Some reflections on iron dependent free radical damage in the central nervous system

1993 ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Götz ◽  
A. Dirr ◽  
W. Gsell ◽  
R. Burger ◽  
A. Freyberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radical Damage

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Decline: The Neuroprotective Role of Natural Antioxidants

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Franzoni ◽  
Giorgia Scarfò ◽  
Sara Guidotti ◽  
Jonathan Fusi ◽  
Muzaffar Asomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radical Damage

Free- radicals (Oxygen and Nitrogen species) are formed in mitochondria during the oxidative phosphorylation. Their high reactivity, due to not-engaged electrons, leads to an increase of the oxidative stress. This condition affects above all the brain, that usually needs a large oxygen amount and in which there is the major possibility to accumulate “Reacting Species.” Antioxidant molecules are fundamental in limiting free-radical damage, in particular in the central nervous system: the oxidative stress, in fact, seems to worsen the course of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to sum up natural antioxidant molecules with the greatest neuroprotective properties against free radical genesis, understanding their relationship with the Central Nervous System.

Concluding remarks: a prospective view of active oxygen in medicine

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1425-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petkau
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Active Oxygen ◽  
Radical Reactions ◽  
Free Radical Reactions ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Rational Therapy ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radical Processes

Factors are identified that influence the initiation, propagation, and efficiency of free-radical processes, or that ameliorate or mask them. Major biochemical disruptions of the ischemic myocardium or the central nervous system are cited for their underlying free-radical reactions. Encouraging attempts at rational therapy of disease having a free-radical component are referenced.

scholarly journals Inflammation, Iron, Energy Failure, and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Haider
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Energy Failure

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Different trigger pathologies have been suggested by the primary cytodegenerative “inside-out” and primary inflammation-driven “outside-in” hypotheses. Recent data indicate that mitochondrial injury and subsequent energy failure are key factors in the induction of demyelination and neurodegeneration. The brain weighs only a few percent of the body mass but accounts for approximately 20% of the total basal oxygen consumption of mitochondria. Oxidative stress induces mitochondrial injury in patients with multiple sclerosis and energy failure in the central nervous system of susceptible individuals. The interconnected mechanisms responsible for free radical production in patients with multiple sclerosis are as follows: (i) inflammation-induced production of free radicals by activated immune cells, (ii) liberation of iron from the myelin sheets during demyelination, and (iii) mitochondrial injury and thus energy failure-related free radical production. In the present review, the different sources of oxidative stress and their relationships to patients with multiple sclerosis considering tissue injury mechanisms and clinical aspects have been discussed.

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