Roles of Quantum Fluctuation in Frustrated Systems – Order by Disorder and Reentrant Phase Transition

2010 ◽  
pp. 215-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tanaka ◽  
M. Hirano ◽  
S. Miyashita
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Quantum Fluctuation ◽  
Frustrated Systems

New phase transition induced by Ising-type impurity in easy-plane-type antiferromagnet with quantum fluctuation: NMR study of CsCu1−xCoxCl3

2000 ◽  
Vol 284-288 ◽  
pp. 1531-1532
Author(s):  
Junichirou Hirano ◽  
Shizumasa Ueda ◽  
Meiro Chiba ◽  
Toshio Ono ◽  
Hidekazu Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Quantum Fluctuation ◽  
Easy Plane ◽  
Plane Type ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
New Phase

scholarly journals Quantum Fluctuation-induced Phase Transition inS=1/2 XY-like Heisenberg Antiferromagnets on the Triangular Lattice

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1798-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Yoshikawa ◽  
Kouichi Okunishi ◽  
Makoto Senda ◽  
Seiji Miyashita
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Triangular Lattice ◽  
Quantum Fluctuation ◽  
Heisenberg Antiferromagnets

Nanospace-confined Helium Shows Four-dimensional Quantum Phase Transition (QPT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Quantum Phase Transition ◽  
Quantum Fluctuation ◽  
Critical Phenomenon ◽  
Quantum Phase ◽  
Superfluid Transition ◽  
Nanoporous Material

Helium confined in a nanoporous material shows a four dimensional superfluid transition. This is a unique example of four dimensional critical phenomenon caused by strong quantum fluctuation.

scholarly journals Phase Transition in Frustrated Magnetic Thin Film—Physics at Phase Boundaries

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Diep
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Magnetic Thin Films ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Low Dimensions ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Frustrated Systems ◽  
Simple Systems ◽  
Limiting Case

In this review, we outline some principal theoretical knowledge of the properties of frustrated spin systems and magnetic thin films. The two points we would like to emphasize: (i) the physics in low dimensions where exact solutions can be obtained; (ii) the physics at phase boundaries where interesting phenomena can occur due to competing interactions of the two phases around the boundary. This competition causes a frustration. We will concentrate our attention on magnetic thin films and phenomena occurring near the boundary of two phases of different symmetries. Two-dimensional (2D) systems are in fact the limiting case of thin films with a monolayer. Naturally, we will treat this case at the beginning. We begin by defining the frustration and giving examples of frustrated 2D Ising systems that we can exactly solve by transforming them into vertex models. We will show that these simple systems already contain most of the striking features of frustrated systems such as the high degeneracy of the ground state (GS), many phases in the GS phase diagram in the space of interaction parameters, the reentrance occurring near the boundaries of these phases, the disorder lines in the paramagnetic phase, and the partial disorder coexisting with the order at equilibrium. Thin films are then presented with different aspects: surface elementary excitations (surface spin waves), surface phase transition, and criticality. Several examples are shown and discussed. New results on skyrmions in thin films and superlattices are also displayed. By the examples presented in this review we show that the frustration when combined with the surface effect in low dimensions gives rise to striking phenomena observed in particular near the phase boundaries.

Microstructure of laser-irradiated, conducting Kapton polyimide

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan ◽  
Z. Ball ◽  
H. M. Phillips ◽  
R. Sauerbrey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Utility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Potential Applications

Ultraviolet laser-irradiation can be used to induce an insulator-to-conductor phase transition on the surface of Kapton polyimide. Such structures have potential applications as resistors or conductors for VLSI applications as well as general utility electrodes. Although the percolative nature of the phase transformation has been well-established, there has been little definitive work on the mechanism or extent of transformation. In particular, there has been considerable debate about whether or not the transition is primarily photothermal in nature, as we propose, or photochemical. In this study, cross-sectional optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are utilized to characterize the nature of microstructural changes associated with the laser-induced pyrolysis of polyimide.Laser-modified polyimide samples initially 12 μm thick were prepared in cross-section by standard ultramicrotomy. Resulting contraction in parallel to the film surface has led to distortions in apparent magnification. The scale bars shown are calibrated for the direction normal to the film surface only.

The structure of membranes and membrane proteins embedded in amorphous ice

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
Uwe Lücken ◽  
Joachim Jäger
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Phase Transition Temperature ◽  
Lipid Vesicles ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Amorphous Ice ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Lipid Polymorphism

TEM imaging of frozen-hydrated lipid vesicles has been done by several groups Thermotrophic and lyotrophic polymorphism has been reported. By using image processing, computer simulation and tilt experiments, we tried to learn about the influence of freezing-stress and defocus artifacts on the lipid polymorphism and fine structure of the bilayer profile. We show integrated membrane proteins do modulate the bilayer structure and the morphology of the vesicles.Phase transitions of DMPC vesicles were visualized after freezing under equilibrium conditions at different temperatures in a controlled-environment vitrification system. Below the main phase transition temperature of 24°C (Fig. 1), vesicles show a facetted appearance due to the quasicrystalline areas. A gradual increase in temperature leads to melting processes with different morphology in the bilayer profile. Far above the phase transition temperature the bilayer profile is still present. In the band-pass-filtered images (Fig. 2) no significant change in the width of the bilayer profile is visible.

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