Analysis of the Problem of Ensuring the Noise Stability of the Civil Aircraft Navigation Systems

Author(s):  
Dmitry Alexandrovich Zatuchny ◽  
Ruslan Nikolaevich Akinshin ◽  
Nina Ivanovna Romancheva ◽  
Igor Viktorovich Avtin ◽  
Yury Grigorievich Shatrakov
Author(s):  
Dmitry Alexandrovich Zatuchny ◽  
Ruslan Nikolaevich Akinshin ◽  
Nina Ivanovna Romancheva ◽  
Igor Viktorovich Avtin ◽  
Yury Grigorievich Shatrakov

Author(s):  
Д.А. Смирнов ◽  
В.Г. Бондарев ◽  
А.В. Николенко

Проведен краткий анализ как отечественных, так и зарубежных систем межсамолетной навигации. В ходе анализа были отражены недостатки систем межсамолетной навигации и представлен актуальный подход повышения точности системы навигации за счет применения системы технического зрения. Для определения местоположения ведущего самолета предлагается рассмотреть в качестве измерительного комплекса систему технического зрения, которая способна решать большой круг задач на различных этапах, в частности, и полет строем. Систему технического зрения предлагается установить на ведомом самолете с целью измерения всех параметров, необходимых для формирования автоматического управления полетом летательного аппарата. Обработка изображений ведущего самолета выполняется с целью определения координат трех идентичных точек на фоточувствительных матрицах. Причем в качестве этих точек выбираются оптически контрастные элементы конструкции летательного аппарата, например окончания крыла, хвостового оперения и т.д. Для упрощения процедуры обработки изображений возможно использование полупроводниковых источников света в инфракрасном диапазоне (например, с длиной волны λ = 1,54 мкм), что позволяет работать даже в сложных метеоусловиях. Такой подход может быть использован при автоматизации полета строем более чем двух летательных аппаратов, при этом необходимо только оборудовать системой технического зрения все ведомые самолеты группы The article provides a brief analysis of both domestic and foreign inter-aircraft navigation systems. In the course of the analysis, we found the shortcomings of inter-aircraft navigation systems and presented an up-to-date approach to improving the accuracy of the navigation system through the use of a technical vision system. To determine the location of the leading aircraft, we proposed to consider a technical vision system as a measuring complex, which is able to solve a large range of tasks at various stages, in particular, flight in formation. We proposed to install the technical vision system on the slave aircraft in order to measure all the parameters necessary for the formation of automatic flight control of the aircraft. We performed an image processing of the leading aircraft to determine the coordinates of three identical points on photosensitive matrices. Moreover, we selected optically contrasting elements of the aircraft structure as these points, for example, the end of the wing, tail, etc. To simplify the image processing procedure, it is possible to use semiconductor light sources in the infrared range (for example, with a wavelength of λ = 1.54 microns), which allows us to work even in difficult weather conditions. This approach can be used when automating a flight in formation of more than two aircraft, while it is only necessary to equip all the guided aircraft of the group with a technical vision system


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
M. RAJA ◽  
Gaurav ASTHANA ◽  
Ajay SINGH ◽  
Ashna SINGHAL ◽  
Pallavi LAKRA

Navigation has a huge application in aviation and aircraft automatic approach. Two widely used navigation systems are Global position System (GPS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS). Triangulation method used to determine the aircrafts location by GPS, speed whereas an INS, with the aid of gyroscope and accelerometer, estimates the location, velocity and alignment of an aircraft. Aircraft navigation is a complex task and using only one of the above navigation systems results in inaccurate and insufficient data. GPS stops working when satellite signal is not received, susceptible to interfere occasionally has high noise content, and has a low bandwidth, INS system requires external information for initialization has long-term drift errors. Certain errors like ionosphere interference, clock error, orbital error, position error, etc. might arise and disrupt the navigation process. In order to outrun the limitations of the above two systems and counter the errors, both INS and GPS can be integrated and used to attain more smooth, accurate and faster aircraft attitude estimates, as they have complementary strengths and limitations. GPS is stable for a long period and can act as an independent navigation system whereas INS is not susceptible to interference and signal losses has high radio bandwidth and works well for short intervals of time. In order to get accurate and precise attitude estimation, calculation of the parameters at different altitude using both systems is done; furthermore the comparison and contrast between the results is performed, measured quantities are transformed between various frames like longitudinal to rolling, calculation and elimination of errors is done producing the final solution. Because of integrated GPS and INS, the navigation system exhibits robustness, higher bandwidth, better noise characteristics, and long-term stability.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
E.V. Karshakov ◽  
◽  
B.V. Pavlov ◽  
M.Yu. Tkhorenko ◽  
I.A. Papusha ◽  
...  

The paper analyses the development prospects for aircraft navigation systems using onboard geophysical field measurements. Prospective systems that are not widely applied yet are considered: magnetic gradiometers measuring the stationary magnetic field gradient, gravity gradiometers measuring the gravity field gradient, and electromagnetic systems measuring the alternating part of magnetic field. We discuss the main problems to be solved during airborne measurements of these parameters and give an overview of algorithms and hardware solutions. We analyse the results of onboard measurements and estimate the possible navigation accuracy.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliseev B. P. ◽  
Kozlov A. I. ◽  
Romancheva N. I. ◽  
Shatrakov Y. G. ◽  
Zatuchny D. A. ◽  
...  

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Blanchard

This paper is the fourth chapter of a series on Air Navigation Systems during theperiod from the early oceanic flights and the inception of commercial aviation to the introduction of INS in civil aircraft. Comments on the content of the paper would be welcomed by the author and the editor.


1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-266

Navigation by the use of inertial information is now an accepted technique for military aircraft and for missiles. In civil aircraft the application of inertial techniques are, as yet, limited to defining the vertical and providing a memory of azimuth direction; that is, as aids to flight rather than a primary or even sole navigational aid. Although the principles applied—the inertial properties of matter and the laws of gravitation—are the same, the accuracy of the inertial sensors differs by some three orders of magnitude, and the cost by some two orders, between these two extremes.Mr. A. Stratton of the Royal Aircraft Establishment first of all presents in perspective the range of application of inertial techniques that are available for civil use and suggests how the information obtained by inertial means can be related to that from other airborne sources. He shows that even if the expense of an accurate inertial platform of ‘navigational’ quality should not be justified, considerable advantage over existing sources obtains in terms of accurate attitude reference, and instantaneous velocity and acceleration, by the use of a lower-grade platform in conjunction with other navigation aids.


1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-406
Author(s):  
J. E. D. Williams

This paper is the first of a series on Air Navigation Systems during the fifty years from the early oceanic flights and the inception of commercial aviation to the introduction of INS in civil aircraft. These papers are intended as critical commentaries. A definitive history has yet to be written. The writer would be grateful to receive criticisms of the paper or comments on the subject.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document