Chemoreceptor Neoplasia: Comparative Features in Laboratory Animals Domestic Animals, and Man

1989 ◽  
pp. 183-201
Author(s):  
Bernard Sass ◽  
Howard M. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals

scholarly journals Trypanosome diseases of domestic animals in Nyasaland. II. —Trypanosoma capræ (Kleine)

1913 ◽  
Vol 86 (587) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Large Round

This species belongs to the vivax group, which consists of three species:— Trypanosoma uniforme, T. vivax , and T. capræ . They are all characterised by their extreme motility; clear cell contents; large, round, terminal micronucleus; and lastly, by the fact that the vivax group only infects cattle, goats, and sheep, and is harmless to the smaller laboratory animals. All three develop in the proboscis of the tsetse flies and not in the alimentary tract, as do other pathogenic trypanosomes. T. vivax is stated to be pathogenic to horses, mules, and donkeys, but there has been no opportunity of testing these animals at Kasu with T. capræ .

scholarly journals Central and peripheral administration of kisspeptin activates gonadotropin but not somatotropin secretion in prepubertal gilts

Reproduction ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay A Lents ◽  
Neely L Heidorn ◽  
C Richard Barb ◽  
J Joe Ford
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Somatotropic Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Dose Dependent

It is well established that kisspeptin signaling is necessary for the onset of puberty in laboratory animals. However, the role that kisspeptin may have in regulating puberty in large domestic animals is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that either central or peripheral infusion of kisspeptin would stimulate gonadotropin and GH secretion in prepubertal gilts. In experiment 1, prepubertal gilts were fitted with i.c.v. cannula and indwelling jugular catheters. Animals were randomly assigned to receive 0, 10, or 100 μg kisspeptin in saline. In experiment 2, prepubertal gilts, fitted with indwelling jugular catheters, randomly received 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 mg kisspeptin in saline intravenously. Serial blood samples were collected every 15 min for 3 h before and 5 h after infusions, and serum concentrations of LH, FSH, and GH were determined. Mean concentrations of LH and FSH remained at basal levels for control animals but were increased (P<0.001) for animals receiving i.c.v. infusion of kisspeptin. Area under the LH and FSH curves following i.c.v. infusion of kisspeptin increased (P<0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. Concentrations of GH were unaffected by i.c.v. treatment. Peripheral administration of kisspeptin increased (P<0.05) serum concentrations of LH but not FSH or GH. Thus, kisspeptin can activate gonadotropic but not somatotropic hormone secretion in prepubertal gilts. The present data support the concept that kisspeptin plays a role in the mechanism involved in initiating puberty in swine.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Quantitative UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Alpha-Chloralose in Feline Blood and Application on Blood Samples Collected From Cats With Symptoms of Alpha-Chloralose Poisoning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrika Windahl ◽  
Sandra Lundgren ◽  
Margareta Sprycha ◽  
Cecilia Tegner ◽  
Kristoffer Dreimanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Alpha Chloralose ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Clinical Cases

Abstract Alpha-chloralose (AC) is used as a rodenticide as well as an anaesthetic agent in laboratory animals. It was previously also used as an avicide. Detection of AC in blood samples or post-mortem in body tissues is key for diagnosis of clinical cases and a requirement for surveillance of secondary toxicosis, including potential cases in wild animals. Reports on poisoning of humans and non-laboratory animals confirmed by detection of AC or its metabolites are available, although rarely on domestic animals. Furthermore, reports on clinical cases in domestic animals rarely report quantifications of AC in blood or body tissues. The present study describes the validation of a quantitative UHPLC-MS/MS method that can be used in cases of suspected AC poisoning in cats. The validation study showed the method to be fit for purpose. In serum the limit of quantification was 100 ng/mL and the limit of detection 30 ng/mL. The new analytical method was applied on blood samples collected from 20 individual cats with a preliminary clinical diagnosis of acute AC poisoning. Alpha-chloralose was confirmed in all 20 feline blood samples, and the concentration range of AC was 538 -17 500 ng/mL. The quantitative method developed in this study was found to be a fast and selective method for confirmation of AC poisoning using blood samples from cats.

scholarly journals An Over View of Feline Dermatophytosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Wisal, G. Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
The World ◽  
Rodent Prey

Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of hair and keratinized layers of the epidermis and is caused by keratinophilic and keratinolytic genera such as Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. It is an endemic infection in many countries throughout the world affecting companion animals (dogs, cats), domestic animals (calves), and laboratory animals (rabbits) as well as humans. In cats M. canis is responsible for approximately 98% of the observed dermatophyte infections in indoor cats, whereas cats carrying T. mentagrophytes are usually hunters, indicating that the natural source of this species is either the soil or rodent prey.

scholarly journals Laboratory aspects of Lyme borreliosis.

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Barbour
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Diagnostic Assay ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Arthritic Joint ◽  
Chronic Meningitis

Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease), a common tick-borne disorder of people and domestic animals in North America and Europe, is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Following the discovery and initial propagation of this agent in 1981 came revelations that other tick-associated infectious disorders are but different forms of Lyme borreliosis. A challenge for the clinician and microbiology laboratory is confirmation that a skin rash, a chronic meningitis, an episode of myocarditis, or an arthritic joint is the consequence of B. burgdorferi infection. The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis may be established by (i) directly observing the spirochete in host fluid or tissue, (ii) recovering the etiologic spirochete from the patient in culture medium or indirectly through inoculation of laboratory animals, or (iii) carrying out serologic tests with the patient's serum or cerebrospinal fluid. The last method, while lacking in discriminatory power, is the most efficacious diagnostic assay for most laboratories at present.

scholarly journals Respiratory and Systemic Toxicity of Inhaled Artificial Asian Sand Dust in Pigs

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Keon Kim ◽  
Seon-Deuk Kim ◽  
Tae-Hoon Shin ◽  
Chun-Sik Bae ◽  
Taeho Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Asian Sand Dust ◽  
Sand Dust

Air pollution, particularly caused by Asian sand dust (ASD) and particulate matter (PM), has become one of the leading threats to public health. However, the majority of studies have primarily focused on epidemiological assessment, and in vivo toxicities of certain air pollutants have been poorly elucidated in medium/large-size laboratory animals. To investigate the impact of ASD in domestic animals, 16 Landrace pigs were exposed to an artificial ASD sandstorm for 6 h. All animals were divided in four cages, and a commercial yellow soil was used for generating artificial mineralogical particles. Blood samples were collected, and necropsies were performed before exposure and 6, 12, 24, and 72 h after exposure. Complete blood cell count and the levels of serum biochemical enzymes, blood gas, electrolytes, and a variety of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. In addition, histopathological examination was conducted. Various test results proved acute lower airway disorders with systemic inflammation in pigs. To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe experimental research in domestic animals concerning the damage caused by artificial ASD exposure. The results of this study suggest that ASD has importance in terms of not only public health but also of ultimate economic losses in the pork industry.

scholarly journals Trypanosome diseases of domestic animals in Uganda. V.— Trypanosoma nanum (Laveran)

1911 ◽  
Vol 83 (563) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals

Only two cattle (Experiments 503 and 1118) examined by the Commission at Mpumu were found to harbour this trypanosome in their blood. Both came from the Uganda Company’s estate at Namukekera, some fifty miles from Lake Victoria, and both had become infected on the estate. This species differed from Trypanosoma peeorum in that it did not affect the smaller laboratory animals, such as monkeys, dogs, rats, or mice. Guinea-pigs were also refractory to the disease. Horses, mules, donkeys, and rabbits were not available at Mpumu, so that it is impossible to say what would have been the effect of inoculation in them. Oxen and goats were inoculable, but the only sheep experimented on failed to become infected, although inoculated with the same blood which infected a goat.

scholarly journals The Tonsils Revisited: Review of the Anatomical Localization and Histological Characteristics of the Tonsils of Domestic and Laboratory Animals

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Casteleyn ◽  
Sofie Breugelmans ◽  
Paul Simoens ◽  
Wim Van den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
Histological Images ◽  
Histological Characteristics

This paper gives an overview of the anatomical localization and histological characteristics of the tonsils that are present in ten conventional domestic animal species, including the sheep, goat, ox, pig, horse, dog, cat, rabbit, rat, and pigeon. Anatomical macrographs and histological images of the tonsils are shown. Six tonsils can be present in domestic animals, that is, the lingual, palatine, paraepiglottic, pharyngeal, and tubal tonsils and the tonsil of the soft palate. Only in the sheep and goat, all six tonsils are present. Proper tonsils are absent in the rat, and pigeon. In the rabbit, only the palatine tonsils can be noticed, whereas the pig does not present palatine tonsils. The paraepiglottic tonsils lack in the ox, horse, and dog. In addition, the dog and cat are devoid of the tubal tonsil and the tonsil of the soft palate.

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