scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Decline: The Neuroprotective Role of Natural Antioxidants

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Franzoni ◽  
Giorgia Scarfò ◽  
Sara Guidotti ◽  
Jonathan Fusi ◽  
Muzaffar Asomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Radical Damage

Free- radicals (Oxygen and Nitrogen species) are formed in mitochondria during the oxidative phosphorylation. Their high reactivity, due to not-engaged electrons, leads to an increase of the oxidative stress. This condition affects above all the brain, that usually needs a large oxygen amount and in which there is the major possibility to accumulate “Reacting Species.” Antioxidant molecules are fundamental in limiting free-radical damage, in particular in the central nervous system: the oxidative stress, in fact, seems to worsen the course of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to sum up natural antioxidant molecules with the greatest neuroprotective properties against free radical genesis, understanding their relationship with the Central Nervous System.

Potential neuroprotective role of astroglial exosomes against smoking-induced oxidative stress and HIV-1 replication in the central nervous system

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 703-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Ranjit ◽  
Benjamin J. Patters ◽  
Kelli A. Gerth ◽  
Sanjana Haque ◽  
Sanjeev Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Inflammation, Iron, Energy Failure, and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Haider
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Energy Failure

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Different trigger pathologies have been suggested by the primary cytodegenerative “inside-out” and primary inflammation-driven “outside-in” hypotheses. Recent data indicate that mitochondrial injury and subsequent energy failure are key factors in the induction of demyelination and neurodegeneration. The brain weighs only a few percent of the body mass but accounts for approximately 20% of the total basal oxygen consumption of mitochondria. Oxidative stress induces mitochondrial injury in patients with multiple sclerosis and energy failure in the central nervous system of susceptible individuals. The interconnected mechanisms responsible for free radical production in patients with multiple sclerosis are as follows: (i) inflammation-induced production of free radicals by activated immune cells, (ii) liberation of iron from the myelin sheets during demyelination, and (iii) mitochondrial injury and thus energy failure-related free radical production. In the present review, the different sources of oxidative stress and their relationships to patients with multiple sclerosis considering tissue injury mechanisms and clinical aspects have been discussed.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress-Mediated Aging during the Fetal and Perinatal Periods

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Marseglia ◽  
Gabriella D’Angelo ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Teresa Arrigo ◽  
Ignazio Barberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Radical Damage ◽  
In Pregnancy

Oxidative stress is worldwide recognized as a fundamental component of the aging, a process that begins before birth. There is a critical balance between free radical generation and antioxidant defenses. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the ability of antioxidant system to detoxify them. Oxidative stress can occur early in pregnancy and continue in the postnatal period; this damage is implicated in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related disorders, including recurrent pregnancy loss, preeclampsia and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Moreover, diseases of the neonatal period such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, and periventricular leukomalacia are related to free radical damage. The specific contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis and progression of these neonatal diseases is only partially understood. This review summarizes what is known about the role of oxidative stress in pregnancy and in the pathogenesis of common disorders of the newborn, as a component of the early aging process.

scholarly journals The Role of Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tâmara Coimbra Diniz ◽  
Juliane Cabral Silva ◽  
Sarah Raquel Gomes de Lima-Saraiva ◽  
Fernanda Pires Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro ◽  
Alessandra Gomes Marques Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Free Radical Production ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Benzodiazepine Site

Backgrounds. Oxidative stress can result from excessive free-radical production and it is likely implicated as a possible mechanism involved in the initiation and progression of epileptogenesis. Flavonoids can protect the brain from oxidative stress. In the central nervous system (CNS) several flavonoids bind to the benzodiazepine site on the GABAA-receptor resulting in anticonvulsive effects.Objective. This review provides an overview about the role of flavonoids in oxidative stress in epilepsy. The mechanism of action of flavonoids and its relation to the chemical structure is also discussed.Results/Conclusions. There is evidence that suggests that flavonoids have potential for neuroprotection in epilepsy.

Role of a nurse in the rehabilitation of children using ReviMotion hardware and software complex

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
T. Shirshova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
School Age ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Disorders of the musculoskeletal system in school-age children occupy 1-2 places in the structure of functional abnormalities. Cognitive impairment without organic damage to the central nervous system is detected in 30-56% of healthy school children. Along with the increase in the incidence rate, the demand for rehabilitation systems, which allow patients to return to normal life as soon as possible and maintain the motivation for the rehabilitation process, is also growing. Adaptation of rehabilitation techniques, ease of equipment management, availability of specially trained personnel and availability of technical support for complexes becomes important.

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