Seed Production Technologies of Some Major Field Crops

2019 ◽  
pp. 655-678
Author(s):  
Irfan Afzal ◽  
Rubab Shabir ◽  
Saeed Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Production Technologies

scholarly journals Role Of Disspro And Cbsp On Current Seed Supply Situation In Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suroj Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Supply Situation ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Seed Supply

The seed replacement rate of major field crops is very low, about 8%, in Nepal with 92% seed supply of major field crops from informal sector. Different seed production initiatives are undertaken by public and private sectors. However, their role and effectiveness on seed sector development have not been assessed. A review on secondary data related to seed production and usage and primary data collected from different public and private organizations in the year 2011were used to assess the role of District Level Seed Self Sufficiency Program and Community Based Seed Production program on current seed supply situation in Nepal. DISSPRO is the most popular, widely adopted and cheapest seed producing program with annual production of 40.4% followed by CBSP 3.83% of the total certified/improved seeds in the country. The seed production trend of DISSPRO and CBSP is rapidly increasing. Strengthening seed sector through the integration of DISSPRO, CBSP and other seed initiatives together with effective enforcement of seed regulation for quality seed multiplication, distribution and use is necessary for rapid rise on SRR, enhancing crop production and food security in Nepal. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:13, Jun.2012, Page 53-59 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v13i0.7588

A Method of Measuring Pollinator Populations on Field Crops

1952 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 314-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Smith ◽  
G. F. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Pollinator Populations

The seed production of many field crops, and in particular of legumes, depends to a large degree upon the number of pollinating insects present in the field during the blooming period. A study of the various factors affecting seed production requires, among other things, a knowledge of the population of pollinating insects present, and a ready means of comparing pollinator populations from one field to another. To obtain this information some means must be employed to count and classify the pollinating insects in the field.

scholarly journals On the substantiation of the effectiveness of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning of seed heap of herbs after the grate device

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Tverdokhlib Igor ◽  
Spirin Anatoly
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Centrifugal Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Assembly Technology ◽  
One Machine

The agrobiological and physico-mechanical properties of leguminous seed plants do not allow them to be harvested without loss exclusively by combine technologies. One way to increase the productivity of the seed production process is to include stationary machines in the assembly technology for wiping and separating seed heaps. Combining these important operations with one machine will further increase the efficiency of legume seed production technologies. This work is devoted to considering ways to increase the efficiency of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning seed heaps. A review of recent studies and publications has shown that there is a sufficient methodological basis for determining the parameters of the process of separation of the heap and purification of the exhaust air. An analysis of the publications made it possible to determine the purpose of the research, which is to increase the efficiency of the grater-separation unit by substantiating its scheme and the method of theoretical determination of the parameters of the separation process. According to the results of previous studies, a structural scheme of the grater-separating device is proposed. The main elements of the block are a grater device, which consists of a motionless and movable corrugated discs of the separating device with separate channels for the exit of seeds, straw part of the heap, air. To increase the efficiency of the cleaning process, a blade swirler and a louvre nozzle are placed in the separating device, which provide the air flow with rotational movement around the axis of the cyclone body. In theoretical studies of the motion of particles in a rotational air flow, the simplified assumption was adopted: the particles are spherical, do not deform, and do not interact with each other, the inertia force is directed along the radius of the cyclonic chamber, the tangential and axial components of the particle velocity are equal to the corresponding components of the air velocity, and the particle resistance force determined by the Stokes law, the force of attraction is much less than the centrifugal force, so we neglect it. The obtained formulas allow one to approximately determine the parameters of the cyclone device that will ensure the separation of the seeds of legumes.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF FIELD CROP SEED PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Artem Lukomec
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
High Quality Seed

Seed production of field crops plays a key role in ensuring food security of the country and is a continuation of the selection process, a necessary link for the development and maintenance of the variety. In seed production, the main object is a variety that is genetically close to each other a certain group of plants, homogeneous in morphological and biological properties. The finish of high-quality seed production is seeds with good varietal and sowing qualities. The main condition for effective production of field crops is a well-established seed production system, which is a set of functionally interconnected structures engaged in the production of elite and reproductive seeds. Seed production of field crops solves two main tasks: variety exchange and variety renewal. When a variety is changed, one zoned variety is replaced by another with more valuable economic characteristics. During variety renewal, varietal seeds in farms are replaced with seeds of the same varieties, but of higher reproductions. Usually, seeds for cereals and legumes are updated every 3-4 years, for millet - every 2 years, for sunflower - annually. The main goal of seed production of field crops is to maintain a set of characteristics of the variety, its most valuable qualities and economic indicators.

scholarly journals Are there indications of climate change induced increases in variability of major field crops in the northernmost European conditions?

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PELTONEN-SAINIO ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN ◽  
K. HAKALA
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality

As the northern hemisphere will experience the greatest increases in temperature and indications of climatic change are already visible in the north (in the 2000s average temperatures exceeded the long-term mean), we sought to establish if there are already signs of increased variability in yield and quality of the major field crops grown under the northernmost European growing conditions: spring and winter cereals (barley Hordeum vulgare L., oat Avena sativa L., wheat Triticum aestivum L., rye Secale cereale L.), spring rapeseed (turnip rape Brassica rapa L., oilseed rape B. napus L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). We used long-term yield datasets of FAO for Finland (1960s to date) and MTT Agrifood Research Finland (MTT) Official Variety Trial datasets on yield and quality of major field crops in Finland since the 1970s. Yield variability was exceptionally high in the 1980s and 1990s, but previously and subsequently national yields were clearly more stable. No progressive increase in yield variability was recorded. No marked and systematic changes in variability of quality traits were recorded, except for rapeseed, which exhibited reduced variability in seed chlorophyll content. This may at least partly attribute to the differences in intensity of input use and thereby responsiveness of the crops before and after 1980 and 1990 decades. We also noted that in the 2000s average temperatures were higher than in earlier decades and this was the case for all months of the growing season except June, which represents, however, the most critical phase for yield determination in most of the field crops in Finland. Also in the 2000s precipitation increased in the first three months of the growing season and thereafter decreased, but without signs of significantly increased numbers of heavy showers (extreme rain events). Hence, in general constant, increased average temperatures during the growing seasons of the 2000s were identified, but with reduced yield variability, which was partly attributable to the diminished use of inputs, especially fertilisers.;

scholarly journals Streamlining organig seed production technologies for vegetable species by making seed conditioning module

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Stroescu ◽  
Anisoara Paun ◽  
Carmen Bracacescu ◽  
Mihai Olan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Seed Conditioning

scholarly journals Yield Gap Analysis in Major Field Crops of Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
A. Divakaran ◽  
V. Keerthana ◽  
M. Udhayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Field Crops

Agriculture plays a vital role in Indian economy, contributes 13% of gross domestic product and provides employment opportunities to more than 50% of work force.  In India 60% of land area are arable leads to second largest country in terms of total arable land area. The technology development rate is 2 percent and farm productivity rate only increase by 0.3 percent in major crops. It implied that outreach of technology from lab to land have several constraints. In this study, yields gaps of major field crops are calculated with the data provided by the joint directorate of Tamil Nadu, to find, to which extent the advancement in agriculture is helpful and it is found out that the yield gap II of selected varieties of major crops are high. It shows the deviation from the potential yield of the variety with the actual yield obtained by the farmer.

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