Ethanol Metabolism in Man, Studied by Liver Vein Catheterization (Effect of Ethanol on Glycerol Metabolism)

Introduction: Central vein catheterization can be introduced in subclavian vein (SCV), internal jugular vein or femoral vein for volume resuscitation and invasive monitoring technique. Due to anatomical advantage and lesser risk of infection subclavian vein is preferred. Either supraclavicular (SC) or infraclavicular (IC) approach could be used for subclavian vein catheterization. The aim of the study was to compare SC and IC approach in ease of catheterization of SCV and record the complications present if any. Methods and materials: This was a hospital based comparative, interventional study conducted from November 2016 to October 2017 in Operation Theater in Bir Hospital. In this study, 70 patients for elective surgical cases meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly enrolled. Then samples were equally divided by lottery into either supraclavicular or infraclavicular approach groups. The Access time, cannulation success rate, attempts made for successful cannulation of vein, easy insertion of catheter and guide wire, approximate inserted length of catheter and associated complications in both groups were recorded. Data was entered in statistical software SPSS 16. Chi-square test was used. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean access time in group SC for SCV catheterization was 2.12 ± 0.81 min compared to 2.83 ± 0.99 min in group IC (p-value= 0.002). The overall success rate in catheterization of the right SCV using SC approach (34 / 35) was better as compared with group IC (33 / 35) using IC approach. First successful attempt in the SC group was 74.28% as compared with 57.14% in the IC group. Conclusion: The SC approach of SCV catheterization can be considered alternative to IC approach in terms of landmark accessibility, success rate and rate of complications.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Real-time ultrasonographically-guided internal jugular vein catheterization in the emergency department increases success rates and reduces complications: a randomized, prospective study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1047025.498068 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick Ray

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Real Time ◽

Internal Jugular Vein ◽

Jugular Vein ◽

Success Rates ◽

Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization ◽

Vein Catheterization

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A randomized trial of ultrasound image-based skin surface marking versus real-time ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization in infants.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1104567.551977 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Francis Veyckemans

Keyword(s):

Randomized Trial ◽

Real Time ◽

Internal Jugular Vein ◽

Jugular Vein ◽

Ultrasound Image ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization ◽

Surface Marking ◽

Vein Catheterization

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Polymorphisms in alcohol metabolizing genes ADH2 and ADH3 and susceptibility to pancreatitis in alcoholics

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2017.03.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (03) ◽

pp. 5297

Author(s):

Vedangi Aaren* ◽

Godi Sudhakar ◽

Girinadh L.R.S.

Keyword(s):

Frequency Distribution ◽

Ethanol Metabolism ◽

Alcoholic Pancreatitis ◽

Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

P450 Enzyme ◽

Acute Alcoholic Pancreatitis ◽

Acute And Chronic Pancreatitis

In both developed and developing countries, overuse of alcohol is a considered as the major cause of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Prolonged overconsumption of alcohol for 5–10 years typically precedes the initial attack of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. It is observed that only a minority (around 5%) of alcoholics develop pancreatitis. It is now established that the pancreas has the capacity to metabolize ethanol. Previous studies have shown that there are two major pathways of ethanol metabolism, oxidative and non-oxidative. Oxidative ethanol metabolism involves the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde, a reaction that is catalysed by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) with contributions from cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP2E1) and possibly also catalase. Genetic factors regulating alcohol metabolism could predispose in developing alcoholic pancreatitis (AP). We investigated the association of polymorphisms in ADH enzymes with the alcoholic pancreatitis in North coastal Andhra Pradesh. Patients with alcoholic pancreatitis (AP; n = 100), alcoholic controls (AC; n = 100), and healthy controls (HC; n = 100) were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from the subjects in EDTA coated vials. DNA was extracted and genotyping for ADH2 and ADH3 was done by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism). The products were analysed by gel electrophoresis. The frequency distribution of ADH3*1/*1 genotype was significantly higher in AP group (54%) compared with AC (35%), and HC (42%), and was found to be associated with increased risk of alcoholic pancreatitis. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency distribution of ADH3*1/*1, ADH3*1/*2, and ADH3*2/*2 genotypes between AC and HC. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency distribution of ADH2*1/*1, ADH2*1/*2, and ADH2*2/*2 genotypes in AP compared with AC and HC. This study shows that carriers of ADH3*1/*1 individuals consuming alcohol are at higher risk for alcoholic pancreatitis than those with other genotypes such as ADH3*1/*2 and ADH3*2/*2.

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