Localization of Merkel cells at hairless and hairy human skin sites using keratin 18

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Fradette ◽  
Marie-Josée Godbout ◽  
Martine Michel ◽  
Lucie Germain
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Skin Receptor ◽  
And Function

Merkel cells are neurosecretory cells of the skin with epithelial features such as desmosomes and expression of keratins 8, 18, 19, and 20. Merkel cells are scarcely distributed in adult human skin. Although they are present in hair follicles, their density is higher at hairless anatomic sites such as palms and soles. These cells are often innervated by sensory nerve fibers and are thought to be specialized mechanosensory skin receptor cells. However, their precise origin and function are not clearly established. The aim of this study was to localize Merkel cells in human hairless and hairy skin by immunohistochemistry with antibodies Ks18.174 and Ks19.1 directed against keratins 18 and 19, respectively. In glabrous skin of palm and sole, Merkel cells have been localized at the bottom of the rete ridges, in the epidermal basal layer. To study Merkel cell distribution at hairy anatomic sites, we have chosen breast skin, a tissue containing small hair follicles typical of those covering most of the body's surface. Merkel cells were present in the interfollicular epidermis. In hair follicles, they have been identified in the isthmus region.Key words: skin, human, Merkel cell, keratin, hair follicle.

scholarly journals Markel Cell Carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (178) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wallis ◽  
A Durham-hall ◽  
N Tondon ◽  
TM Brotherstone ◽  
BM Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive neuroendocrine tumour of the skin with high rate of local recurrence and distant metastatic potential leading to poor outcomes. Merkel cells are normally found as innervated clusters of cells around hair follicles in the basal layer of the epidermis and are thought to function as touch receptors. Here, we describe a case of MCC in a 71-year-old female and provide an up-to-date review of the literature pertinent to the management of MCC. KEYWORDS: merkell cell carcinoma, diagnosis, imunohistochemistry, management.

Growth of Nerve Fibers to Merkel Cells Observed in Co-Culture of Sensory Ganglia and Sinus Hair Follicles

2003 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Jun Fukuda ◽  
Hisako Ishimine ◽  
Kazuko Keino-Masu ◽  
Yoshiaki Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sensory Ganglia ◽  
Merkel Cells

scholarly journals NEUROENDOCRINE AND MAST CELLS OF THE SKIN IN THE AREA OF ACUPUNCTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Guryanova ◽  
E S Deomidov
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Blue Dye

Objective. We studied mast cells and neuroendocrine cells of the skin of adults in the area of the acupuncture points (AP) and outside them. Material and methods. Using the Unna method (polychrome toluidine blue dye), mast cells were detected in the skin. Conducted immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin in order to identify neuroendocrine cells. Research results. Analyzed data on the distribution of mast cells in the skin in the area of the acupuncture points in an adult. It was revealed that the distribution of mast cells in the dermis and the hypodermis differs depending on the localization of the acupuncture point. Fat cells take in maintaining homeostasis and regulation of metabolism in the skin. NSE- and synaptophysin-positive cells were detected in the basal layer of the epidermis, in the area of the the muscles that raise the hair, in the area of the hair follicles; in the secretory terminal regions of the sweat glands, as well as outwards from the basement membrane of these regions between the myoepithelial cells. A part of the neuroendocrine cells is in contact with nerve waves. Expression of NSE and synaptophysin depends on AP localization. In AP of the skin of the abdomen and upper limb, a more pronounced expression of NSE and synaptophysin is observed than at the acupuncture points of the skin of the face. The expression of NSE in the structures of the skin in the area of the acupuncture points is more pronounced than the expression of synaptophysin. In the dermis revealed structureless spaces surrounded by mast cells, nerve fibers, blood vessels.

Distribution of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) on sensory nerve fibers and adnexal structures in human skin

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Ständer ◽  
Martin Schmelz ◽  
Dieter Metze ◽  
Thomas Luger ◽  
Roman Rukwied
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor 1

scholarly journals The cellular basis of mechanosensory Merkel-cell innervation during development

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair A Jenkins ◽  
Natalia M Fontecilla ◽  
Catherine P Lu ◽  
Elaine Fuchs ◽  
Ellen A Lumpkin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Skin Development ◽  
Cellular Basis ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Dermal Cells ◽  
Touch Dome

Touch sensation is initiated by mechanosensory neurons that innervate distinct skin structures; however, little is known about how these neurons are patterned during mammalian skin development. We explored the cellular basis of touch-receptor patterning in mouse touch domes, which contain mechanosensory Merkel cell-neurite complexes and abut primary hair follicles. At embryonic stage 16.5 (E16.5), touch domes emerge as patches of Merkel cells and keratinocytes clustered with a previously unsuspected population of Bmp4-expressing dermal cells. Epidermal Noggin overexpression at E14.5 disrupted touch-dome formation but not hair-follicle specification, demonstrating a temporally distinct requirement for BMP signaling in placode-derived structures. Surprisingly, two neuronal populations preferentially targeted touch domes during development but only one persisted in mature touch domes. Finally, Keratin-17-expressing keratinocytes but not Merkel cells were necessary to establish innervation patterns during development. These findings identify key cell types and signaling pathways required for targeting Merkel-cell afferents to discrete mechanosensory compartments.

scholarly journals Dermal Pericytes Exhibit Declined Ability to Promote Human Skin Regeneration with Ageing in 3D Organotypic Culture Models

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3051
Author(s):  
Lizhe Zhuang ◽  
Rahul M. Visalakshan ◽  
Pritinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dermal Cells ◽  
Epidermal Regeneration

The well documented decline in the regenerative ability of ageing human skin has been attributed to many factors including genomic instability, telomere shortening, poor nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, and stem cell exhaustion. However, a role for the dermal cellular and molecular microenvironment in skin ageing is just emerging. We previously showed that dermal pericytes co-operate with fibroblasts to improve human skin regeneration in an organotypic skin culture model, and even do so in the absence of fibroblasts. Here, we report that the number of dermal cells, particularly pericytes, declines significantly in human skin of donors aged > 50 years. Notably, aged pericytes promoted epidermal regeneration of neonatal keratinocytes in organotypic cultures and the resulting epithelium exhibited a Ki67+/ΔNp63+ basal layer and terminal differentiation. However, the epithelium lacked several features of homeostasis displaying lower levels of ΔNp63 expression, decreased LAMA5 deposition at the dermo-epidermal junction, and the absence of basement membrane and hemi-desmosome assembly. We conclude that a decline in pericyte incidence and function contribute to an impaired epidermal microenvironment and poor skin regeneration with ageing in the human skin.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study of the Influence of Sensory Nerve Fibers on Merkel Cell Differentiation in the Labial Mucosa of the Rabbits

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamiko TACHIBANA ◽  
Yasunori SAKAKURA ◽  
Kiyoto ISHIZEKI ◽  
Shuichi IIDA ◽  
Tokio NAWA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Merkel Cell

scholarly journals 425 Mast cells survival and maturation in human skin are regulated and maintained by sensory nerve fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. S75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chéret ◽  
L. Ponce ◽  
C. Le Gall-Ianotto ◽  
L. Misery ◽  
M. Bertolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers

scholarly journals Generation of Skin Organoids: Potential Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Yi-Xuan Zhang ◽  
Yu-Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Skin Substitutes ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Cell Microenvironment ◽  
And Function

Although several types of human skin substitutes are currently available, they usually do not include important skin appendages such as hair follicles and sweat glands, or various skin-related cells, such as dermal adipocytes and sensory neurons. This highlights the need to improve the in vitro human skin generation model for use as a tool for investigating skin diseases and as a source of cells or tissues for skin regeneration. Skin organoids are generated from stem cells and are expected to possess the complexity and function of natural skin. Here, we summarize the current literatures relating to the “niches” of the local skin stem cell microenvironment and the formation of skin organoids, and then discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with multifunctional skin organoids.

Merkel Tactile Cells of the Human Embryo Nail

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 546-547
Author(s):  
K. Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Nail Matrix

The Merkel tactile cell of the human skin has mainly been described in association with the Haarscheibe (hair disc) in the part of the body where lanugo hairs are present. In the present survey a number of Merkel cells were found in the nail matrix of 15-18 weeks old human embryos (figs. 1,2). Dorsal matrix contained more cells than the ventral half. It was also found in the perivascular spaces of the finger of the same embryos (fig. 3). In both locations nerve endings rich in mitochondria and synaptic vesicles were in direct contact with the Merkel cell (figs. 1-3). In the nail matrix the Merkel cell was most commonly found within or just above the basal layer. Less frequently, they were present in the upper dermis. Such dermal Merkel cells were completely covered with basal lamina suggesting that they were projecting downward from the basal layer. Occasionally, two cells with centrioles were seen side by side suggesting that one of them was produced from the other by mitosis (fig. 1).

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