scholarly journals Trusted Source Translation of a Total Function Language

2008 ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Li ◽  
Konrad Slind
Keyword(s):  
Total Function ◽  
Function Language

scholarly journals Episodic memory and speed/attention deficits are associated with Alzheimer-typical CSF abnormalities in MCI

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTO NORDLUND ◽  
SINDRE ROLSTAD ◽  
OLA KLANG ◽  
KARIN LIND ◽  
MONA PEDERSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Prodromal Stage ◽  
Age Norms ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Prodromal Ad ◽  
Function Language ◽  
T Tau ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Better Than

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is regarded as the prodromal stage of dementia disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).Objective: To compare the neuropsychological profiles of MCI subjects with normal concentrations of total tau (T-τ) and Aβ42 in CSF (MCI-norm) to MCI subjects with deviating concentrations of the biomarkers (MCI-dev). MCI-norm (N = 73) and MCI-dev (N = 73) subjects were compared to normal controls (N = 50) on tests of speed/attention, memory, visuospatial function, language and executive function.Results: MCI-norm performed overall better than MCI-dev, specifically on tests of speed and attention and episodic memory. When MCI-dev subjects were subclassified into those with only high T-tau (MCI-tau), only low Aβ42 (MCI-Aβ) and both high T-tau and low Aβ42 (MCI-tauAβ), MCI-tauAβ tended to perform slightly worse. MCI-tau and MCI-Aβ performed quite similarly.Conclusions: Considering the neuropsychological differences, many MCI-norm probably had more benign forms of MCI, or early non-AD forms of neurodegenerative disorders. Although most MCI-dev performed clearly worse than MCI-norm on the neuropsychological battery, some did not show any deficits when compared to age norms. A combination of CSF analyses and neuropsychology could be a step toward a more exact diagnosis of MCI as prodromal AD. (JINS, 2008, 14, 582–590.)

scholarly journals COMBINATION AND INFLUENCE NOUN SEMANTICS ON FUNCTION LANGUAGE UNITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Grin
Keyword(s):  
Abstract Nouns ◽  
Function Language

The combination of verbs with abstract nouns and constrictive possibilities of verbs are considered.

scholarly journals Quaternionic wave function

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Bolokhov
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Variational Calculus ◽  
Nonrelativistic Limit ◽  
Natural Choice ◽  
Complex Wave ◽  
Spinor Formalism ◽  
Function Language

We argue that quaternions form a natural language for the description of quantum-mechanical wave functions with spin. We use the quaternionic spinor formalism which is in one-to-one correspondence with the usual spinor language. No unphysical degrees of freedom are admitted, in contrast to the majority of literature on quaternions. In this paper, we first build a Dirac Lagrangian in the quaternionic form, derive the Dirac equation and take the nonrelativistic limit to find the Schrödinger’s equation. We show that the quaternionic formalism is a natural choice to start with, while in the transition to the noninteracting nonrelativistic limit, the quaternionic description effectively reduces to the regular complex wave function language. We provide an easy-to-use grammar for switching between the ordinary spinor language and the description in terms of quaternions. As an illustration of the broader range of the formalism, we also derive the Maxwell’s equation from the quaternionic Lagrangian of Quantum Electrodynamics. In order to derive the equations of motion, we develop the variational calculus appropriate for this formalism.

scholarly journals Relations between executive function, language, and functional communication in severe aphasia

Aphasiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Olsson ◽  
Patrik Arvidsson ◽  
Monica Blom Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Communication ◽  
Function Language

Double jumps of minimal degrees over cardinals

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
C. T. Chong
Keyword(s):  
Positive Answer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Function ◽  
Peculiar Property ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Power Set

Jockusch and Posner [4] showed that every minimal ω-degree is GL2. This is achieved by exhibiting a function f recursive in 0′ which dominates every function of minimal ω-degree. The function f has the peculiar property that for every s, f(s) is defined after a search (using 0′) over the power set of Ls (Gödel's constructible hierarchy at the level s). It can be seen that a function defined in a similar manner over an infinite successor cardinal k will not be a total function, since for example if k = ρ+, then f(ρ) will not be defined until after all the subsets of ρ have been examined, and this will take at least k steps. The following questions then naturally arise: (i) For successor cardinals k, is there a function dominating every set of minimal k-degree? (ii) For arbitrary cardinals k, is every minimal k-degree GL2 (i.e. b″ = (b ∨ 0′) for b of minimal k-degree)? In this paper we answer (i) in the negative and provide a positive answer to (ii), assuming V = L. We show in fact that if k is a successor cardinal and h ≤k 0′, then there is a function of minimal k-degree below 0′ not dominated by h (Theorem 1). This implies that any refinement of the function f described above will not be able to remove the difficulties encountered. On the other hand, we introduce the notion of ‘strong domination’ to provide a positive answer to (ii) (Theorem 2 and Corollary 1). We end this paper by indicating that for limit cardinals k, there is a function below 0′ dominating every function of minimal k-degree.

scholarly journals Which computer-use behaviours are most indicative of cognitive decline? Insights from an expert reference group

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Couth ◽  
Gemma Stringer ◽  
Iracema Leroi ◽  
Alistair G Sutcliffe ◽  
Ann Gledson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
Cognitive Neurosciences ◽  
Behaviour Changes ◽  
Function Language

Computer use is becoming ubiquitous among older adults. As computer use depends on complex cognitive functions, measuring individuals’ computer-use behaviours over time may provide a way to detect changes in their cognitive functioning. However, it is uncertain which computer-use behaviour changes are most likely to be associated with declines of particular cognitive functions. To address this, we convened six experts from clinical and cognitive neurosciences to take part in two workshops and a follow-up survey to gain consensus on which computer-use behaviours would likely be the strongest indicators of cognitive decline. This resulted in a list of 21 computer-use behaviours that the majority of experts agreed would offer a ‘strong indication’ of decline in a specific cognitive function, across Memory, Executive function, Language and Perception and Action domains. This list enables a hypothesis-driven approach to analysing computer-use behaviours predicted to be markers of cognitive decline.

A note on direct sums of Friedbergnumberings

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kummer
Keyword(s):  
Finite Function ◽  
Direct Sums ◽  
Direct Sum ◽  
Total Function ◽  
Standard Notation ◽  
P 16 ◽  
Standard Approximation

We show that a translator ƒ: ω → ω from a Gödelnumbering φ into a direct sum η of a r.e. family of Friedbergnumberings satisfies ƒ ≰T0′. In particular, η cannot be a Gödelnumbering.In the following we use standard notation (cf.[3]): for i ≥ 1, Pi (respectively, Ri) is the set of partial (total) recursive i-place functions; φ is a Gödel numbering of P1. By φi, s we denote a recursive standard approximation for φi, i.e., φi, s is a finite function, φi, s ⊆ φi, s + 1, φi, s ⊆ φi, φi = ⋃ {φi, s ∣ s ≥ 0}, and a canonical index for φi, s can be computed uniformly in i, s (cf.[3, p. 16 f]).We call v ∈ P2 a numbering of P1 iff {λx.v(i, x)}i ∈ ω = P1; we denote λx.v(i, x) by vi. Let v and γ be numberings of P1. A total function g: ω → ω is called a translator from v into γ iff ∀i: vi = γg(i).

scholarly journals Falacias necesarias: una apología de los malos argumentos para la clase de argumentación / Necessary Fallacies: an Apology for Bad Arguments in Argumentation Lessons

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martín de Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Language Resources ◽  
Function Language

ResumenEste artículo defiende la necesidad de las falacias. Los llamados malos argumentos constituyen recursos del lenguaje que permiten a sus usuarios dar cumplimiento a las distintas funciones del lenguaje. Como cualquier otro recurso, es su uso (cuando no obedezca a ciertos criterios axiológicos), pero no su funcionalidad, lo que puede ser censurado. A partir de los estudios de Aristóteles, C. L. Hamblin y, en particular, Van Eemeren y Grootendorst, se evalúan mediante ejemplos la falacia de ambigüedad, que responde a una necesidad expresiva; la falacia del espantapájaros, que puede satisfacer una necesidad conativa; y la falacia cum hoc, ergo propter hoc, que cumple con la función cognitiva. El lenguaje es un fenómeno irreductible, y las falacias son indicio de ello. No pueden repudiarse porque se salgan de los límites descritos por enfoques lógicos. Una reflexión de este tenor debería anteceder a la enseñanza de la argumentación en el nivel superior. AbstractThis article supports the need of fallacies. The so-called bad arguments constitute language resources that allow to complying with the various functions of the language.  As with any other resource, its use (when it doesn’t meet certain axiological criteria), but not its functionality, could be censured.  Based upon studies by Aristotle, C.L. Hamblin, and particularly, Van Eemeren and Grootendorst, examples have been used to assess the ambiguity fallacy, which responds to an expressive need; the fallacy of the Scarecrow, which can satisfy a conative need; and the cum hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy, which meets the cognitive function. Language is an irreducible phenomenon and fallacies are an indicator thereof. Such can’t be disowned because of being out of the limits described by logical approaches. A reflection on this regard should precede the teaching of argumentation in the higher level.         

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