Diagnostic Methods, Length of History and Survival Rate of Brain Tumor Patients in Childhood Before and After the Introduction of CT

1983 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
J. Holldack ◽  
C. Roosen ◽  
W. Havers
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Before And After

DUAL-ENERGY CT WITH XENON IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG PATHOLOGY. FIRST DATA

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
O. E. Karpov ◽  
O. Yu. Bronov ◽  
V. M. Kitaev ◽  
P. S. Vetshev ◽  
D. A. Pikhuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Preoperative Preparation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Postoperative Lung Function

Routine diagnostic methods have limitations in terms of predicting the ventilation function of the lungs before and after surgery. It was decided to investigate the possibilities of dual-energy CT (DECT) using xenon in assessment of lung ventilation function.Objective: to master the methods of examination of patients with pulmonary pathology, evaluate the possibility of justifying the volume of operative intervention and prediction of postoperative lung function based on the hybrid images.Materials and methods. For the study, 12 patients with different pulmonary pathologies were selected (COPD – 5, lung cancer – 4, bronchiectasis – 3). Results. It was found that the use of DECT with xenon reflects the functional state of lung tissue.Conclusions. DECT with xenon have potential for planning surgical intervention and introducing the method into modern protocols of preoperative preparation.

scholarly journals Genetic variants and cognitive functions in patients with brain tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise D Correa ◽  
Jaya Satagopan ◽  
Axel Martin ◽  
Erica Braun ◽  
Maria Kryza-Lacombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cycle Regulation

AbstractBackgroundPatients with brain tumors treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) often experience cognitive dysfunction. We reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE, COMT, and BDNF genes may influence cognition in brain tumor patients. In this study, we assessed whether genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), inflammation, cholesterol transport, dopamine and myelin regulation, and DNA repair may influence cognitive outcome in this population.MethodsOne hundred and fifty brain tumor patients treated with RT ± CT or CT alone completed a neurocognitive assessment and provided a blood sample for genotyping. We genotyped genes/SNPs in these pathways: (i) LOAD risk/inflammation/cholesterol transport, (ii) dopamine regulation, (iii) myelin regulation, (iv) DNA repair, (v) blood–brain barrier disruption, (vi) cell cycle regulation, and (vii) response to oxidative stress. White matter (WM) abnormalities were rated on brain MRIs.ResultsMultivariable linear regression analysis with Bayesian shrinkage estimation of SNP effects, adjusting for relevant demographic, disease, and treatment variables, indicated strong associations (posterior association summary [PAS] ≥ 0.95) among tests of attention, executive functions, and memory and 33 SNPs in genes involved in: LOAD/inflammation/cholesterol transport (eg, PDE7A, IL-6), dopamine regulation (eg, DRD1, COMT), myelin repair (eg, TCF4), DNA repair (eg, RAD51), cell cycle regulation (eg, SESN1), and response to oxidative stress (eg, GSTP1). The SNPs were not significantly associated with WM abnormalities.ConclusionThis novel study suggests that polymorphisms in genes involved in aging and inflammation, dopamine, myelin and cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair and response to oxidative stress may be associated with cognitive outcome in patients with brain tumors.

scholarly journals A Novel Language Paradigm for Intraoperative Language Mapping: Feasibility and Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Katharina Rosengarth ◽  
Delin Pai ◽  
Frank Dodoo-Schittko ◽  
Katharina Hense ◽  
Teele Tamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Awake Craniotomy ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Assessment Time ◽  
Neuropsychological Outcomes

(1) Background—Mapping language using direct cortical stimulation (DCS) during an awake craniotomy is difficult without using more than one language paradigm that particularly follows the demand of DCS by not exceeding the assessment time of 4 s to prevent intraoperative complications. We designed an intraoperative language paradigm by combining classical picture naming and verb generation, which safely engaged highly relevant language functions. (2) Methods—An evaluation study investigated whether a single trial of the language task could be performed in less than 4 s in 30 healthy subjects and whether the suggested language paradigm sufficiently pictured the cortical language network using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 12 healthy subjects. In a feasibility study, 24 brain tumor patients conducted the language task during an awake craniotomy. The patients’ neuropsychological outcomes were monitored before and after surgery. (3) Results—The fMRI results in healthy subjects showed activations in a language-associated network around the (left) sylvian fissure. Single language trials could be performed within 4 s. Intraoperatively, all tumor patients showed DCS-induced language errors while conducting the novel language task. Postoperatively, mild neuropsychological impairments appeared compared to the presurgical assessment. (4) Conclusions—These data support the use of a novel language paradigm that safely monitors highly relevant language functions intraoperatively, which can consequently minimize negative postoperative neuropsychological outcomes.

scholarly journals Patient-Specific Factors Drive Intensive Care Unit and Total Hospital Length of Stay in Operative Brain Tumor Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian E. Jimenez ◽  
Pavan P. Shah ◽  
Adham M. Khalafallah ◽  
Sakibul Huq ◽  
Jose L. Porras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Total Hospital ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Specific Factors

Benefit of Static FET PET in Pretreated Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients with Equivocal Conventional MRI Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Grosse ◽  
Florian Wedel ◽  
Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale ◽  
Ingo Steffen ◽  
Arend Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Pediatric Brain Tumor ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Fet Pet ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Pediatric Brain

Abstract Background MRI has shortcomings in differentiation between tumor tissue and post-therapeutic changes in pretreated brain tumor patients. Patients We assessed 22 static FET-PET/CT-scans of 17 pediatric patients (median age 12 years, range 2–16 years, ependymoma n=4, medulloblastoma n=4, low-grade glioma n=6, high-grade glioma n=3, germ cell tumor n=1, choroid plexus tumor n=1, median follow-up: 112 months) with multimodal treatment. Method FET-PET/CT-scans were analyzed visually by 3 independent nuclear medicine physicians. Additionally quantitative FET-Uptake for each lesion was determined by calculating standardized uptake values (SUVmaxT/SUVmeanB, SUVmeanT/SUVmeanB). Histology or clinical follow-up served as reference. Results Static FET-PET/CT reliably distinguished between tumor tissue and post-therapeutic changes in 16 out of 17 patients. It identified correctly vital tumor tissue in 13 patients and post-therapeutic changes in 3 patients. SUV-based analyses were less sensitive than visual analyses. Except from a choroid plexus carcinoma, all tumor entities showed increased FET-uptake. Discussion Our study comprises a limited number of patients but results corroborate the ability of FET to detect different brain tumor entities in pediatric patients and discriminate between residual/recurrent tumor and post-therapeutic changes. Conclusions We observed a clear benefit from additional static FET-PET/CT-scans when conventional MRI identified equivocal lesions in pretreated pediatric brain tumor patients. These results warrant prospective studies that should include dynamic scans.

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