Ground Improvement with Stone Columns–A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-217
Author(s):  
Revathy Manohar ◽  
Satyajit Patel
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns

scholarly journals Analysis and settlement evaluation of an end-bearing granular pile with non-linear deformation modulus

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Pooja Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factor ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Linear Deformation ◽  
Dense Sand ◽  
Granular Pile ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Granular Piles

AbstractGround improvement with granular piles increases the load-carrying capacity, reduces the settlement of foundations built on the reinforced ground and is also a good alternative to concrete pile. Granular piles or stone columns are composed of granular material, such as crushed stone or coarse dense sand. An analytical approach based on the continuum approach is presented for the non-linear behaviour of the granular pile. The formulation for pile element displacement is done considering the non-homogeneity of the granular pile as it reflects the true behaviour and also accounts for the changes in the state of the granular pile due to installation, stiffening and improvement effects. The present study shows that the settlement influence factor for an end-bearing granular pile decreases with increase in the relative stiffness of the bearing stratum. The settlement influence factor decreases with increase in linear and non-linear non-homogeneity parameters for all values of relative length. For a shorter pile, the rate of decrease of the settlement influence factor is greater in comparison to that for a longer pile. Shear stress at the soil–granular pile interface reduces in the upper compressible portion of the granular pile and increases in the lower stiffer portion of the granular pile due to the non-homogeneity of an end-bearing granular pile.

Mitigation of Liquefaction Hazard Using Granular Piles

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Murali Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Loose Sand ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Remedial Measure ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Granular Piles ◽  
Surrounding Soil

In this paper, ground improvement techniques are used to mitigate liquefaction hazards. Granular piles are the preferred alternative due to several advantages. Granular piles improve the ground by reinforcing and adding density to the surrounding soil apart from providing drainage. Different mechanisms operate in the function of stone columns/granular piles in liquefaction mitigation, including Drainage, Storage, Dilation, Densification, and Reinforcement. This paper presents an overview of the use of granular piles as a liquefaction remedial measure for sand deposits. A brief description on liquefaction and the associated features is presented. A short discussion on various ground improvement methods available for liquefaction mitigation is discussed in light of the importance of granular piles. Different installation methods and design concepts for granular piles are presented. Various mechanisms of granular piles in mitigating the liquefaction potential of loose sand deposits are discussed and quantified in detail proving their effectiveness in hazard mitigation.

Experimental study of ground improvement by using encased stone columns

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Thakur ◽  
Saurabh Rawat ◽  
Ashok Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns

Liquefaction Mitigation Using Stone Columns Around Deep Foundations: Full-Scale Test Results

2000 ◽  
Vol 1736 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Ashford ◽  
Kyle M. Rollins ◽  
S. Case Bradford V ◽  
Thomas J. Weaver ◽  
Juan I. Baez
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Excess Pore Pressure ◽  
Deep Foundations ◽  
Laterally Loaded Piles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laterally Loaded ◽  
Excess Pore

The results presented were developed as part of a larger project analyzing the behavior of full-scale laterally loaded piles in liquefied soil, the first full-scale testing of its kind. Presented here are the results of a series of full-scale tests performed on deep foundations in liquefiable sand, both before and after ground improvement, in which controlled blasting was used to liquefy the soil surrounding the foundations. Data were collected showing the behavior of laterally loaded piles before and after liquefaction. After the installation of stone columns, the tests were repeated. From the results of these tests, it can be concluded that the installation of stone columns can significantly increase the density of the improved ground as indicated by the cone penetration test. Furthermore, it was found that the stone column installation limited the excess pore pressure increase from the controlled blasting and substantially increased the rate of excess pore pressure dissipation. Finally, the stone columns were found to significantly increase the stiffness of the foundation system by more than 2.5 to 3.5 times that in the liquefied soil. This study provides some of the first full-scale quantitative results on the improvement of foundation performance due to stone columns in a liquefiable deposit.

RAPID LOAD TESTING OF STONE COLUMNS TO AID DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS ON IMPROVED GROUND

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fahd Touma ◽  
Salah Sadek ◽  
Shadi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Axial Compressive Force

Building Codes and best practice require load testing of embedded structural foundation elements to validate design and construction execution quality. This requirement is particularly challenging when associated with ground improvement schemes relying on granular reinforcing/stone columns. Stone columns present an economic solution for improving the bearing capacity of shallow foundations on soft soils. A novel impulse load test was developed and used to quantify the load-displacement response of shallow foundations supported on stone columns at a clay site. The device is referred to as the Rapid Plate Load Tester (RPLT) and is a modified version of the Axial Compressive Force Pulse test for deep foundations. In this paper, the comprehensive site investigation, stone columns construction, load testing procedure, and data analysis are described. Static and dynamic field tests were performed to target loads of 2000 kN and equivalent bearing pressures of 500kPa. The results obtained from the RPLT tests were used to derive equivalent static load settlement curves for footings on both the natural clay ground and improved ground and compared with the results obtained from the full-scale static load tests.

Numerical study on ground improvement for liquefaction mitigation using stone columns encased with geosynthetics

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Tang ◽  
Shengyi Cong ◽  
Xianzhang Ling ◽  
Jinchi Lu ◽  
Ahmed Elgamal
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation

scholarly journals A Review on the Behaviour of Combined Stone Columns and Pile Foundations in Soft Soils when Placed under Rigid Raft Foundation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Danish Ahmed ◽  
Siti Noor Linda Bt Taib ◽  
Tahar Ayadat ◽  
Alsidqi Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Soft Soils ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Piled Raft Foundation ◽  
Raft Foundation ◽  
Raft Foundations

In the last few decades, it has been observed that raft foundations are very commonly used as a foundation solution for moderate to high rise structures either by resting on stone columns or on piles in soft soils. It is believed that, combining stone columns and piles in one foundation system is the more suitable foundation for medium rise structures. The combined foundation system provides a superior and more economical alternative to pile, and a more attractive alternative to stone columns in respect to ground improvement. This paper presents the review of existing studies reported in the literature in the last two decades about the behaviour of stone columns under raft foundations and piled raft foundation in soft soil, notably the failure mechanism and the bearing capacity. Also, a limited work from the literature concerning the performance of combined (pile/stone columns) foundation system in soft soil is comprised. Furthermore, very extensive ongoing research work regarding the investigation and study on the performance of combined (pile/stone columns) foundation system in soft soils is discussed. The main goals and methodology to study the performance of the combined (pile/stone columns) foundation systems in soft soil are also addressed.

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