Hepatic Biotransformation

2010 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Henryk Dancygier
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Biotransformation

scholarly journals Hepatic biotransformation in rodents and physicochemical properties of 23(R)-hydroxychenodeoxycholic acid, a natural alpha-hydroxy bile acid.

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
J R Merrill ◽  
C D Schteingart ◽  
L R Hagey ◽  
Y Peng ◽  
H T Ton-Nu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation

Species differences in the hepatic biotransformation of zearalenone

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Malekinejad ◽  
R. Maas-Bakker ◽  
J. Fink-Gremmels
Keyword(s):  
Species Differences ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation

scholarly journals Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition Stabilizes Hepatic Ceramide Content and Improves Hepatic Biotransformation Capacity in a Murine Model of Polymicrobial Sepsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Yeun Chung ◽  
C. Witt ◽  
Jorge Hurtado-Oliveros ◽  
Jonathan Wickel ◽  
Markus Gräler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Acid Sphingomyelinase ◽  
Polymicrobial Sepsis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ceramide Content ◽  
Hepatic Monooxygenase ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation

Liver dysfunction during sepsis is an independent risk factor leading to increased mortality rates. Specifically, dysregulation of hepatic biotransformation capacity, especially of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, represents an important distress factor during host response. The activity of the conserved stress enzyme sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) has been shown to be elevated in sepsis patients, allowing for risk stratification. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether SMPD1 activity has an impact on expression and activity of different hepatic CYP enzymes using an animal model of polymicrobial sepsis. Polymicrobial sepsis was induced in SMPD1 wild-type and heterozygous mice and hepatic ceramide content as well as CYP mRNA, protein expression and enzyme activities were assessed at two different time points, at 24 h, representing the acute phase, and at 28 days, representing the post-acute phase of host response. In the acute phase of sepsis, SMPD1+/+ mice showed an increased hepatic C16- as well as C18-ceramide content. In addition, a downregulation of CYP expression and activities was detected. In SMPD1+/− mice, however, no noticeable changes of ceramide content and CYP expression and activities during sepsis could be observed. After 28 days, CYP expression and activities were normalized again in all study groups, whereas mRNA expression remained downregulated in SMPD+/+ animals. In conclusion, partial genetic inhibition of SMPD1 stabilizes hepatic ceramide content and improves hepatic monooxygenase function in the acute phase of polymicrobial sepsis. Since we were also able to show that the functional inhibitor of SMPD1, desipramine, ameliorates downregulation of CYP mRNA expression and activities in the acute phase of sepsis in wild-type mice, SMPD1 might be an interesting pharmacological target, which should be further investigated.

Inhibition of Hepatic Microsomal Drug Metabolism by the Hydrazines Ro 4-4602, MK 486, and Procarbazine Hydrochloride

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman R. Bade ◽  
Stuart M. MacLeod ◽  
Kenneth W. Renton
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Hydrazine Derivatives ◽  
Significant Drug Interaction ◽  
Microsomal Drug Metabolism ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation

Preliminary experiments were undertaken to examine the effect of three hydrazine derivatives, viz. Ro 4-4602, MK 486, and procarbazine hydrochloride, on hepatic microsomal drug metabolism in rats. All three compounds when given as pretreatment significantly prolonged pentobarbital sleeping time. In vitro, the hepatic microsomal N-demethylation of aminopyrine was inhibited. It is concluded that all three drugs are possible sources of clinically significant drug interaction when administered in combination with other agents which undergo hepatic biotransformation.

scholarly journals HEPATIC BIOTRANSFORMATION PROFILES OF SULPHAMONOMETHOXINE IN FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS AND RATS IN VITRO

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation

Hydroxylation and acetylation of sulphamonomethoxine (SMM) and deacetylation of N4-acetyl SMM (N4-AcSMM) were estimated in liver post-mitochondrial supernatants (S-9) from laying hens, female cattle, swine and rats. The formation of hydroxylated SMM, 2,6-dihydroxy SMM (2,6-diOH-SMM), was found only with hen S-9s. N4-acetylation rate of SMM was the highest in pig S-9s, followed by rat, then hen or cow S-9s. All S-9s from the four species deacetylated N4-AcSMM. In hen S-9s, the rate of 2,6-dihydroxylation was higher during incubation at 41 °C than at 37 °C.

scholarly journals In vitro hepatic biotransformation of the algal toxin pectenotoxin-2

Toxicon X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 100031
Author(s):  
Morten Sandvik ◽  
Christopher O. Miles ◽  
Alistair L. Wilkins ◽  
Christiane Fæste
Keyword(s):  
Algal Toxin ◽  
Hepatic Biotransformation ◽  
Pectenotoxin 2
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