Serum bile acids and bile acid tolerance tests in liver disease

1983 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Paumgartner ◽  
G. A. Mannes ◽  
F. Stellaard
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Serum Bile Acids

Serum Bile Acids in Patients with Liver Disease

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J Levin ◽  
Morton K Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Serum Bile Acids ◽  
Yield Information

Abstract By means of a sensitive fluorometric technic, serum bile acids were determined in patients with various liver diseases. Correlations were shown between the bile acid values and those of transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in cases of liver metastases, and bile acid and transaminase values in cases of viral hepatitis. For most clinical purposes, however, the determination does not yield information which cannot be obtained more readily using currently accepted methods.

scholarly journals Bile Acid Signaling: Mechanism for Bariatric Surgery, Cure for NASH?

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Kohli ◽  
Andriy Myronovych ◽  
Brandon K. Tan ◽  
Rosa-Maria Salazar-Gonzalez ◽  
Lili Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Adjustable Gastric Band ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Signaling Mechanism ◽  
Serum Bile Acids ◽  
Long Run

Bariatric surgery is the most effective and durable treatment option for obesity today. More importantly, beyond weight loss, bariatric procedures have many advantageous metabolic effects including reversal of obesity-related liver disease - nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is an important comorbidity of obesity given that it is a precursor to the development of liver cirrhosis that may necessitate liver transplantation in the long run. Simultaneously, we and others have observed increased serum bile acids in humans and animals that undergo bariatric surgery. Specifically, our preclinical studies have included experimental procedures such as ‘ileal transposition' or bile diversion and established procedures such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the adjustable gastric band. Importantly, these effects are not simply the result of weight loss since our data show that the resolution of NASH and increase in serum bile acids are not seen in rodents that lose an equivalent amount of weight via food restriction. In particular, we have studied the role of altered bile acid signaling, in the potent impact of a bariatric procedure termed ‘vertical sleeve gastrectomy' (VSG). In this review we focus on the mechanisms of NASH resolution and weight loss after VSG surgery. We highlight the fact that bariatric surgeries can be used as ‘laboratories' to dissect the mechanisms by which these procedures work to improve obesity and fatty liver disease. We describe key bile acid signaling elements that may provide potential therapeutic targets for ‘bariatric-mimetic technologies' that could produce benefits similar to bariatric surgery - but without the surgery!

scholarly journals Colesevelam Reduces Ethanol-Induced Liver Steatosis in Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Noemí Cabré ◽  
Yi Duan ◽  
Cristina Llorente ◽  
Mary Conrad ◽  
Patrick Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Serum Bile Acids ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Alcohol-related liver disease is associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Functional changes in the microbiota affect bile acid metabolism and result in elevated serum bile acids in patients with alcohol-related liver disease. The aim of this study was to identify the potential role of the bile acid sequestrant colesevelam in a humanized mouse model of ethanol-induced liver disease. We colonized germ-free (GF) C57BL/6 mice with feces from patients with alcoholic hepatitis and subjected humanized mice to the chronic–binge ethanol feeding model. Ethanol-fed gnotobiotic mice treated with colesevelam showed reduced hepatic levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, but liver injury and inflammation were not decreased as compared with non-treated mice. Colesevelam reduced hepatic cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 (Cyp7a1) protein expression, although serum bile acids were not lowered. In conclusion, our findings indicate that colesevelam treatment mitigates ethanol-induced liver steatosis in mice.

scholarly journals Serum Bile Acids in Cholestatic Liver Disease: Their Measurement and Significance

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Serum Bile Acids

A relatively rapid and specific method for the estimation of serum individual bile acids, conjugated and free, in small volumes (1 ml) of sera from patients with liver disease has been developed. This method has been applied to a study of 25 patients with liver disease. Cholestatic liver disease has been found to be associated with an increase in serum monohydroxy bile acids which appear to be of an unsaturated nature. No association was found between the concentration of any particular bile acid and the presence or absence of pruritus.

scholarly journals Disease-Associated Gut Microbiota Reduces the Profile of Secondary Bile Acids in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiake Yu ◽  
Hu Zhang ◽  
Liya Chen ◽  
Yufei Ruan ◽  
Yiping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Secondary Bile Acids

Children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) display an altered gut microbiota compared with healthy children. However, little is known about the fecal bile acid profiles and their association with gut microbiota dysbiosis in pediatric NAFLD. A total of 68 children were enrolled in this study, including 32 NAFLD patients and 36 healthy children. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed by metagenomic sequencing to determine the changes in the gut microbiota of children with NAFLD, and an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system was used to quantify the concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids. The associations between the gut microbiota and concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids in the fecal samples were then analyzed. We found that children with NAFLD exhibited reduced levels of secondary bile acids and alterations in bile acid biotransforming-related bacteria in the feces. Notably, the decrease in Eubacterium and Ruminococcaceae bacteria, which express bile salt hydrolase and 7α-dehydroxylase, was significantly positively correlated with the level of fecal lithocholic acid (LCA). However, the level of fecal LCA was negatively associated with the abundance of the potential pathogen Escherichia coli that was enriched in children with NAFLD. Pediatric NAFLD is characterized by an altered profile of gut microbiota and fecal bile acids. This study demonstrates that the disease-associated gut microbiota is linked with decreased concentrations of secondary bile acids in the feces. The disease-associated gut microbiota likely inhibits the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids.

scholarly journals SERUM BILE ACIDS IN PREMATURE INFANTS WITH TPN- ASSOCIATED LIVER DISEASE

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
A Garnica ◽  
P M Rennert ◽  
E Beale
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Serum Bile Acids

scholarly journals Role of Bile Acids in Dysbiosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihua Wang ◽  
Chunpeng Zhu ◽  
Liming Shao ◽  
Jun Ye ◽  
Yimin Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Bile Acid Receptors

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health threat around the world and is characterized by dysbiosis. Primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver and converted into secondary bile acids by gut microbiota. Recent studies support the role of bile acids in modulating dysbiosis and NAFLD, while the mechanisms are not well elucidated. Dysbiosis may alter the size and the composition of the bile acid pool, resulting in reduced signaling of bile acid receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5). These receptors are essential in lipid and glucose metabolism, and impaired bile acid signaling may cause NAFLD. Bile acids also reciprocally regulate the gut microbiota directly via antibacterial activity and indirectly via FXR. Therefore, bile acid signaling is closely linked to dysbiosis and NAFLD. During the past decade, stimulation of bile acid receptors with their agonists has been extensively explored for the treatment of NAFLD in both animal models and clinical trials. Early evidence has suggested the potential of bile acid receptor agonists in NAFLD management, but their long-term safety and effectiveness need further clarification.

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