Fibrous Layer Filter | ScienceGate

Pericardial mechanoreceptors with afferents in the phrenic nerves were studied in anesthetized dogs. The specific aims determined 1) if pericardial receptors with phrenic afferents exist in the dog; 2) the stimuli needed to activate these receptors; 3) the anatomic distribution of these pericardial receptors; and 4) which pericardial layer contains the receptors. Afferent activity was recorded from the phrenic nerves while the pericardium was probed. In 15 of 18 animals, pericardial receptors were found on the right side. In 12 of 18 animals pericardial receptors were located on the left side. Most of the mechanoreceptors were found in a band that paralleled the pericardiophrenic attachment, in the fibrous layer of the pericardium, overlying the atria and atrioventricular grooves. Some receptors had a cardiac rhythm, whereas others were stimulated by the inflating lung. None of the receptors were chemosensitive to capsaicin, bradykinin, or saline. This study is the first to demonstrate that the pericardium of the dog contains mechanosensitive receptors which are innervated by the phrenic nerve.

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Fine Structure of Swarmers of Cladophora and Chaetomorpha

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.9.3.581 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 581-601

Author(s):

D. G. ROBINSON ◽

R. D. PRESTON

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Fine Structure ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Cell Wall Synthesis ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Etching Technique ◽

Freeze Etching

Naked swarmers of both Cladophora rupestris and Chaetomorpha melagonium have been examined by the freeze-etching technique. The swarmers of Cladophora, collected just after settling, reveal several layers of granules external to the plasmalemma and internal to the so-called ‘fibrous-layer’. Chaetomorpha swarmers collected just before settling show extrusion of vesicles through the plasmalemma. The structures associated with the membranes are discussed in relation to known features of these swarmers already observed by sectioning. The role of granules in the synthesis of cell wall microfibrils is strengthened though the spatial arrangement of the granules seen in this investigation does not completely fulfil the ‘ordered granule’ hypothesis. Description of, and comments on, features related to cell wall synthesis, particularly the Golgi and vacuolar systems, are given.

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The Fine Structure of the Cyst Wall of the Metacercaria of Fasciola hepatica

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.s3-105.72.385a ◽

1964 ◽

Vol s3-105 (72) ◽

pp. 385-389

Author(s):

K. E. DIXON ◽

E. H. MERCER

Keyword(s):

Fine Structure ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Cyst Wall ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Protein Layer ◽

Compact Layer

Observations with the electron microscope have shown that 4 major layers can be distinguished in the cyst wall: (a) an outer tanned-protein layer, consisting of a meshwork of irregular bodies made up of cigar-shaped particles; (b) a predominantly mucopolysaccharide, finely-fibrous layer, closely adherent to the tanned layer; (c) an inner, mainly mucopolysaccharide layer, which can be resolved into two layers differing in fine texture; (d) a dense, compact layer, composed of numerous protein sheets stabilized by disulphide linkages. This layer is formed from tightly wound scrolls, developed in intracellular vacuoles, which are unrolled at the surface of the animal after secretion.

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Convective-conductive Drying Characteristics of Thin Shrinkable Fibrous Layer Wetted with Aqueous Polymer Solution

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU ◽

10.1252/kakoronbunshu.29.695 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 695-697 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hironobu Imakoma ◽

Takeshi Mori ◽

Katsuyuki Kubota ◽

Masamichi Yoshida

Keyword(s):

Polymer Solution ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Drying Characteristics ◽

Aqueous Polymer ◽

Aqueous Polymer Solution

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Caenorhabditis elegans Cuticle: A Description of New Elements of the Fibrous Layer

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.2307/3284396 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 368 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christina A. Peixoto ◽

James M. Kramer ◽

Wanderley de Souza

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Fibrous Layer

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Anatomical Study of the Medial Ankle Ligament Complex

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/107110070202300612 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 547-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Andreas Peter Boss ◽

Beat Hintermann

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Deltoid Ligament ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Ankle Ligament ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Anatomical Relationship ◽

Insertion Area

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine insertion area, length and thickness of the various bundles and their anatomical relationship with inter-individual differences. Twelve ankles from human cadavers (ages 56 to 95 years, from nine men and three women) were dissected to the capsuloligamentous structures. Marked inter-individual differences were found for the five main ligaments (tibiospring, tibiocalcaneal, posterior and anterior deep tibiotalar and superficial posterior tibiotalar). The tibionavicular ligament is a thickened fibrous layer of the ankle capsule. The tibiocalcaneal and tibiospring ligaments are the longest, and the tibiocalcaneal and posterior deep tibiotalar ligaments are the thickest of these ligaments. Fibrils run in the direction of the tibia or dorsally. Knowledge of the deltoid ligament complex is necessary for anatomically and biomechanically correct reconstruction that provides stability without hazard to biomechanics of function.

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VIII. On the structure of the membrana tympani in the human ear

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rstl.1851.0010 ◽

1851 ◽

Vol 141 ◽

pp. 159-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Mucous Membrane ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Human Ear

In conducting researches into the pathological condition of the organ of hearing, I have been impressed with the necessity of ascertaining, with as much precision as possible, the intimate structure of the various tissues entering into its composition. The results to which investigations undertaken with this latter object in view have led me, in reference to the structure of the membrana tympani, it is the purpose of the present paper to detail. It will be observed that the conclusions at which I have arrived, differ materially in various important particulars from those of previous investigators. Examined from the exterior, inwards the membrana tympani consists of the following layers:— 1. The epidermis. 2. The proper fibrous layer, composed of— a . The lamina of radiating fibres. b . The lamina of circular fibres. 3. The mucous membrane (Plate III. fig. 1).

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Structure and function in the nematode pharynx

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s003118200006875x ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 269-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. J. Mapes

Keyword(s):

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Research Council ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Skeletal Structure ◽

Muscle Fibres ◽

Fibrous Layer ◽

Agricultural Research Council ◽

Valve Structure ◽

And Function

The simple cylindroid pharynx of Ascaris lumbricoides has been shown to be characterized by a pharyngo-intestinal valve which is composed of two sets of valves. This is the only valve structure in the pharynx of this nematode. The pharynges of Oxyuris equi, Aplectana brevicaudata and Panagrellus silusiae have a series of valve structures along the lengths of the organs. All these types have a valve at the anterior end of the corpus, corrugated ‘valves’ in the posterior bulb, and pharyngo-intestinal valves. A valve between the corpus and the isthmus has been shown in Oxyuris.In all the nematodes studied the pharyngo-intestinal valve is characterized by an overlapping of the muscle fibres associated with the valve and the main musculature of the pharynx that immediately precedes them. It has been suggested that the pharyngo-intestinal valves of the types studied may have evolved from the type of valve found in the Enoplina.The marginal tissues of the pharynx of Ascaris lumbricoides have been shown to be composed of three types of tissues. It has been suggested that the marginal tissues have a suspensory and skeletal function. The suspensory strands subserve the first function, while the investing strands and the associated fibrous layer provide a longitudinal skeletal structure in the pharynx. In Oxyuris no fibrous layer is associated with the marginal tissues.I would like to thank Professor J. E. Harris and Dr H. D. Crofton for their help and criticism during the course of this work, which was carried out during the tenure of a Postgraduate Studentship awarded by the Agricultural Research Council.

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