Introduction to the tables for daily global and diffuse radiation incident on slopes

1996 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Palz ◽  
◽  
Jürgen Greif
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Radiation Incident

Evaluation of Different Radiation and Albedo Models for the Prediction of Solar Radiation Incident on Tilted Surfaces, for Four European Locations

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Psiloglou ◽  
C. A. Balaras ◽  
M. Santamouris ◽  
D. N. Asimakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Vertical Surface ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Radiation Incident ◽  
Tilted Surface ◽  
Significant Difference

The diffuse radiation incident on an inclined surface is composed of both the sky diffuse radiation and the ground-reflected radiation. Depending on the model used to calculate the sky diffuse radiation and the estimated albedo value, it is possible to introduce a significant error in the prediction of the total radiation incident on a tilted surface. Twelve sky diffuse submodels associated with four different albedo submodels are used to estimate the total radiation on the tilted surface from data on the horizontal plane. The predicted total solar radiation values are compared with measured data on a south facing vertical surface, from four representative south and north European locations. Root mean square error, mean bias error, and a t-test are used to determine the intrinsic performance of each combination of diffuse tilt and albedo submodel. Accordingly, the various model combinations do not exhibit a statistically significant difference between measured and calculated values.

scholarly journals Impact of Atmospheric Optical Properties on Net Ecosystem Productivity of Peatland in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2124
Author(s):  
Kamila M. Harenda ◽  
Mateusz Samson ◽  
Radosław Juszczak ◽  
Krzysztof M. Markowicz ◽  
Iwona S. Stachlewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Scattering ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Diffusion Index ◽  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Carbon

Peatlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle due to the high carbon storage in the substrate. Ecosystem production depends, for example, on the solar energy amount that reaches the vegetation, however the diffuse component of this flux can substantially increase ecosystem net productivity. This phenomenon is observed in different ecosystems, but the study of the atmosphere optical properties on peatland production is lacking. In this paper, the presented methodology allowed us to disentangle the diffuse radiation impact on the net ecosystem production (NEP) of Rzecin peatland, Poland. It allowed us to assess the impact of the atmospheric scattering process determined by the aerosol presence in the air mass. An application of atmospheric radiation transfer (ART) and ecosystem production (EP) models showed that the increase of aerosol optical thickness from 0.09 to 0.17 caused NEP to rise by 3.4–5.7%. An increase of the diffusion index (DI) by 0.1 resulted in an NEP increase of 6.1–42.3%, while a DI decrease of 0.1 determined an NEP reduction of −49.0 to −10.5%. These results show that low peatland vegetation responds to changes in light scattering. This phenomenon should be taken into account when calculating the global CO2 uptake estimation of such ecosystems.

scholarly journals Introduction of Fractal-Based Tree Digitalization and Accurate In-Canopy Radiation Transfer Modelling to the Microclimate Model ENVI-met

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Helge Simon ◽  
Tim Sinsel ◽  
Michael Bruse
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Transfer ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Plant Canopies ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Transfer Modelling ◽  
Branching System ◽  
Lindenmayer System ◽  
Radiation Extinction

While complex urban morphologies including different materials, wall structures, etc., are rather adequately represented in microclimate models, replication of actual plant geometry is—so far—rather crudely handled. However, plant geometry greatly differs within species and locations while strongly determining a plant’s microclimate performance. To improve the plants representation in numerical models, a new method to describe plant skeletons using the so-called Lindenmayer-System has been implemented in the microclimate model ENVI-met. The new model allows describing much more realistic plants including the position and alignment of leaf clusters, a hierarchical description of the branching system and the calculation of the plant’s biomechanics. Additionally, a new canopy radiation transfer module is introduced that allows not only the simulation of diffuse radiation extinction but also secondary sources of diffuse radiation due to scattering of direct radiation within plant canopies. Intercomparisons between model runs with and without the advancements showed large differences for various plant parameters due to the introduction of the Lindenmayer-System and the advanced radiation scheme. The combination of the two developments represents a sophisticated approach to accurately digitize plants, model radiative transfer in crown canopies, and thus achieve more realistic microclimate results.

Improved Accuracy Models For Hourly Diffuse Solar Radiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muneer ◽  
S. Munawwar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Error Statistics ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Extensive Evaluation

Solar energy applications require readily available, site-oriented, and long-term solar data. However, the frequent unavailability of diffuse irradiation, in contrast to its need, has led to the evolution of various regression models to predict it from the more commonly available data. Estimating the diffuse component from global radiation is one such technique. The present work focuses on improvement in the accuracy of the models for predicting horizontal diffuse irradiation using hourly solar radiation database from nine sites across the globe. The influence of sunshine fraction, cloud cover, and air mass on estimation of diffuse radiation is investigated. Inclusion of these along with hourly clearness index, leads to the development of a series of models for each site. Estimated values of hourly diffuse radiation are compared with measured values in terms of error statistics and indicators like, R2, mean bias deviation, root mean square deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. A new method called “the accuracy score system” is devised to assess the effect on accuracy with subsequent addition of each parameter and increase in complexity of equation. After an extensive evaluation procedure, extricate but adequate models are recommended as optimum for each of the nine sites. These models were found to be site dependent but the model types were fairly consistent for neighboring stations or locations with similar climates. Also, this study reveals a significant improvement from the conventional k-kt regression models to the presently proposed models.

Geometric Factors for Radiative Heat Transfer Through an Absorbing Medium in Cartesian Co-ordinates

1960 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Oppenheim ◽  
J. T. Bevans
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Radiation Beam ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Absorbing Medium ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Geometric Factors ◽  
Absorption Law ◽  
Dimensional Integral

Heat flux conveyed by diffuse radiation from surface A1 and A2 through an absorbing medium is expressed by the relation Q1−2=J1 ∫A1×A2f(l12)(cosθ1cosθ2/πl122)dA1dA2 where J1 is the radiosity of A1 (sum of the emitted, reflected, and transmitted flux per unit area), l12 is the radiation beam (the distance between surface elements dA1 and dA2), θ1 and θ2 are the angles between the radiation beam and the normals to the surface elements, and f(l12) is the function describing the absorption law. The foregoing four-dimensional integral is transformed into a sum of one-dimensional integrals for the cases of opposite-parallel and adjoining-perpendicular rectangles. The results are suitable for numerical integration with any total absorption law obtained from the actual distribution of monochromatic absorptivities over the whole spectrum.

scholarly journals Development of a semi-parametric PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) partitioning model for the United States, version 1.0

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2477-2484 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Kathilankal ◽  
T. L. O'Halloran ◽  
A. Schmidt ◽  
C. V. Hanson ◽  
B. E. Law
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Polynomial Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cubic Polynomial ◽  
Solar Elevation Angle

Abstract. A semi-parametric PAR diffuse radiation model was developed using commonly measured climatic variables from 108 site-years of data from 17 AmeriFlux sites. The model has a logistic form and improves upon previous efforts using a larger data set and physically viable climate variables as predictors, including relative humidity, clearness index, surface albedo and solar elevation angle. Model performance was evaluated by comparison with a simple cubic polynomial model developed for the PAR spectral range. The logistic model outperformed the polynomial model with an improved coefficient of determination and slope relative to measured data (logistic: R2 = 0.76; slope = 0.76; cubic: R2 = 0.73; slope = 0.72), making this the most robust PAR-partitioning model for the United States currently available.

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