Reuse of Industrial Wastewater Effluent in the Petrochemical Industry

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply reverse osmosis (RO) to the treatment of industrial wastewater from a large petrochemical complex in Southern Brazil, in order to verify the conditions of liquid effluent reuse and improve them, especially to reduce the consumption of natural water by some production structures such as boilers and cooling towers. Design/methodology/approach The petrochemical wastewater was submitted to pretreatment using a sand filter and activated carbon filters. Tests were conducted using RO equipment with a production capacity of 0.25 m3h−1 composed of a spiral membrane module with a membrane area of 7.2 m². Pressures of 8, 12 and 15 bar were applied with reject flow maintained constant at 10 Lm−1. Findings The experiment results indicated optimum RO performance since more than 90 percent extraction was obtained for most of the compounds present in the petrochemical wastewater. Originality/value By checking the aspects involved, as well as providing some relevant considerations about, this study promotes the application of RO to get a satisfactory water reuse in similar industries, thereby decreasing both the volume of water extracted from wellsprings and the amount of wastewater released into water bodies.

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Review the Environmental Effects of Using Industrial Wastewater Effluent (Case Study: Iran Qom Shokouhie Industrial State)

Journal of Environmental Protection ◽

10.4236/jep.2014.510089 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 05 (10) ◽

pp. 874-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nona Jesmanitafti ◽

Seyed Ali Jozi ◽

Seyed Masoud Monavari

Keyword(s):

Environmental Effects ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Effluent ◽

Industrial State

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Possible applications of ferrate(VI) in the treatment of industrial wastewater effluent in the laboratory

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind131001017n ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Ljiljana Nikolic-Bujanovic ◽

Milan Cekerevac ◽

Milena Tomic ◽

Mladen Zdravkovic

Keyword(s):

Industrial Wastewater ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Wastewater Effluent ◽

High Concentration ◽

Industrial Plants ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Developed Surface ◽

High Sorption ◽

High Chemical Oxygen Demand

This paper shows the effects of ferrate(VI) application in the treatment of industrial wastewater effluent in laboratory conditions. Samples used are a mixture of wastewater effluent from various industrial plants whose composition was determined by analyzing samples before the ferrate(VI) treatment. Determining physical-chemical characteristics of the samples showed very high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the concentrations of individual pollutants are higher than the maximum allowed. In the tested samples, the COD was from 18 (sample 1) to 580 times (sample 2) greater than allowed (allowed 45 - 150 mg/l), while the concentrations of certain metals were several times higher than allowed (Cu allowed 0,1 mg/l, Zn allowed 0,2 mg/l). Also, a high concentration of total phosphorus content (allowed 2 mg/l) and fluoride was found (allowed 20 mg/l), 2-3 times higher than permissible. The applied Na2FeO4 was synthesized by electrochemical method and applied in situ. Physical-chemical testing of samples, after treatment with different amounts (2, 5, 8, and 10 ml) of Na2FeO4, concentration of 8 g/l showed that ferrate(VI) can be used as a multifunctional agent in the purification of industrial wastewater, where in the amount of contaminating matter is reduced below the maximum permitted level. It was demonstrated the high efficiency of ferrate(VI) as a strong oxidant in the removal of total P and suspended materials. Also pointed out was the high sorption power of the generated ferric(III)hydroxide, which with its developed surface absorbs 95,5% of the F- and removes it from the solution in the form of sludge. Showed a high efficiency of ferrate(VI) in the total removal of P (70 to 99,5%), and F- (89 to 95,5%), but depending on the presence of the total COD value or the presence of the total organic substances. At high values of the COD major part of ferrate(VI) is consumed in the oxidation of organic material and the formation of Fe(OH)3, which accelerate the process of decomposition of ferrate(VI), which contributes to lower the efficiency of the removal of P and F-.

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Enhancement of Quality of Secondary Industrial Wastewater Effluent by Coagulation Process: A Case Study

Journal of Environmental Protection ◽

10.4236/jep.2011.29144 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 02 (09) ◽

pp. 1250-1256 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hossam Altaher ◽

Ahmed Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Effluent ◽

Coagulation Process

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Integrated Assessment of Nickel Electroplating Industrial Wastewater Effluent as a Renewable Resource of Irrigation Water Using a Hydroponic Cultivation System

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.609396 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Y. N. Chow ◽

L. K. Lee ◽

N. A. Zakaria ◽

K. Y. Foo

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Renewable Resource ◽

Wastewater Effluent ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation ◽

Nickel Electroplating

Nickel, a micronutrient essential for plant growth and development, has been recognized as a metallic pollutant in wastewater. The concentration of nickel ions in the water course, exceeding the maximum tolerable limit, has called for an alarming attention, due to the bioaccumulative entry in the water–plant–human food chain, leaving a burden of deteriorative effects on visible characteristics, physiological processes, and oxidative stress response in plants. In this work, the renewable utilization of nickel electroplating industrial wastewater effluent (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100%) as a viable source of irrigation water was evaluated using a hydroponic cultivation system, by adopting Lablab purpureus and Brassica chinensis as the plant models, in relation to the physical growth, physiological and morphological characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, proline, and oxidative responses. The elongation of roots and shoots in L. purpureus and B. chinensis was significantly inhibited beyond 25 and 5% of industrial wastewater. The chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents, accompanied by alterations in the morphologies of xylem, phloem, and distortion of stomata, were recorded in the industrial wastewater-irrigated groups, with pronounced toxicity effects detected in B. chinensis. Excessive proline accumulation was recorded in the treated plant models. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) scavenging activities were drastically altered, with a profound upregulation effect in the POD activity in L. purpureus and both POD and APX in B. chinensis, predicting the nickel-induced oxidative stress. Conclusively, the diluted industrial wastewater effluent up to the optimum concentrations of 5 and 25%, respectively, could be feasibly reused as a renewable resource for B. chinensis and L. purpureus irrigation, verified by the minimal or negligible phytotoxic implications in the plant models. The current findings have shed light on the interruption of nickel-contaminated industrial wastewater effluent irrigation practice on the physical and biochemical features of food crops and highlighted the possibility of nutrient recycling via wastewater reuse in a sustainable soilless cultivation.

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