DNA Binding Properties of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor/c-erbA Protein and Its Viral Homologue P75gag-v-erbA

1990 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Björn Vennström ◽  
Jan Sap ◽  
Jackie Schmitt ◽  
Douglas Forrest ◽  
Alberto Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Dna Binding Properties

scholarly journals A novel orphan receptor specific for a subset of thyroid hormone-responsive elements and its interaction with the retinoid/thyroid hormone receptor subfamily.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 7025-7035 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Apfel ◽  
D Benbrook ◽  
E Lernhardt ◽  
M A Ortiz ◽  
G Salbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Orphan Receptor ◽  
Retinoid Receptor

The steroid/hormone nuclear receptor superfamily comprises several subfamilies of receptors that interact with overlapping DNA sequences and/or related ligands. The thyroid/retinoid hormone receptor subfamily has recently attracted much interest because of the complex network of its receptor interactions. The retinoid X receptors (RXRs), for instance, play a very central role in this subfamily, forming heterodimers with several receptors. Here we describe a novel member of this subfamily that interacts with RXR. Using a v-erbA probe, we obtained a cDNA which encodes a novel 445-amino-acid protein, RLD-1, that contains the characteristic domains of nuclear receptors. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that in mature rats, the receptor is highly expressed in spleen, pituitary, lung, liver, and fat. In addition, weaker expression is observed in several other tissues. Amino acid sequence alignment and DNA-binding data revealed that the DNA-binding domain of the new receptor is related to that of the thyroid/retinoid subgroup of nuclear receptors. RLD-1 preferentially binds as a heterodimer with RXR to a direct repeat of the half-site sequence 5'-G/AGGTCA-3', separated by four nucleotides (DR-4). Surprisingly, this binding is dependent to a high degree on the nature of the spacing nucleotides. None of the known nuclear receptor ligands activated RLD-1. In contrast, a DR-4-dependent constitutive transcriptional activation of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene by the RLD-1/RXR alpha heterodimer was observed. Our data suggest a highly specific role for this novel receptor within the network of gene regulation by the thyroid/retinoid receptor subfamily.

scholarly journals The role of thyroid hormone receptor DNA binding in negative thyroid hormone-mediated gene transcription

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Wulf ◽  
Marianne G Wetzel ◽  
Maxim Kebenko ◽  
Meike Kröger ◽  
Angelika Harneit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Chimeric Protein ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Thyroid hormone 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine (T3) regulates gene expression in a positive and negative manner. Here, we analyzed the regulation of a positively (mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and negatively T3-regulated target gene (TSHα). Thyroid hormone receptor (TR) activates mGPDH but not TSH promoter fragments in a mammalian one-hybrid assay. Furthermore, we investigated functional consequences of targeting TR to DNA independent of its own DNA-binding domain (DBD). Using a chimeric fusion protein of the DBD of yeast transcription factor Gal4 with TR, we demonstrated a positive regulation of gene transcription in response to T3. T3-mediated activation of this chimeric protein is further increased after an introduction of point mutations within the DBD of TR. Moreover, we investigated the capacity of TR to negatively regulate gene transcription on a DNA-tethered cofactor platform. A direct binding of TR to DNA via its own DBD is dispensable in this assay. We investigated functional consequences of point mutations affecting different domains of TR. Our data indicate that the DBD of TR plays a key role in direct DNA binding on positively but not on negatively T3-regulated target genes. Nevertheless, the DBD is involved in mediating negative gene regulation independent of its capacity to bind DNA.

Differential DNA binding by monomeric, homodimeric, and potentially heteromeric forms of the thyroid hormone receptor

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 5005-5015
Author(s):  
M A Lazar ◽  
T J Berrodin ◽  
H P Harding
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Apparent Size ◽  
Binding Forms

Binding of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) to thyroid hormone-responsive elements (TREs) is crucial for regulation of gene expression by thyroid hormone. The TR binds to each half-site of a palindromic TRE separately, as a monomer, or simultaneously, as a homodimer. In addition, the TR monomer interacts with a 42-kDa protein that may be responsible for an increase in the apparent size and stability of the TR-TRE complex after incubation with liver nuclear extract. The multiple DNA-binding forms of the TR contact the TRE differently but compete for binding in a dynamic equilibrium which is highly dependent on the relative concentrations of TR and nuclear protein. Thus, protein-protein interactions are likely to determine the context in which the TR binds to target genes and regulates the transcriptional response to thyroid hormone.

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormone Receptor DNA Binding Is Required for Both Positive and Negative Gene Regulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. 732-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Shibusawa ◽  
Anthony N. Hollenberg ◽  
Fredric E. Wondisford
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Negative Gene
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