Extension of the Lower Limbs for Extreme Flexion of Knee Joint Induced by Dorsal Scar Adhesion After Burned for 13 Years in a Child

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Jingliang Zhang ◽  
Mingfei He
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limbs

Arthroscopic Imaging Treatment and Clinical Rehabilitation of Knee Sports Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1780-1788
Author(s):  
Habaxi Kaken ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Baoerjiang Asihaer ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Continuous Passive Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Quick Recovery

This article studies the effects of arthroscopic imaging treatment and clinical rehabilitation of knee sports injuries. Arthroscopy was used to perform meniscus trimming and resection for 40 patients with knee sports injuries. The ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 60 years old. All patients received routine rehabilitation training such as continuous passive motion of the knee joint, biofeedback of the lower limbs, and air pressure therapy of the lower limbs. In addition, the control group was given muscle strength training, and the training began after the patients received the quadriceps muscle strength test. The removal of the joint cavity and the joint debridement has achieved satisfactory treatment results. In the experiment, the test cases were divided into two groups, and the sensor test platform was used for signal collection. Normal activities can be resumed 2 weeks after the operation. After a follow-up of 6 to 24 months, the knee joint pain disappeared, the joint was free of swelling, and the knee function was normal up to 93%. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament joint repair/reconstruction of the medial and posterolateral ligament knots is safe and feasible for the treatment of multiple ligament injuries of the knee joint. It has the advantages of less trauma and quick recovery. Early postoperative systemic and standardized rehabilitation exercises can obtain good knee joint function.

CHANGES IN THE FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR MUSCLES AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 686-688
Author(s):  
Rui Ma ◽  
Wenyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Isokinetic Test ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Test Velocity ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction: Centrifugal strength is an important element for strength quality. Developing muscle centrifugal strength can effectively increase the stability of lower limbs and reduce the risk of injury. Objective: To explore the characteristics of contractile force of flexor ahods in strength training and rehabilitation training, and the extensor muscles of the knee joint in athletes with different speeds of centripetal force. Methods: The knee joint muscle group of 8 first-level male high jumpers and 8 second-level male high jumpers were tested by isokinetic centrifugal contraction; the angular test velocity was 60 °/s, 120 °/s, 240 °/s, and the indexes included peak torque, relative peak torque (peak torque/body weight), and the peak torque flexural extension ratio. Results: With the centrifugal contraction of the knee joint muscle group (P < 0.05), the second-level high jumpers should increase the ability of the knee flexor muscle group of the take-off leg. In the case of constant velocity centrifugal contraction (P < 0.01), taking off time must be reduced, that is, taking off speed must be accelerated. Conclusions: The difference in the knee joint muscle isokinetic test results is one of the reasons for the difference in knee joint flexor and extensor muscle contractility under the different speed forces of high jumpers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Design of an Orthosis for the Weight Balance of Human Lower Limbs

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win-Bin Shieh ◽  
Dar-Zen Chen ◽  
Chia-Chun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Gravity Effect ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Exact Positions

Most existing lower limb orthosis use actuators and active controller to guide the motion of human lower limbs. Actuators with relatively large power are usually required to compensate the gravity effect of the human lower limbs, even for a normal walking. Hence, design of an orthosis for the weight balance of human lower limbs is desired. For the motion compatibility, the human hip joint is treated as a planar pair and the knee joint as a revolute pair. As a consequence, while the lower limb is in motion, the exact positions of the mass centers of the human lower limbs cannot be obtained. Hence, in this work, topological synthesis of the orthosis mechanisms, which can trace the mass centers of the human thigh and shank, respectively, is implemented. The weight balance of the human lower limbs is achieved by fitting a minimum number of zero-free-length springs. Based on the anthropometric parameters, dimensions of the lower limb orthosis is determined and the proposed design is justified by the simulation executed by the software of ProEngineer. Finally, a first generation prototype is built.

A Study of the Lower Limbs Movement of Elderly Adults by Vibratory Somatosensory Stimulation Applied to the Ankle Tendon

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Ha Ju So ◽  
Ki Young Kwak ◽  
Seong Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulus ◽  
Joint Contribution ◽  
Staircase Walking

Normal walking on staircases is a very important ordinary activity. It is a complicated motion that requires a big muscular strength and moment, and a big joint exercise scope. Due to such characteristics, staircase walking may be an obstacle to those with weakened lower limb muscle strength, and actually, fall injury accidents occur. Existing studies focus on dynamic changes in staircase walking. However, this study aimed to analyze staircase-walking characteristics evidenced when applying vibratory somatosensory stimulus to the ankle joint in a bid to reduce the risk of fall injuries associated with staircase walking. Five elderly male subjects, who had no disease related to the musculoskeletal system, participated in experiments. Experiments were held in a motion analysis laboratory equipped with 3-D motion analysis systems, force platforms, etc. In order to gather motion data, subjects wore markers and vibratory stimulation devices designed to apply somatosensory stimulus to ankle joints, and climbed down a staircase with the height adjusted appropriately. Using motion data gathered from staircase-walking, the ankle joint, knee joint and hip joint angles were obtained, and thus each joint's contribution to the motion was calculated. In the case of vibratory somatosensory stimuli being applied to the Achilles's tendon, the ankle joint contributed more to the motion of climbing down a staircase than the knee joint and the hip joint did. On the other hand, in the case of vibratory somatosensory stimulus being applied to the anterior tibialis, the ankle joint contribution was lowered, and to make up for it, the knee joint and the hip joint contribution increased. This outcome revealed that the effect of the vibratory somatosensory stimulation applied to the ankle joint can appear in not only the ankle joint, but also in the whole lower limbs due to chain reaction.

Kinematical Analysis of Dismount of Double Salto Backwards Stretched with 2/1 Twists

2013 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Ji He Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Flight Phase ◽  
Knee Joint Angle ◽  
Kinematical Analysis ◽  
Kinematics Parameters ◽  
Improve Stability

The aim of this study was to revealed the top-notch gymnast Kai Zous dismount of double salto backwards stretched with 2/1 twist. The findings showed that (1) at flight phase, (a) kinematics parameters had slightly different at off-bar moment in 2011 and 2012, (b) flight posture fitted with gymnastic rules, (2) at landing phase, (a) the lower limbs of Kai Zou didnt stretch, it was unfavorable for the following buffering, (b) his hip joint angle was smaller and knee joint angle was larger after landing in 2012, and these were favorable for the finish of buffering element, it will increase the horizontal distance of C.G. and improve stability of landing, (c) mean hip joint angle was 117.9o at landing, the buffering time was 0.215s.

scholarly journals Biomechanical study on the stress distribution of the knee joint after distal femoral fracture malunion with residual varus-valgus deformity 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Pan Hu ◽  
Lijie Ma ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Wenli Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Distal Femoral Fracture ◽  
Lateral Plateau

Abstract Background: To investigate the effect of residual varus and valgus deformity on the stress distribution of knee joint after distal femoral fracture malunion. Methods: Fourteen adult cadaver specimens with formalin were selected to establish the femoral fractures models, which were fixed subsequently at neutral position (anatomical reduction) and malunion positions (at 3 degrees, 7 degrees, 10 degrees valgus positions and 3 degrees, 7 degrees, and 10 degrees varus positions). The stress distribution on the medial and lateral plateau of the tibia was quantitatively measured using ultra-low pressure sensitive film technology. The change of stress distribution of knee joint after femoral fracture malunion and the relationship between stress value and residual varus varus or valgus deformity were analyzed.Results: Under 400 N vertical load, the stress values on the medial and lateral plateau of the tibia at the neutral position were 1.162±0.114 MPa and 1.103±0.144 MPa, respectively. When compared with the stress values measured at the neutral position, the stress on the medial plateau of tibia were significantly higher at varus deformities and lower at valgus deformities, and the stress on the lateral plateau was significantly higher at valgus deformity and lower at varus deformities (all P<0.05). The stress values on the medial plateau of tibia were significantly higher than the corresponding data on the lateral plateau at neutral and 3 degrees, 7 degrees, 10 degrees varus deformities, respectively (all P<0.05), and significantly lower than the corresponding data on the lateral plateau at 3 degrees, 7 degrees, 10 degrees valgus deformities, respectively (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Residual varus and valgus deformity after femoral fracture malunion can cause obvious changes of the stress distribution of knee joint. Therefore, the distal femoral fracture should be anatomically reduced and rigidly fixed to avoid residual varus-valgus deformity and malalignment of lower limbs.

scholarly journals Gambaran Proses Pembuatan Transfemoral Prosthesis Menggunakan Polycentric Knee Joint Untuk Pasien Amputasi Atas Lutut

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismi Dwi Syafitri ◽  
Nur Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Gait Abnormality ◽  
Gait Abnormalities ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Transfemoral Prosthesis

Abstract : Transfemoral Amputasi, Transfemoral Prosthesis, Polycentric Knee Joint. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there are 40 million amputees throughout the developing countries. Amputation in the lower limbs reached 85% -90% of all amputations. Transfemoral amputation because of this amputation occurs in the thigh that passed through the femur bone. Amputation causes significant gait abnormalities. amputation levels increased, the functional level is reduced, and the characteristic of the gait abnormality is immediately apparent. Transfemoral Prosthesis is artificial limb that made for above knee amputation. making process of transfemoral prosthesis includes assessment, measurement, casting, fabrication, fitting, finishing. Of all components for transfemoral patients, prosthetic knee joints are the most important components that can affect to gait stability. The choice for the type of popular passive knee mechanism is polycentric knee. The polycentric knee joint mechanism, linkage of 4 and 6 bar mechanisms have been used to increase stability during the stance and kinematic phase of the swing phase.

scholarly journals RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF KNEE JOINT WIDTH DIFFERENCES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SYMPTOMATIC MEDIAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMWON YOON ◽  
YOUNGJOO CHA ◽  
HYUNSIK YOON ◽  
KYOUNGTAE KIM ◽  
ILBONG PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Joint Space Width ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Medial Knee ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Significant Difference

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative articular disease. The knee joint space width (JSW) is used for grading the severity of knee OA. However, there is a lack of research on differences in the widths of knee joints between both lower limbs in unilateral OA. The purpose of this research was to examine the radiological difference in the affected knee joint and contralateral knee joint by analyzing unilateral older adults with medial knee OA using both knees’ JSW differences. Twenty-five subjects with unilateral medial knee OA participated. X-ray radiographs were used to assess knee JSW, and the paired [Formula: see text]-test was performed to assess the knee joint gap width between the affected side and the unaffected side in the respective medial and lateral sides. The independent [Formula: see text]-test compared the differences between the lateral and medial knee JSWs on the affected side and unaffected side. The paired [Formula: see text]-test did not show a significant difference in the medial and lateral knee JSW on the affected side compared to the unaffected side ([Formula: see text]; 0.11). Meanwhile, the independent [Formula: see text]-test revealed a significant difference between the affected and unaffected sides ([Formula: see text]). This study showed no significant changes in affected knee JSWs compared to unaffected sides, but the difference between the lateral and medial JSWs was significant between the knees affected and unaffected by OA in the older adults with medial knee OA.

A Technique to Detect Fatigue in the Lower Limbs

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullatif A. Alwasel ◽  
Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Carl T. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Time History ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Kinematic Parameter ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Reconstructed Phase Space

As muscles fatigue, their passive and active mechanical properties change increasing the susceptibility of the human body to damage. The state-of-the-art technique for muscle fatigue detection, EMG signals, is cumbersome. This paper presents a technique to detect fatigue by tracking a kinematic parameter of the musculoskeletal system. The method uses the time-history of a single joint angle to detect fatigue in the lower limbs. A sensor is mounted to the knee joint to measure the knee flexion angle. Time delay embedding is used to track the orbit of knee joint motions in a reconstructed phase-space. The reconstructed phase-space allows us to obtain information about other body parts and joints of the lower limb in addition to the knee joint, since they are all connected in an open kinematic chain. Long-time drift in the orbit location and shape in phase-space is quantified and used as a measure of lower limb fatigue. The proposed technique presents a mobile, wireless, and cheap method to assess fatigue that can act as an early warning system for the lower limb.

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