An electron microscopic study of the intra-myocardial lesions in cases of acute myocardial infarction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ono ◽  
Kaoru Aihara ◽  
Gompachi Yajima
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

The pathogenesis of the arteriosclerosis in the acute myocardial infarction is the matter of the extensive survey with the transmission electron microscopy in experimental and clinical materials. In the previous communication,the authors have clarified that the two types of the coronary vascular changes could exist. The first category is the case in which we had failed to observe no occlusive changes of the coronary vessels which eventually form the myocardial infarction. The next category is the case in which occlusive -thrombotic changes are observed in which the myocardial infarction will be taken placed as the final event. The authors incline to designate the former category as the non-occlusive-non thrombotic lesions. The most important findings in both cases are the “mechanical destruction of the vascular wall and imbibition of the serous component” which are most frequently observed at the proximal portion of the coronary main trunk.

scholarly journals Acute myocardial infarction in young adults: features of pathogenesis, disease course and justification of strategy for prevention of complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
O. M. Parkhomenko ◽  
Ya. M. Lutay ◽  
O. I. Irkin ◽  
D. O. Bilyi ◽  
A. O. Stepura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Substrate

We retrospectively and prospectively studied 835 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) under the age of 45 and older. Depending on age, patients were divided into two groups: < 45 years and ≥ 45 years. In 189 patients under 45 years of age, the main risk factors leading to the development of ST-elevation myocardial infarction were male sex (OR 6.58; 95 % CI (2.64–16.41), smoking (OR 2.02; 95 % CI (1.44–2.82) and family history of premature coronary artery disease (OR 1.75; 95 % CI (1.21–2.54). According to coronary angiography, AMI patients under 45 years of age in most cases showed no hemodynamically significant coronary vessels damage and had a different course of AMI caused by other reasons – aneurysms of the coronary arteries, muscle bridges, coronary spasm, spontaneous dissections. It was found that 10 % of young patients who did not have obstructive lesions of coronary vessels, according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had focal myocarditis. However, it is noted that in patients under 45 years of age, the presence of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) may affect the development of AMI. Thus, according to the DLCNS criteria, FH was more frequently reported in young patients than in patients older than 45 years (7.34 % vs 1.32 % (p<0.05)). Hospital course of AMI in young adults was more favorable, with fewer complications. Data from studies of flow-dependent vasodilation have shown that young patients have worse endothelial function on the 1st day of AMI (p=0.043), but better recovery of it in the dynamics of observation. However, in young patients, early (day 7, p=0.029) and late (day 90, p=0.041) left ventricular dilatation was more commonly reported compared with older patients. According to the MRI data on day 1 and in the dynamics (90 days), it was found that, despite the higher prevalence of AMI, young patients have better recovery of contractile myocardial function. The arrhythmogenic substrate (according to late ventricular potential) for life-threatening arrhythmias was more commonly recorded in the older age group at the beginning of the development of AMI, but it was detected with the same frequency in both groups during prolonged observation (6–12 months). Despite better survival and fewer complications during long-term follow-up (4.9 years on average), the greatest impact on the development of the combined endpoint (cardiovascular death / recurrent myocardial infarction / stroke) and death from any cause was made by the patients’ age up to 35 years (best prognosis), concomitant hypertension (worsens prognosis) and low left ventricular ejection fraction (increases complications). The study indicates the possibility of implementing a secondary prevention system in AMI patients of young age through careful (active) observation and control of adherence to treatment and the adequacy of its implementation.

Clinical and Anamnestic Characteristics of Acute Coronary Syndrome after Suffering COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (5S) ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Orlova ◽  
Valerij V. Lomajchikov ◽  
Tatyana I. Bonkalo ◽  
Grigorij A. Chuvarayan ◽  
Yana G. Spiryakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. COVID-19 increases the risk of developing thromboembolic complications, including acute myocardial infarction, in the acute period of the disease. The long-term consequences of COVID-19 are poorly understood. At the same time, the available data on an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome after infectious diseases allow us to make an assumption about a similar risk in COVID-19. The aim of the study was to study the anamnestic and laboratory diagnostic data in patients with acute coronary syndrome after COVID-19. Methods. The study included 185 patients with acute coronary syndrome who were admitted to the State Clinical Hospital No. 13 in Moscow in the period from May to December 2020. 2 groups were identified: group 1 109 patients with ACS who had previously suffered COVID-19, group 2 76 patients with ACS without COVID-19 in the past. The patients were collected anamnesis, including: the fact of smoking and alcohol consumption, heredity, previous diseases, including diabetes mellitus, acute myocardial infarction, previously performed PCI. Information about the COVID-19 infection has been collected (the duration of the disease, the course of the disease). A clinical and laboratory examination was conducted, including the determination of body mass index (BMI), examination for antibodies to COVID-19, determination of the lipid profile level (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides), blood glucose level, C-RB. The analysis was performed on automatic biochemical analyzers Hitachi-902, 912 (Roche Diagnostics, Japan). All patients underwent coronary angiography. Results. In patients with ACS with previously transferred COVID-19, the development of the disease occurred at a younger age compared to patients without transferred COVID-19. Among the patients with COVID-19, body weight was significantly lower, there were fewer smokers, concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus and transferred ONMC were less common. In laboratory parameters, lower triglyceride levels were observed in patients with ACS with COVID-19 compared with those of patients without COVID-19. In the laboratory parameters of blood clotting in patients with ACS with COVID-19, higher APTT, thrombin time, fibrinogen level, D-dimer were noted. The indicated laboratory parameters in the groups had statistically significant differences. In ACS patients with a previous COVID-19, compared with patients without COVID-19, the lesion of 2 or more coronary vessels was more common in the anamnesis. Conclusion. According to the results of our study, it was revealed that multivessel coronary artery damage in patients after COVID-19 in comparison with patients without COVID-19 develops significantly more often, while these patients are significantly less likely to have DM and previously suffered ONMC, the level of TG is significantly lower.

scholarly journals Clinical Features of Emergency Electrocardiography in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Left Main Trunk Obstruction

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Hirano ◽  
Kunihiko Tsuchiya ◽  
Kazuhiko Nishigaki ◽  
Kenji Sou ◽  
Tomoki Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Left Main Trunk

Acute Myocardial Infarction With Patent Epicardial Coronary Vessels Following Cassia italica Ingestion

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman A. El-Menyar ◽  
Ashraf H. Helmy ◽  
Nagi M. Mubarak ◽  
Salah E. O. Arafa
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Vessels

Improvement Of Shortened Platelet Survival Half-Life From The Early To The Late Phase Of Myocardial Infarction

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Chesebro ◽  
V Fuster ◽  
J Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Wall Interaction

The incidence of reinfarction, death and systemic thromboembolism is greatest in the first 2 months after acute myocardial infarction and decreases with time after infarction. Reasons for this are unknown, but increased platelet vascular wall interaction may be a contributing factor. Thirteen patients, mean age 53 years, had a platelet survival determination (platelet half-life calculated by least square analysis) within 1 month (mo) after acute, uncomplicated myocardial infarction (10 transmural, 3 subendocardial); a platelet survival study was repeated 3-8 mo (average 4 mo) later. All patients were on oral anticoagulants and during the time of observation none of the patients had any clinical thromboembolic events.Ten of the 13 patients had a shortened (<92 hours) platelet survival half-life of 75 hours (avg) within 1 mo after myocardial infarction which increased significantly (P<.01) to 94 hours (avg) four mo (avg) later. Ten control patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease, stable angina pectoris, and a shortened platelet survival of 85 hours (avg) had a repeat platelet survival 6 mo later that was not significantly changed (mean variability 5%).The shortened platelet survival that improves with time after myocardial infarction is compatible with the increased incidence of reinfarction, death and thromboembolism early after myocardial infarction. Whether the increased platelet consumption reflects platelet deposition in the coronary vessels or in the left ventricle (as a mural thrombus) is at present under investigation with imaging of III-Indium-labeled platelets.

Influence of Smoking on The Location of Acute Myocardial Infarctions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3257-3260
Author(s):  
Ahsan Lakho ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Butt ◽  
Javed Khurshed Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Hashim Kalwar ◽  
Gulzar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of smokers and to compare the frequency of smokers among patients with inferior and anterior acute myocardial infarction amongst patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Subjects And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 226 at the Adult Cardiology Department of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi for six months from 20-07-2019 till 20-01-2020. After obtaining verbal consent, researchers prospectively collected data from the participants. The study included 226 patients who were diagnosed with the appropriate conditions. Frequency and percentages were used to present qualitative data, while mean and standard deviation were used to present quantitative data. To see how to effect modifiers affected the outcome, researchers used stratification to keep track of them. For statistical significance, the post-stratification chi-square test was used. Results: A total of 226 presenting with acute myocardial infarction were included in this study. The mean age in our study was 55.92±10.49 years. Out of 226 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 130 (57.5%) and 96 (42.5) smoked and did not smoke respectively. Comparison of smoking status in patients who had anterior and inferior myocardial infarction showed that 39 (53.4%) and 51 (51%) smoked respectively. Conclusion: Smoking is a well-recognized strong modifiable risk factor and predictor of multivessel disease. Smoking cessation has been consistently associated with a mortality benefit in both stable coronary artery disease and post-acute coronary syndromes. Consequently, smoking cessation is one of the cornerstones of secondary prevention despite the improvement in the management of ACS with PCI and pharmacotherapy Keywords: Smoking, coronary vessels, territory and ST elevated myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals A Premenopausal Woman Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction of Three Different Coronary Vessels Within 1 Year

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 849-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhito Sakai ◽  
Yoshiaki Tomobuchi ◽  
Yasuaki Toyoda ◽  
Masahiro Shinozaki ◽  
Takuzo Hano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Premenopausal Woman ◽  
Coronary Vessels
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