Growth of Nerve Fibers to Merkel Cells Observed in Co-Culture of Sensory Ganglia and Sinus Hair Follicles

2003 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Jun Fukuda ◽  
Hisako Ishimine ◽  
Kazuko Keino-Masu ◽  
Yoshiaki Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sensory Ganglia ◽  
Merkel Cells

Localization of Merkel cells at hairless and hairy human skin sites using keratin 18

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Fradette ◽  
Marie-Josée Godbout ◽  
Martine Michel ◽  
Lucie Germain
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Skin Receptor ◽  
And Function

Merkel cells are neurosecretory cells of the skin with epithelial features such as desmosomes and expression of keratins 8, 18, 19, and 20. Merkel cells are scarcely distributed in adult human skin. Although they are present in hair follicles, their density is higher at hairless anatomic sites such as palms and soles. These cells are often innervated by sensory nerve fibers and are thought to be specialized mechanosensory skin receptor cells. However, their precise origin and function are not clearly established. The aim of this study was to localize Merkel cells in human hairless and hairy skin by immunohistochemistry with antibodies Ks18.174 and Ks19.1 directed against keratins 18 and 19, respectively. In glabrous skin of palm and sole, Merkel cells have been localized at the bottom of the rete ridges, in the epidermal basal layer. To study Merkel cell distribution at hairy anatomic sites, we have chosen breast skin, a tissue containing small hair follicles typical of those covering most of the body's surface. Merkel cells were present in the interfollicular epidermis. In hair follicles, they have been identified in the isthmus region.Key words: skin, human, Merkel cell, keratin, hair follicle.

Chondroid Syringoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 986-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Salama ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Chan K. Ma ◽  
Adrian Ormsby ◽  
Richard J. Zarbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Chondroid Syringoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Hair ◽  
Henry Ford ◽  
Adnexal Tumor ◽  
Normal Epidermis

Abstract Context.—Chondroid syringoma (CS) is a benign cutaneous adnexal tumor with epithelial and stromal components. Epithelial components derived from folliculo-sebaceous-apocrine germ are evident in apocrine but not in eccrine CS. Objectives.—To further characterize pilosebaceous differentiation and to identify the presence of Merkel cells in the areas of follicular differentiation. Design.—Histologic type, folliculo-sebaceous differentiation, character of stroma, and presence or absence of Merkel cells by cytokeratin (CK) 20 immunoreactivity were evaluated in 25 CSs (22 apocrine and 3 eccrine) from the surgical pathology files of Henry Ford Hospital (Detroit, Mich). Results.—Most CSs occurred in the head and neck region of patients aged 40 years or older. We found no significant difference in sex, age, or location between apocrine and eccrine types. The stroma varied from myxoid (100%) to chondroid (59%), with various amounts of fat (59%) and ossification identified in 2 cases (9%) of apocrine type, but was homogeneously myxoid in the eccrine type. Follicular and sebaceous differentiation was found in 64% and 32% of apocrine CSs, respectively. Only 2 (14%) apocrine CSs with follicular differentiation were positive for CK20 (a few scattered cells in one case and numerous grouped cells in the other in association with follicular epithelium). No correlation was found between type of stroma and the presence of Merkel cells. Scattered Merkel cells were identified in 83% of normal hair follicles and in 33.3% of normal epidermis. Conclusion.—A high proportion of apocrine CSs show folliculo-sebaceous differentiation. The presence of Merkel cells in foci of follicular differentiation of CS supports the hypothesis that Merkel cells may be an integral constituent of follicles. To our knowledge, the presence of Merkel cells in CS, particularly in proliferative form, has not been described previously in the literature.

scholarly journals Merkel disc is a serotonergic synapse in the epidermis for transmitting tactile signals in mammals

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (37) ◽  
pp. E5491-E5500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weipang Chang ◽  
Hirosato Kanda ◽  
Ryo Ikeda ◽  
Jennifer Ling ◽  
Jennifer J. DeBerry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Tactile Acuity ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Tactile Sensations ◽  
Environmental Exploration

The evolution of sensory systems has let mammals develop complicated tactile end organs to enable sophisticated sensory tasks, including social interaction, environmental exploration, and tactile discrimination. The Merkel disc, a main type of tactile end organ consisting of Merkel cells (MCs) and Aβ-afferent endings, are highly abundant in fingertips, touch domes, and whisker hair follicles of mammals. The Merkel disc has high tactile acuity for an object’s physical features, such as texture, shape, and edges. Mechanisms underlying the tactile function of Merkel discs are obscured as to how MCs transmit tactile signals to Aβ-afferent endings leading to tactile sensations. Using mouse whisker hair follicles, we show herein that tactile stimuli are transduced by MCs into excitatory signals that trigger vesicular serotonin release from MCs. We identify that both ionotropic and metabotropic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors are expressed on whisker Aβ-afferent endings and that their activation by serotonin released from MCs initiates Aβ-afferent impulses. Moreover, we demonstrate that these ionotropic and metabotropic 5-HT receptors have a synergistic effect that is critical to both electrophysiological and behavioral tactile responses. These findings elucidate that the Merkel disc is a unique serotonergic synapse located in the epidermis and plays a key role in tactile transmission. The epidermal serotonergic synapse may have important clinical implications in sensory dysfunctions, such as the loss of tactile sensitivity and tactile allodynia seen in patients who have diabetes, inflammatory diseases, and undergo chemotherapy. It may also have implications in the exaggerated tactile sensations induced by recreational drugs that act on serotoninergic synapses.

Spatial relationship between Merkel cells and Langerhans cells in human hair follicles

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Taira ◽  
Yutaka Narisawa ◽  
Jyunji Nakafusa ◽  
Noriyuki Misago ◽  
Tatsurou Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Human Hair ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Merkel Cells

scholarly journals Histomorphometrical Study on Regional Variation in Distribution of Sweat Glands in Buffalo Skin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Debajit Debbarma ◽  
Varinder Uppal ◽  
Neelam Bansal ◽  
Anuradha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Side ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Narrow Lumen ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Head Neck

The study was conducted on skin of 24 buffaloes collected from slaughter house. The skin tissues were collected from dorsal, lateral, and ventral parts of head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and tail regions and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The tissues were processed for paraffin blocks preparation by acetone benzene schedule. The paraffin sections of 5-6 μm were cut with rotary microtome and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The sweat glands in buffaloes were of saccular and simple coiled tubular type. Most of the sweat glands were associated with hair follicles and consisted of a coiled secretory portion (body) and a straight duct. The secretory portion was made up of glandular tubules, myoepithelium, and basement membrane. The duct portion had a narrow lumen and was lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. The glandular epithelium was simple squamous, simple cuboidal, or low columnar type depending upon their stage of secretary activity. Two types of sweat glands were observed, i.e., apocrine and merocrine. Large number of blood vessels and nerve fibers were observed in the vicinity of the sweat glands. In head, neck, and tail regions the maximum number of sweat glands/mm2 was observed in dorsal side which did not vary significantly (p<0.05) from lateral and ventral side. In abdomen region the number of sweat glands/mm2 was maximum on lateral region which varied significantly from ventral region (p<0.05). Overall, the maximum number of sweat glands/mm2 was in head region followed by abdomen, thorax, neck, and tail but without any significant (p<0.05) difference. Maximum sweat gland diameter was found in abdomen region followed by thorax, head, neck, and tail region.

scholarly journals Histology, lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure of interdigital gland in crossbred sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
S. Maya ◽  
A. R. Sreeranjini ◽  
C. Leena ◽  
N.S. Sunil Kumar ◽  
K.B. Sumena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Ulex Europaeus ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Interdigital Gland ◽  
Glandular Secretion

Abstract: Histology, lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure of interdigital gland in sheep was studied using six adult cross bred sheep of either sex collected from the Meat Technology Unit, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy. The manus and pes were detached from the rest of limbs and after recording the gross observations, the interdigital glands were fixed in 10 per cent neutral buffered formalin and processed for histological examinations. Stratified squamous epithelium with a prominent keratin layer lined the lumen, similar to the skin over the dorsal surface of manus and pes. The epidermis presented mucosal folds, which projected into the lumen. The dermis contained small sebaceous glands, hair follicles of different sizes, arrector pili muscles and apocrine sweat glands. The secretory epithelium of sweat glands was lined with a simple layer of cuboidal and relatively flattened cells. The excretory ducts of these glands were lined by cuboidal cells, with darker appearance than its secretory portion. The fibrous capsule was composed of dense connective tissue with collagen, adipose cells, blood vessels and nerve fibers. Glandular secretion and the granules in the stratum granolosum of the surface squamous epithelium showed positive reaction for lectin Ulex europaeus (UEA-I). The apocrine nature of sweat glands was revealed in the ultrastructural studies by scanning electron microscope. Keywords: Interdigital gland, sheep, histology, lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure

scholarly journals NEUROENDOCRINE AND MAST CELLS OF THE SKIN IN THE AREA OF ACUPUNCTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Guryanova ◽  
E S Deomidov
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Blue Dye

Objective. We studied mast cells and neuroendocrine cells of the skin of adults in the area of the acupuncture points (AP) and outside them. Material and methods. Using the Unna method (polychrome toluidine blue dye), mast cells were detected in the skin. Conducted immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin in order to identify neuroendocrine cells. Research results. Analyzed data on the distribution of mast cells in the skin in the area of the acupuncture points in an adult. It was revealed that the distribution of mast cells in the dermis and the hypodermis differs depending on the localization of the acupuncture point. Fat cells take in maintaining homeostasis and regulation of metabolism in the skin. NSE- and synaptophysin-positive cells were detected in the basal layer of the epidermis, in the area of the the muscles that raise the hair, in the area of the hair follicles; in the secretory terminal regions of the sweat glands, as well as outwards from the basement membrane of these regions between the myoepithelial cells. A part of the neuroendocrine cells is in contact with nerve waves. Expression of NSE and synaptophysin depends on AP localization. In AP of the skin of the abdomen and upper limb, a more pronounced expression of NSE and synaptophysin is observed than at the acupuncture points of the skin of the face. The expression of NSE in the structures of the skin in the area of the acupuncture points is more pronounced than the expression of synaptophysin. In the dermis revealed structureless spaces surrounded by mast cells, nerve fibers, blood vessels.

scholarly journals Umbilical Cord Teratoma: A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
A. N. Gansburgskii ◽  
A. V. Yal'tsev ◽  
A. R. Sleptsov ◽  
D. A. Sleptsova
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Solid Component ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Cystic Component ◽  
Increased Risk

The state of the stroma, blood vessels and the anatomical features of the umbilical cord are of direct diagnostic value, and various pathological changes can become the primary cause of fetal death. The frequency of umbilical cord tumors is not reliably known due to a very rare incidence: in the available literature there were reported about 19 cases.The aim of the study was to clinically and pathohistologically analyze a case of umbilical cord teratoma and to give an analytical review of recently reported cases.The material was obtained from a healthy 35-year-old woman with a third pregnancy. Combined ultrasound screening at the 20th week of pregnancy revealed a solid structure with cystic inclusions along the periphery on the umbilical cord. In the solid component, hyperechoic inclusions giving acoustic shadows were visualized; in the color Doppler imaging mode the neoplasm was avascular. A dead premature baby girl was born at 35th week. The cause of intrauterine fetal death was mechanical compression of the vessels of the umbilical cord by teratoma. Microscopic examination of the umbilical cord neoplasm in the area of the solid component demonstrated a pronounced development of the sebaceous glands, adipose tissue, myelinic nerve fibers, hair follicles; in the cystic component – epidermoid cysts. This evidenced about organismoid mature teratomas. Due to their rare incidence umbilical teratomas should be reported to better understand their pathomorphosis and impact on infant morbidity and mortality. Given the increased risk of concomitant malformations, the detection of an umbilical teratoma should be accompanied by a detailed and comprehensive examination of the newborn for additional pathologies.

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