Hot and Cold Gas in Early-Type Galaxies: A Comparison of X-Ray, HI and Far Infrared Emission

AbstractIn this study, we analysed active galactic nuclei in the “green valley” by comparing active and non-active galaxies using data from the COSMOS field. We found that most of our X-ray detected active galactic nuclei with far-infrared emission have star formation rates higher than the ones of normal galaxies of the same stellar mass range.

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Far-infrared emission from the bulges of early-type spirals: KAO observations of NGC 4736 (M94) and NGC 3627 (M66)

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1086/173965 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 425 ◽

pp. 91 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Beverly J. Smith ◽

P. M. Harvey ◽

C. Colome ◽

C. Y. Zhang ◽

J. Difrancesco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Far Infrared ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Early Type

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Effect of nano-sized cerium–zirconium oxide solid solution on far-infrared emission properties of tourmaline powders

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984915501833 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (30) ◽

pp. 1550183 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bin Guo ◽

Liqing Yang ◽

Weijie Hu ◽

Wenlong Li ◽

Haojing Wang

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Reference Sample ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Emission Property ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Xps Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Emission Properties

Far-infrared functional nanocomposites were prepared by the co-precipitation method using natural tourmaline [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or vacancy; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]; and [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text] powders, ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate and zirconium(IV) nitrate pentahydrate as raw materials. The reference sample, tourmaline modified with ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate alone was also prepared by a similar precipitation route. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that tourmaline modified with Ce and Zr has a better far-infrared emission property than tourmaline modified with Ce alone. Through characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the mechanism for oxygen evolution during the heat process in the two composite materials was systematically studied. The XPS spectra show that [Formula: see text] ratio inside tourmaline modified with Ce alone can be raised by doping Zr. Moreover, it is showed that there is a higher [Formula: see text] ratio inside the tourmaline modified with Ce and Zr than tourmaline modified with Ce alone. In addition, XRD results indicate the formation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] crystallites during the heat treatment and further TEM observations show they exist as nanoparticles on the surface of tourmaline powders. Based on these results, we attribute the improved far-infrared emission properties of Ce–Zr doped tourmaline to the enhanced unit cell shrinkage of the tourmaline arisen from much more oxidation of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] inside the tourmaline caused by the change in the catalyst redox properties of [Formula: see text] brought about by doping with [Formula: see text]. In all samples, tourmaline modified with 7.14 wt.% Ce and 1.86 wt.% Zr calcined at 800[Formula: see text]C for 5 h has the best far-infrared emission property with the maximum emissivity value of 98%.

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Cold gas in a complete sample of group-dominant early-type galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/201833580 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 618 ◽

pp. A126 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

E. O’Sullivan ◽

F. Combes ◽

P. Salomé ◽

L.P. David ◽

A. Babul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virgo Cluster ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Molecular Gas ◽

Early Type ◽

Radio Luminosity ◽

Dominant Group ◽

Gas Reservoirs ◽

X Ray ◽

Using Data ◽

Cold Gas

We present IRAM 30 m and APEX telescope observations of CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) lines in 36 group-dominant early-type galaxies, completing our molecular gas survey of dominant galaxies in the Complete Local-volume Groups Sample. We detect CO emission in 12 of the galaxies at > 4σ significance, with molecular gas masses in the range ∼ 0.01 − 6 × 108 M⊙, as well as CO in absorption in the non-dominant group member galaxy NGC 5354. In total 21 of the 53 CLoGS dominant galaxies are detected in CO and we confirm our previous findings that they have low star formation rates (0.01–1 M⊙yr−1) but short depletion times (>1 Gyr) implying rapid replenishment of their gas reservoirs. Comparing molecular gas mass with radio luminosity, we find that a much higher fraction of our group-dominant galaxies (60 ± 16%) are AGN-dominated than is the case for the general population of ellipticals, but that there is no clear connection between radio luminosity and the molecular gas mass. Using data from the literature, we find that at least 27 of the 53 CLoGS dominant galaxies contain H I, comparable to the fraction of nearby non-cluster early type galaxies detected in H I and significantly higher that the fraction in the Virgo cluster. We see no correlation between the presence of an X-ray detected intra-group medium and molecular gas in the dominant galaxy, but find that the H I-richest galaxies are located in X-ray faint groups. Morphological data from the literature suggests the cold gas component most commonly takes the form of a disk, but many systems show evidence of galaxy-galaxy interactions, indicating that they may have acquired their gas through stripping or mergers. We provide improved molecular gas mass estimates for two galaxies previously identified as being in the centres of cooling flows, NGC 4636 and NGC 5846, and find that they are relatively molecular gas poor compared to our other detected systems.

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Submillimeter and Far Infrared Emission from Solar Flares

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900124325 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 154 ◽

pp. 103-112

Author(s):

Vahé Petrosian

Keyword(s):

Brightness Temperature ◽

Solar Flares ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Impulsive Phase ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Synchrotron Emission ◽

X Ray ◽

Quiet Sun ◽

Hot Plasma

The mechanisms for emission in the submillimeter and far-infrared (1011 and 1013 Hz) regions by solar flares and expected fluxes at these frequencies are described and evaluated. These inferences are based on observations of flare emission at other frequencies and on models for these emissions. In the impulsive phase, non-thermal synchrotron emission by electrons responsible for > 10 MeV gamma-ray emission can give rise to significant radiation in the 1011 to 1013 Hz region from large flares. Free-free or thermal gyrosynchrotron from the hot plasma responsible for the gradual soft X-ray emission can produce significant radiation in the 1011 to 1013 Hz range. However, only radiation in the lower end of this range would have a brightness temperature exceeding the quiet sun brightness.

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TheSpitzerSurvey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Far‐Infrared Emission and Cold Gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1086/511150 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 658 (2) ◽

pp. 1027-1046 ◽

Cited By ~ 156

Author(s):

Adam Leroy ◽

Alberto Bolatto ◽

Snezana Stanimirovic ◽

Norikazu Mizuno ◽

Frank Israel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Far Infrared ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Magellanic Cloud ◽

Small Magellanic Cloud ◽

Cold Gas

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Structure and Properties Research of Multi-Antibacterial Polyamide Fibers

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.331.179 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 331 ◽

pp. 179-183

Author(s):

Wei Wei Sun ◽

Hua Zhang ◽

Yong Kai Zhou

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxygen Ions ◽

Polyamide Fibers ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Structure Properties

To explore the effect of multi-antibacterial powders on the polyamide fibers, we analyzed the structure and properties of the polyamide fibers in this paper, which have features of antibacterial, far-infrared emission and negative oxygen ions emission. The effects of adding multi-antibacterial power were tested by Scanning Electron Microscopy and spectrum tests, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Our data indicated that multi-antibacterial polyamide fibers have excellent antibacterial effect, good far-infrared emission and the negative oxygen ions emission features, while have little affect on polyamide fibers’ structure properties.

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The components of mid- and far-infrared emission from S0 and early-type shell galaxies

The Astronomical Journal ◽

10.1086/114987 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 363 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Harley A., Jr. Thronson ◽

John Bally ◽

Perry Hacking

Keyword(s):

Far Infrared ◽

Infrared Emission ◽

Early Type

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