Accuracy in Determining Aircraft Position by Terrestrial Radio Navigation

The main objective of terrestrial radio navigation is position determination. In this study, the accuracy of the distance measurement, distance difference measurement, and integrated angle measurement/distance measurement terrestrial radio navigation methods is investigated. in order to calculate the position errors, simulations for the aircraft flight dynamics were carried out, and the obtained position values were compared with the actual values. The aircraft position determination methods were evaluated in the sense of accuracy. The position determination method with better accuracy was determined by comparing the absolute errors of the examined methods. Simulation and error analysis shows that the distance difference method is superior and gives more accurate position results. It was observed that the distance measurement method errors were smaller than the errors of the integrated angle measurement/distance measurement method.

Investigation of UWB RF signal technology for solving indoor positioning problem

The article considers the process of developing a local positioning system using an ultra-wideband radio signal system and its integration with a strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS). A system based on Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) technology is used as a radio navigation system. An overview of the developed experimental integrated navigation system model is presented. Algorithms for calculating the position using the propagation time of the radio signal are used to obtain a navigation solution. An analysis of the accuracy of Single-Sided Two-Way Ranging and Double-Sided Two-Way Ranging algorithms using a UWB radio module is presented. The modeling errors of the inertial navigation system were performed. The maximum permissible parameters of the sensitive element errors were obtained for integration with the radio navigation system. The scheme of integration of the navigation solution of the UWB and SINS systems is determined.

Methods of improving the coordinates determining accuracy using inertial geodetic systems

The authors consider the principle of geodetic definitions using inertial systems in the absence of signals from satellite radio navigation systems and insufficient density of the initial geodetic base. A technique of improving the coordinates’ accuracy determining using inertial geodetic systems is proposed. Compensation of these systems’ errors is performed through joint equalization of data received from the inertial system, gyrotheodolite and rangefinder. In order to test the methodology, a mathematical model of the ground object movement with an inertial geodetic system was compiled. The simulation results confirm the suitability of the developed methodology. A full-scale experiment was conducted to test the efficiency of the technique. Its results are consistent with those of the simulation. The analysis of the data obtained enables concluding that the developed technique provides an increase in the accuracy of determining coordinates using inertial geodetic systems in the absence or distortion of signals from satellite radio navigation systems and insufficient density of the initial geodetic base. That is why it can be used in operational geodetic training under conditions of autonomy.

Space weather: risk factors for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Extreme space weather events affect the stability and quality of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) of the second generation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou/Compass) and GNSS augmentation. We review the theory about mechanisms behind the impact of geomagnetic storms, ionospheric irregularities, and powerful solar radio bursts on the GNSS user segment. We also summarize experimental observations of the space weather effects on GNSS performance in 2000–2020 to confirm the theory. We analyze the probability of failures in measurements of radio navigation parameters, decrease in positioning accuracy of GNSS users in dual-frequency mode and differential navigation mode (RTK), and in precise point positioning (PPP). Additionally, the review includes data on the occurrence of dangerous and extreme space weather phenomena and the possibility for predicting their im- pact on the GNSS user segment. The main conclusions of the review are as follows: 1) the positioning error in GNSS users may increase up to 10 times in various modes during extreme space weather events, as compared to the background level; 2) GNSS space and ground segments have been significantly modernized over the past decade, thus allowing a substantial in- crease in noise resistance of GNSS under powerful solar radio burst impacts; 3) there is a great possibility for increasing the tracking stability and accuracy of radio navigation parameters by introducing algorithms for adaptive lock loop tuning, taking into account the influence of space weather events; 4) at present, the urgent scientific and technical problem of modernizing GNSS by improving the scientific methodology, hardware and software for monitoring the system integrity and monitoring the availability of required navigation parameters, taking into account the impact of extreme space weather events, is still unresolved.

Space weather: risk factors for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Extreme space weather events affect the stability and quality of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) of the second generation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou/Compass) and GNSS augmentation. We review the theory about mechanisms behind the impact of geomagnetic storms, ionospheric irregularities, and powerful solar radio bursts on the GNSS user segment. We also summarize experimental observations of the space weather effects on GNSS performance in 2000–2020 to confirm the theory. We analyze the probability of failures in measurements of radio navigation parameters, decrease in positioning accuracy of GNSS users in dual-frequency mode and differential navigation mode (RTK), and in precise point positioning (PPP). Additionally, the review includes data on the occurrence of dangerous and extreme space weather phenomena and the possibility for predicting their im- pact on the GNSS user segment. The main conclusions of the review are as follows: 1) the positioning error in GNSS users may increase up to 10 times in various modes during extreme space weather events, as compared to the background level; 2) GNSS space and ground segments have been significantly modernized over the past decade, thus allowing a substantial in- crease in noise resistance of GNSS under powerful solar radio burst impacts; 3) there is a great possibility for increasing the tracking stability and accuracy of radio navigation parameters by introducing algorithms for adaptive lock loop tuning, taking into account the influence of space weather events; 4) at present, the urgent scientific and technical problem of modernizing GNSS by improving the scientific methodology, hardware and software for monitoring the system integrity and monitoring the availability of required navigation parameters, taking into account the impact of extreme space weather events, is still unresolved.