Developments within the Scope of the German Test Site for Road Weather Stations

2010 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
S. Piszczek ◽  
S. Grošanić ◽  
A. Dinkel
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Weather Stations

Accuracy of Weather Data in Long-Term Pavement Performance Program Database

2000 ◽  
Vol 1699 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Lung Wu ◽  
Gonzalo R. Rada ◽  
Aramis Lopez ◽  
Yingwu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weighting Scheme ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
National Climatic Data Center ◽  
Weather Stations

To provide accurate climatic data for pavements under the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Program, a climatic database was developed in 1992 and subsequently revised and expanded in 1998. In the development of this database, up to five nearby weather stations were selected for each test site. Pertinent weather data for the selected weather stations were obtained from the U.S. National Climatic Data Center and the Canadian Climatic Center. With a 1/ R2 weighting scheme, site-specific climatic data were derived from the nearby weather station data. The derived data were referred to as “virtual”weather data. To evaluate the effect of environmental factors on pavement performance and design, automated weather stations (AWS) were installed at LTPP Specific Pavement Study Projects 1, 2, and 8 to collect on-site weather data. Since the virtual weather data were developed for all LTPP test sites and will be used for future pavement performance studies, it is essential that the derived virtual data be accurate and representative of the actual onsite climatic conditions. The availability of the AWS weather data has provided an opportunity to evaluate whether virtual weather data can be used to represent on-site weather conditions. Daily temperature data and monthly temperature and precipitation data were used in this experiment. On the basis of the comparisons made between the virtual and onsite measured (AWS) data, it appears that climatic data derived from nearby weather stations using the 1/R2 weighting scheme estimate the actual weather data reasonably well and thus can be used to represent on-site weather conditions in pavement research and design.

Magnitude Estimation and Cross-Modal Matching of Lingual Vibrotactile and Auditory Sensation

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Thenar Eminence ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Scaling Methods ◽  
Response Biases

The present experiment was a preliminary attempt to use the psychophysical scaling methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching to investigate suprathreshold judgments of lingual vibrotactile and auditory sensation magnitudes for 20 normal young adult subjects. A 250-Hz lingual vibrotactile stimulus and a 1000-Hz binaural auditory stimulus were employed. To obtain judgments for nonoral vibrotactile sensory magnitudes, the thenar eminence of the hand was also employed as a test site for 5 additional subjects. Eight stimulus intensities were presented during all experimental tasks. The results showed that the slopes of the log-log vibrotactile magnitude estimation functions decreased at higher stimulus intensity levels for both test sites. Auditory magnitude estimation functions were relatively constant throughout the stimulus range. Cross-modal matching functions for the two stimuli generally agreed with functions predicted from the magnitude estimation data, except when subjects adjusted vibration on the tongue to match auditory stimulus intensities. The results suggested that the methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching may be useful for studying sensory processing in the speech production system. However, systematic investigation of response biases associated with vibrotactile-auditory psychophysical scaling tasks appears to be a prerequisite.

Stochastic simulation of the spatio-temporal field of the average daily heat index in Southern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
N Kargapolova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Gaussian Field ◽  
The Real ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temporal Field

Numerical models of the heat index time series and spatio-temporal fields can be used for a variety of purposes, from the study of the dynamics of heat waves to projections of the influence of future climate on humans. To conduct these studies one must have efficient numerical models that successfully reproduce key features of the real weather processes. In this study, 2 numerical stochastic models of the spatio-temporal non-Gaussian field of the average daily heat index (ADHI) are considered. The field is simulated on an irregular grid determined by the location of weather stations. The first model is based on the method of the inverse distribution function. The second model is constructed using the normalization method. Real data collected at weather stations located in southern Russia are used to both determine the input parameters and to verify the proposed models. It is shown that the first model reproduces the properties of the real field of the ADHI more precisely compared to the second one, but the numerical implementation of the first model is significantly more time consuming. In the future, it is intended to transform the models presented to a numerical model of the conditional spatio-temporal field of the ADHI defined on a dense spatio-temporal grid and to use the model constructed for the stochastic forecasting of the heat index.

The use of results of ground-based test site spectrometric measurements for the calibration of satellite observations to estimate hydrological and hydrogeological security

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (6(79)) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kostyuchenko ◽  
◽  
D.M. Solovyov ◽  
M.V. Yushchenko ◽  
S.S. Dugin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Spectrometric Measurements
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