Catalytic Upgrading of Bio-Oils into Aromatic Hydrocarbon over Highly Active Solid Catalysts

Catalytic upgrading of bio-based platform molecules is one of promising approaches for biomass valorization. However, most solid catalysts are thermally and/or chemically unstable and difficult to prepare. In this study, a stable organic phosphonate-hafnium solid catalyst (PPOA-Hf) was synthesized, and acid-base bifunctional sites were found to play a cooperative role in the cascade transfer hydrogenation and cyclization of ethyl levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). Under relatively mild reaction conditions of 160 ºC for 6 h, EL was completely converted to GVL in a good yield of 85%. The apparent activation energy was calculated to be 53 kJ/mol, which was lower than other solid catalysts for the same reaction. In addition, the PPOA-Hf solid catalyst did not significantly decrease its activity after five recycles, and no evident leaching of Hf was observed, indicating its high stability and potential practical application.

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Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Kraft Lignin with Refuse-Derived Fuels Using Ni-Loaded ZSM-5 Type Catalysts

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal8110506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 506 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hyung Lee ◽

Jin Cha ◽

Young-Kwon Park

Keyword(s):

Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Kraft Lignin ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Hydrocarbon Production ◽

Catalytic Upgrading ◽

Hydrocarbon Formation ◽

Refuse Derived Fuels ◽

Area X

The catalytic co-pyrolysis (CCP) of Kraft lignin (KL) with refuse-derived fuels (RDF) over HZSM-5, Ni/HZSM-5, and NiDHZSM-5 (Ni/desilicated HZSM-5) was carried out using pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to determine the effects of the nickel loading, desilication of HZSM-5, and co-pyrolysis of KL with RDF. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, X-ray diffraction, and NH3-temperature programed desorption. The nickel-impregnated catalyst improved the catalytic upgrading efficiency and increased the aromatic hydrocarbon production. Compared to KL, the catalytic pyrolysis of RDF produced larger amounts of aromatic hydrocarbons due to the higher H/Ceff ratio. The CCP of KL with RDF enhanced the production of aromatic hydrocarbons by the synergistic effect of hydrogen rich feedstock co-feeding. In particular, Ni/DHZSM-5 showed higher aromatic hydrocarbon formation owing to its higher acidity and mesoporosity.

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Catalytic upgrading of lignin derived bio-oil model compound using mesoporous solid catalysts

Research on Chemical Intermediates ◽

10.1007/s11164-015-2223-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 3-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Min Su Jang ◽

Rae-su Park ◽

In-Gu Lee ◽

Jong Myung Kwak ◽

Young-Kwon Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Model Compound ◽

Solid Catalysts ◽

Catalytic Upgrading ◽

Bio Oil

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Selective synthesis of benzoquinones over Cu(ii)-containing propylsalicylaldimine functionalized mesoporous solid catalysts

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/c8dt01936c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (10) ◽

pp. 3291-3299 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manickam Selvaraj ◽

Mohammed A. Assiri

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Selective Synthesis ◽

Solid Catalysts ◽

Highly Active

An eco-friendly and highly active mesoporous CSASBA-15(0.2) has unprecedented catalytic activity, among other CSA functionalized solid catalysts, for the selective synthesis of benzoquinones with 98–100% selectivity.

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Hybrid organic–inorganic structured materials as single-site heterogeneous catalysts

Proceedings of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.2012.0066 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 468 (2143) ◽

pp. 1927-1954 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Urbano Díaz ◽

Mercedes Boronat ◽

Avelino Corma

Keyword(s):

Active Sites ◽

Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Single Site ◽

Structured Materials ◽

Solid Catalysts ◽

Highly Active ◽

Molecular Catalysts ◽

Inorganic Structure

Catalyst selectivity is associated with well-defined homogeneous active sites. Transition metal complexes and organocatalysts are highly active and selective in the homogeneous phase, and their heterogenization by incorporating them into inorganic solid materials allows combining their excellent catalytic activity with improved separation, recovering and recycling properties. In this article, we present the structural characteristics and catalytic properties of hybrid organic–inorganic materials in which the molecular catalysts are part of the inorganic structure, emphasizing the possibilities of periodic mesoporous hybrid materials and coordination polymers as single-site solid catalysts.

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Effect of pomegranate fruit supplementation on performance and various markers in athletes and active subjects: a systematic review

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000601 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Alicja Urbaniak ◽

Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn

Keyword(s):

Vessel Diameter ◽

Whole Body ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Physically Active ◽

Highly Active ◽

Body Strength ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Study Designs ◽

Pomegranate Fruit

Abstract. The aim of the study was to review recent findings on the use of POM supplements in athletes of various disciplines and physically active participants. Eleven articles published between 2010 and 2018 were included, where the total number of investigated subjects was 176. Male participants constituted the majority of the group (n = 155), as compared to females (n = 21). 45% of research described was conducted on athletes, whereas the remaining studies were based on highly active participants. Randomised, crossover, double-blind study designs constituted the majority of the experimental designs used. POM supplementation varied in terms of form (pills/juice), dosage (50 ml–500 ml) and time of intervention (7 days–2 months) between studies. Among the reviewed articles, POM supplementation had an effect on the improvement of the following: whole body strength; feeling of vitality; acute and delayed muscle fatigue and soreness; increase in vessel diameter; blood flow and serum level of TAC; reduction in the rate of increase for HR, SBP, CK and LDH; support in the recovery of post-training CK, LDH, CRP and ASAT to their baseline levels; reduction of MMP2, MMP9, hsCRP and MDA; and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). In the majority of reviewed articles POM supplementation had a positive effect on a variety of parameters studied and the authors recommended it as a supplement for athletes and physically active bodies.

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