Application of reverse osmosis to petrochemical industry wastewater treatment aimed at water reuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Denize Venzke ◽  
Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues ◽  
Alexandre Giacobbo ◽  
Luciana Ely Bacher ◽  
Iona Souza Lemmertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Petrochemical Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Percent Extraction

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply reverse osmosis (RO) to the treatment of industrial wastewater from a large petrochemical complex in Southern Brazil, in order to verify the conditions of liquid effluent reuse and improve them, especially to reduce the consumption of natural water by some production structures such as boilers and cooling towers. Design/methodology/approach The petrochemical wastewater was submitted to pretreatment using a sand filter and activated carbon filters. Tests were conducted using RO equipment with a production capacity of 0.25 m3h−1 composed of a spiral membrane module with a membrane area of 7.2 m². Pressures of 8, 12 and 15 bar were applied with reject flow maintained constant at 10 Lm−1. Findings The experiment results indicated optimum RO performance since more than 90 percent extraction was obtained for most of the compounds present in the petrochemical wastewater. Originality/value By checking the aspects involved, as well as providing some relevant considerations about, this study promotes the application of RO to get a satisfactory water reuse in similar industries, thereby decreasing both the volume of water extracted from wellsprings and the amount of wastewater released into water bodies.

Carburization behavior of high velocity oxy fuel sprayed metallic coatings at 900°C

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Quddus ◽  
Anwar Ul-Hamid ◽  
Huseyin Saricimen
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Metallic Coatings ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray

Purpose – The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) coated SS-310 samples in a carburizing environment. Design/methodology/approach – The carburization behavior of metallic coatings with three different compositions was studied under isothermal carburizing exposure conditions at 900°C for 125 hours. The coatings were deposited on SS 310 substrates using the HVOF technique. The ASTM Standard method was used to evaluate coating adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and weight gain were used to evaluate the surface morphology, microchemical composition, phase constitution and degree of environmental protection imparted by the coatings. Findings – The experimental results indicate that Ni-rich coating offered better protection to SS 310 alloy compared to Co-rich coatings in carburizing environments. This was thought to be due to the formation of a continuous protective layer of Cr2O3 on the Ni-rich coating surface. Originality/value – The study has direct practical relevance to the petrochemical industry, particularly for refinery applications. In refinery service, SS310 is used in header damper plates. The useful service life of such header plates can be extended by the use of high temperature corrosion resistant metallic coatings. The present investigation highlighted the protection offered by Ni-based HVOF coated SS-310 samples in carburizing environment.

Managing hauled industrial wastewater in Jordan, a case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Bashaar Y. Ammary
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disposal Facility ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
To Receive

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project intended for the implementation of a formal cradle to grave management program for hauled or trucked industrial wastewater in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach – Industries that do not have treatment onsite or that treat their industrial wastewater to a level not suitable for disposal into sewers or those that do not have access to sewer system have to haul their industrial wastewater to a treatment or disposal facility. At present most industries haul their industrial wastewater to a solid waste landfill site specially designated to receive industrial wastewater. In the program presented here, a manifest system for these industries have been introduced and implemented in a number of pilot projects. Findings – A manifest form has been devised and used in a number of pilot demonstrations that enabled the formulation of specific conclusions and recommendations. Before implementing this manifest a program that includes training, awareness, governmental enforcement and commitment, and upgrading of disposal sites and laboratories capabilities has to be implemented. Originality/value – Management of hauled industrial wastewater is very important in a water poor country like Jordan. The introduction of a manifest system and the identification of the problems associated with its implementation are key issues for sustainable development in Jordan.

Evaluating Saudi cement companies’ market share

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yas Alsultanny ◽  
Sara AlZuhair
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Saudi cement companies’ market share. Design/methodology/approach The data collected from the annual reports and financial statements of 12 companies. Findings The analysis of the production indicators showed that seven Saudi companies had a steady state of production capacity, while the other five companies had an increase in their production capacity. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to the Saudi cement companies. Practical implications The Saudi cement companies add expenditures annually to update their managerial technologies, production equipment and machinery in plants and processes. Originality/value The Saudi cement companies must be creating more competition between the cement companies through the opportunity of developing or acquiring new technologies.

scholarly journals Vulnerable adults in police custody

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Adults

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recent National Appropriate Adult Network (NAAN) report on the role of the appropriate adult. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the NAAN report and a review of relevant policy and research literature. Findings There to Help 2 highlights that there are still significant gaps in the provision of appropriate adult schemes across England and Wales. These gaps potentially place vulnerable adults at increased risk. Originality/value This paper is a review of recent research.

Co-workers’ perceptions of and reactions to employee’s involuntary demotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hennekam ◽  
Subramaniam Ananthram ◽  
Steve McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Informational Justice ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Behavioural Reaction ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how individuals perceive and react to the involuntary demotion of a co-worker in their organisation. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on 46 semi-structured in-depth interviews (23 dyads) with co-workers of demoted individuals. Findings The findings suggest that an individual’s observation of the demotion of a co-worker has three stages: their perception of fairness, their emotional reaction and their behavioural reaction. The perception of fairness concerned issues of distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice. The emotional responses identified were feelings of disappointment/disillusion, uncertainty, vulnerability and anger. Finally, the behavioural reactions triggered by their emotional responses included expressions of voice, loyalty, exit and adaptation. Originality/value Perceptions of (in)justice perpetrated on others stimulate emotional and behavioural responses, which impacts organisational functioning. Managers should therefore pay attention to the way a demotion is perceived, not only by those directly concerned, but also by co-workers as observers.

Consumer value creation through WhatsApp use

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-471
Author(s):  
Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas ◽  
Jorge Guadalupe-Lanas ◽  
Ekaterina Zabelina ◽  
Andrés Palacio-Fierro ◽  
Margarita Velín-Fárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand in-depth how consumers create value in their lives using WhatsApp, the leading mobile instant messaging (MIM) application. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the perspective of customer-dominant logic (CDL) and uses a qualitative multimethod design involving 3 focus groups and 25 subsequent in-depth interviews. The research setting was Ecuador, a Latin American country. Findings Analysis and interpretation of the participants’ stories made it possible to identify and understand the creation of four types of value: maintaining and strengthening relationships; improving role performance; emotional support; and entertainment and fun. In addition, the present study proposes a conceptual model of consumer value creation as it applies to MIM. Practical implications Understanding the way consumers create value in their lives using MIM is important not only for organizations that offer MIM applications, but also for those companies that develop other applications for mobile phones or for those who wish to use MIM as an electronic word-of-mouth vehicle. Originality/value The current study is one of the first to address the topic of consumer behavior in the use of technologies from the perspective of CDL; this perspective enables an integrated qualitative vision of value creation in which the consumer is the protagonist.

scholarly journals Advantages and potential challenges of data management in e-maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arian Razmi-Farooji ◽  
Hanna Kropsu-Vehkaperä ◽  
Janne Härkönen ◽  
Harri Haapasalo
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Maintenance Systems ◽  
Industry Leader ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to understand data management challenges in e-maintenance systems from a holistically viewpoint through summarizing the earlier scattered research in the field, and second, to present a conceptual approach for addressing these challenges in practice. Design/methodology/approach The study is realized as a combination of a literature review and by the means of analyzing the practices on an industry leader in manufacturing and maintenance services. Findings This research provides a general understanding over data management challenges in e-maintenance and summarizes their associated proposed solutions. In addition, this paper lists and exemplifies different types and sources of data which can be collected in e-maintenance, across different organizational levels. Analyzing the data management practices of an e-maintenance industry leader provides a conceptual approach to address identified challenges in practice. Research limitations/implications Since this paper is based on studying the practices of a single company, it might be limited to generalize the results. Future research topics can focus on each of mentioned data management challenges and also validate the applicability of presented model in other companies and industries. Practical implications Understanding the e-maintenance-related challenges helps maintenance managers and other involved stakeholders in e-maintenance systems to better solve the challenges. Originality/value The so-far literature on e-maintenance has been studied with narrow focus to data and data management in e-maintenance appears as one of the less studied topics in the literature. This research paper contributes to e-maintenance by highlighting the deficiencies of the discussion surrounding the perspectives of data management in e-maintenance by studying all common data management challenges and listing different types of data which need to be acquired in e-maintenance systems.

An exploratory empirical study of whistleblowing and whistleblowers

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-770
Author(s):  
Maria Krambia-Kapardis
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Due Date ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unethical Behaviour ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Directive ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a profile of whistleblowers and to determine whether whistleblowing legislation would encourage those individuals to bring to light some illegal or unethical behaviour that otherwise would remain in the shadows. Design/methodology/approach Having identified whistleblowing correlation, a survey was carried out in Cyprus of actual whistleblowers and could-have-been whistleblowers. Findings Males between 46 and55 years of age, regardless of whether they have dependents or hold senior positions in organizations are significantly more likely to blow the whistle. However, could-have-been whistleblowers did not go ahead because they felt that the authorities would not act on their information. Research limitations/implications Because of the sensitive nature of the research topic and the fact that only whistleblowers or intended whistleblowers could participate in the study, the sample size is limited as a result. This, in turn, limits both the number of respondents in each category (actual and intended) as well as constrains the statistical analysis that could be carried out on the data. Practical implications It remains to be seen whether EU Member States shall implement the European Directive 2019/1937 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union Law, in its entirety by the due date, namely December 2021. Originality/value This study provides a literature review of whistleblowing and reports an original survey against the backdrop of the European Directive.

Interest rate option hedging portfolios without bank account

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Alberto Bueno-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contingent Claim ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Barrier Option ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Option Hedging ◽  
Hedging Portfolio ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
First Time

Purpose This paper aims to study the conditions for the hedging portfolio of any contingent claim on bonds to have no bank account part. Design/methodology/approach Hedging and Malliavin calculus techniques recently developed under a stochastic string framework are applied. Findings A necessary and sufficient condition for the hedging portfolio to have no bank account part is found. This condition is applied to a barrier option, and an example of a contingent claim whose hedging portfolio has a bank account part different from zero is provided. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that this issue has been addressed in the literature.

Understanding decoupling in response to corporate governance reform pressures

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Krenn
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Compliance Monitoring ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Actual Use

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to explain under what circumstances firm-level adoption of codes of good corporate governance will more likely be superficial rather than substantive in nature. The article contains lessons for any agency or country that attempts to implement deep and lasting changes in corporate governance via codes of good corporate governance. Design/methodology/approach – The article reviews the literature on compliance with codes of good corporate governance and develops a conceptual model to explain why some firms that have formally adopted a code of good governance decouple this policy from its actual use. Findings – Decoupling in response to the issuance of codes of good corporate governance will be more attractive to firms and also more sustainable under the following conditions: firms’ compliance costs are relatively high firms’ costs of outright and visible non-compliance are relatively high and outsiders’ compliance monitoring costs are relatively high. Originality/value – The article contributes to the debate on compliance and convergence and provides policymakers with a conceptual framework for assessing the likelihood of successful regulatory change in corporate governance.

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