Social Isolation and Attitudes Towards Stress: A Behavioral Trap for Patients After Myocardial Infarction

1985 ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
A. Eder ◽  
G. Czerwenka-Wenkstetten ◽  
M. Niederberger
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Social Isolation

scholarly journals Social isolation and loneliness as risk factors for myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality: UK Biobank cohort study of 479 054 men and women

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 1536-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hakulinen ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Mika Kivimäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo examine whether social isolation and loneliness (1) predict acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke among those with no history of AMI or stroke, (2) are related to mortality risk among those with a history of AMI or stroke, and (3) the extent to which these associations are explained by known risk factors or pre-existing chronic conditions.MethodsParticipants were 479 054 individuals from the UK Biobank. The exposures were self-reported social isolation and loneliness. AMI, stroke and mortality were the outcomes.ResultsOver 7.1 years, 5731 had first AMI, and 3471 had first stroke. In model adjusted for demographics, social isolation was associated with higher risk of AMI (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.3 to –1.55) and stroke (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.54). When adjusted for all the other risk factors, the HR for AMI was attenuated by 84% to 1.07 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.16) and the HR for stroke was attenuated by 83% to 1.06 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.19). Loneliness was associated with higher risk of AMI before (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.64) but attenuated considerably with adjustments (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.17). This was also the case for stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.55 before and HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.19 after adjustments). Social isolation, but not loneliness, was associated with increased mortality in participants with a history of AMI (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.51) or stroke (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.61) in the fully adjusted model.ConclusionsIsolated and lonely persons are at increased risk of AMI and stroke, and, among those with a history of AMI or stroke, increased risk of death. Most of this risk was explained by conventional risk factors.

scholarly journals Effects of lockdown on acute coronary syndrome incidence in an area without community transmission of COVID-19

Open Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001692
Author(s):  
David Ferreira ◽  
Simon Graffen ◽  
Brendan Watkins ◽  
Bridie Peters ◽  
Geok Jim Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Rate Ratios

ObjectiveTo assess the changes in cardiac hospitalisations, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) during COVID-19 isolation compared with prior time periods in an area of low COVID-19 disease incidence.MethodsReview of all cardiology admissions, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requiring urgent catheter laboratory activation and OOHCA. The 10-week period of government-imposed social isolation (23 March–31 May 2020) was compared with the same period in 2018, 2019 and a 10-week period prior to social isolation (6 January–15 March 2020). Incidence rate ratios were calculated. Symptom to balloon time was also compared for those requiring catheterisation laboratory activation for STEMI.ResultsThe incidence of COVID-19 in the health district was 0.14 per 100 000 per day during the isolation period. There was a significant reduction in cardiology hospitalisations, NSTEMI and STEMI presentations without changes in OOHCA or symptom to balloon time for STEMI.ConclusionsWe observed a significant decline in cardiology presentations during social isolation without widespread COVID-19 disease. This provides further evidence for the important influence of social and behavioural factors on coronary event rates.

An electron microscopic study of the intra-myocardial lesions in cases of acute myocardial infarction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ono ◽  
Kaoru Aihara ◽  
Gompachi Yajima
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

The pathogenesis of the arteriosclerosis in the acute myocardial infarction is the matter of the extensive survey with the transmission electron microscopy in experimental and clinical materials. In the previous communication,the authors have clarified that the two types of the coronary vascular changes could exist. The first category is the case in which we had failed to observe no occlusive changes of the coronary vessels which eventually form the myocardial infarction. The next category is the case in which occlusive -thrombotic changes are observed in which the myocardial infarction will be taken placed as the final event. The authors incline to designate the former category as the non-occlusive-non thrombotic lesions. The most important findings in both cases are the “mechanical destruction of the vascular wall and imbibition of the serous component” which are most frequently observed at the proximal portion of the coronary main trunk.

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