Microbial Diversity and Soil Health in Tropical Agroecosystems

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipanti Chourasiya ◽  
Mahaveer P. Sharma ◽  
Hemant S. Maheshwari ◽  
Aketi Ramesh ◽  
Sushil K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Tropical Agroecosystems

scholarly journals Microbial Community Diversity Dynamics in Acid Mine Drainage and Acid Mine Drainage-Polluted Soils: Implication on Mining Water Irrigation Agricultural Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabelani Munyai ◽  
Henry Joseph Oduor Ogola ◽  
David Mxolisi Modise
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
The Impact

Environmental degradation related to mining-generated acid mine drainage (AMD) is a major global concern, contaminating surface and groundwater sources, including agricultural land. In the last two decades, many developing countries are expanding agricultural productivity in mine-impacted soils to meet food demand for their rapidly growing population. Further, the practice of AMD water (treated or untreated) irrigated agriculture is on the increase, particularly in water-stressed nations around the world. For sustainable agricultural production systems, optimal microbial diversity, and functioning is critical for soil health and plant productivity. Thus, this review presents up-to-date knowledge on the microbial structure and functional dynamics of AMD habitats and AMD-impacted agricultural soils. The long-term effects of AMD water such as soil acidification, heavy metals (HM), iron and sulfate pollution, greatly reduces microbial biomass, richness, and diversity, impairing soil health plant growth and productivity, and impacts food safety negatively. Despite these drawbacks, AMD-impacted habitats are unique ecological niches for novel acidophilic, HM, and sulfate-adapted microbial phylotypes that might be beneficial to optimal plant growth and productivity and bioremediation of polluted agricultural soils. This review has also highlighted the impact active and passive treatment technologies on AMD microbial diversity, further extending the discussion on the interrelated microbial diversity, and beneficial functions such as metal bioremediation, acidity neutralization, symbiotic rhizomicrobiome assembly, and plant growth promotion, sulfates/iron reduction, and biogeochemical N and C recycling under AMD-impacted environment. The significance of sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB), iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB), and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) as key players in many passive and active systems dedicated to bioremediation and microbe-assisted phytoremediation is also elucidated and discussed. Finally, new perspectives on the need for future studies, integrating meta-omics and process engineering on AMD-impacted microbiomes, key to designing and optimizing of robust active and passive bioremediation of AMD-water before application to agricultural production is proposed.

Sclerotia of a phytopathogenic fungus restrict microbial diversity and improve soil health by suppressing other pathogens and enriching beneficial microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 109857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Abid Mehmood ◽  
Huizhang Zhao ◽  
Jiasen Cheng ◽  
Jiatao Xie ◽  
Daohong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Beneficial Microorganisms

scholarly journals Evaluation of Changes in Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins (GRSP) Content, Microbial Diversity and Physical Properties Depending on the Type of Soil as the Important Biotic Determinants of Soil Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Jacek Niedźwiecki ◽  
Jarosław Grządziel ◽  
Karolina Gawryjołek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Soil Physical Quality ◽  
Soil Proteins

The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) content, microbial diversity and soil physical quality depending on the type of soil measures of soil improvement and changes in soil health. The study was based on a 100-year stationary field microplot experiment where the soil profiles were collected with preserving the natural soil horizons. The microplot experiment was carried out on eight different soil types: Brunic Arenosol (Dystric I), Rendzic Leptosol, Fluvic Cambisol, Haplic Cambisol (Eutric), Gleyic Phaeozem, Brunic Arenosol (Dystric II), Haplic Cambisol (Eutric II) and Haplic Cambisol (Dystric). These soils are the most common types of agricultural soils in Poland. Relatively significant correlations with the soil quality, physical parameters and the glomalin-related soil proteins have been found. The study determined the total GRSP (T-GRSP) and easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) levels in soils as well as the soil physical quality index and soil’s microbial biodiversity. The GRSP depended on the type of soil and correlated with S-Index and also was responsible for the unique chemical and physical properties of soils. Soils characterized by the highest T-GRSP content belonged to the group of very good and good soil physical quality characterized also by high biological activity, for which there were strong correlations with such parameters as dehydrogenase activity (DHA), microbial biomass content (MBC), microbial nitrogen content (MBN) and total bacteria number (B). The highest T-GRSP content and higher microbial diversity were found in Gleyic Phaeozem, Rendzic Leptosol and Fluvic Cambisol. The T-GRSP and EE-GRSP content were additionally correlated with the number of AMF spores. Very poor and poor soil physical quality according to S-Index characterized Brunic Arenosol (Dystric I) and Haplic Cambisol (Dystric). This research indicates that a specific edaphone of soil microorganisms and GRSP content may be of great importance when assessing a soil’s quality and improvements in soil health. The abundance of glomalin-producing fungi significantly affects the quality of the soil. This effect is particularly important for agricultural soils are threatened by ongoing land degradation.

Microbial Diversity and Their Role in Plant and Soil Health Under Stress Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Zubair A. Dar ◽  
Rouf Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Javeed I. A. Bhat ◽  
Shafat A. Mir ◽  
Azra Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Stress Conditions

scholarly journals Agricultural Soil Management Practices Differentially Shape the Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome of Sorghum bicolor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M.-L. Wipf ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Cheng Gao ◽  
Hannah B. Spinner ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cover Cropping ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Microbiome

Soils play important roles in biological productivity. While past work suggests that microbes affect soil health and respond to agricultural practices, it is not well known how soil management shapes crop host microbiomes. To elucidate the impact of management on microbial composition and function in the sorghum microbiome, we performed 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 amplicon sequencing and metatranscriptomics on soil and root samples collected from a site in California’s San Joaquin Valley that is under long-term cultivation with 1) standard (ST) or no tilling (NT) and 2) cover-cropping (CC) or leaving the field fallow (NO). Our results revealed that microbial diversity, composition, and function change across tillage and cover type, with a heightened response in fungal communities, versus bacterial. Surprisingly, ST harbored greater microbial alpha diversity than NT, indicating that tillage may open niche spaces for broad colonization. Across management regimes, we observed class-level taxonomic level shifts. Additionally, we found significant functional restructuring across treatments, including enrichment for microbial lipid and carbohydrate transport and metabolism and cell motility with NT. Differences in carbon cycling were also observed, with increased prevalence of glycosyltransferase and glycoside hydrolase carbohydrate active enzyme families with CC. Lastly, treatment significantly influenced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which had the greatest prevalence and activity under ST, suggesting that soil practices mediate known beneficial plant-microbe relationships. Collectively, our results demonstrate how agronomic practices impact critical interactions within the plant microbiome and inform future efforts to configure trait-associated microbiomes in crops. Importance While numerous studies show that farming practices can influence the soil microbiome, there are often conflicting results on how microbial diversity and activity respond to treatment. In addition, there is very little work published on how the corresponding crop plant microbiome is impacted. With bacteria and fungi known to critically affect soil health and plant growth, we concurrently compared how the practices of no and standard tillage, in combination with either cover-cropping or fallow fields, shape soil and plant-associated microbiomes between the two classifications. In determining not only the response to treatment in microbial diversity and composition, but for activity as well, this work demonstrates the significance of agronomic practice in modulating plant-microbe interactions, as well as encourages future work on the mechanisms involved in community assemblages supporting similar crop outcomes.

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