Effect of initial biomass concentration on the growth of immobilized Nitrosomonas europaea

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Wijffels ◽  
A. W. Schepers ◽  
M. Smit ◽  
C. D. de Gooijer ◽  
J. Tramper
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Nitrosomonas Europaea ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration

Effect of initial biomass concentration on the growth of immobilized Nitrosomonas europaea

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Schepers ◽  
M. Smit ◽  
C. D. Gooijer Go ◽  
J. Tramper ◽  
Not Available Not Available ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Nitrosomonas Europaea ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration

Determination of the Maintenance Requirements of Activated Sludge

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chang ◽  
P. Chudoba ◽  
B. Capdeville
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
The Cost

Maintenance energy plays an important role both in basic kinetic studies and in process development. Numerous studies have been devoted to the maintenance concept in various microbial fields but very few in biological wastewater treatment. Using a fermenter coupled to a mass spectrometer, we investigated the influence of the ratio So/Xo (ratio between initial substrate concentration and initial biomass concentration) on the observed sludge growth yield of an oxic-settling anaerobic (OSA) system. By measuring the substrate removed, the oxygen consumed and the carbon dioxide produced, we were able to estimate the substrate fraction used for maintenance purposes. The results indicate that at a high So/Xo ratio, a greater proportion of the substrate is devoted to maintenance thus significantly decreasing the observed growth yield. These findings are of particular importance in view of the cost associated with the disposal of excess sludge in aerobic wastewater treatment processes.

Influence of the initial substrate to microorganisms concentration ratio on the methanogenic inhibition test

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Moreno-Andrade ◽  
G. Buitrón
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Initial Substrate

The influence of the initial substrate to microorganisms ratio (So/Xo) on the inhibition of the methane production caused by 4-chlorophenol, 4CP, was studied. The effect of the 4CP on glucose degradation was evaluated measuring the quantity of methane produced during the test. One part of the inoculum was used as it came from its origin and another was fed with ethanol in order to maintain its activity. The inhibition tests were carried out using the same initial concentration of glucose, three initial suspended solids concentrations and eight initial concentrations of 4CP. The use of ethanol-acclimatized sludge presented a great influence on the inhibition results, since the inhibition was greater in the raw sludge than the acclimated one. Significant differences in the inhibition tests were found depending on the initial So/Xo ratio with respect to the glucose as substrate. It was observed that the inhibition decreases as the So/Xo decreases, in other words as the initial biomass concentration increases. When the results were analyzed in respect to the 4CP it was observed that the inhibition increases as the So/Xo increases. Also, it was observed that for the same value of So/Xo there is an increase of the inhibition when the quantity of Xo decreases.

Explanation of Biological Meaning of the So/Xo Ratio in Batch Cultivation

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chudoba ◽  
B. Capdeville ◽  
J. Chudoba
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Kinetic Constants ◽  
Cell Multiplication ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Exogenous Substrate

It is shown that the most important parameter in batch cultivation of mixed cultures is the ratio of the initial substrate concentration to the initial biomass concentration (So/Xo as COD/biomass). When the ratio is sufficiently low (below 2-4 depending on the mixed culture history) no cell multiplication takes place during the exogenous substrate removal. Under these conditions, a biomass increase is mostly due to the synthesis of storage polymers. It is also shown that the observed yield, Yobs, decreases with increasing So/Xo ratio. Under the high So/Xo conditions, more energy is spent for cell multiplication, which results in greater part of substrate being oxidized. Batch cultivation at high So/Xo ratios results also in higher concentrations of microbial polymers produced as waste products of mixed culture microorganisms. It is concluded that for the biodegradation studies with the aim to obtain kinetic constants it is necessary to work at low So/Xo ratios to prevent mixed culture microorganisms from substantial multiplication. This is necessary because cell multiplication during batch cultivation of mixed culture changes the proportion among slow-growers and fast-growers. This is the only way to obtain the kinetic constants which are representative of the original mixed culture.

A Mathematical Model of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) Production in a Plug-Flow Reactor Treating the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Negri ◽  
J. Mata-Alvarez ◽  
C. Sans ◽  
F. Cecchi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Suspended Biomass

A mathematical model of a plug-flow reactor with a fluid recycle has been elaborated to simulate the VFA production process treating the organic fraction of the municipal solid waste. An alternative hydrolytic reaction model (homogeneous - heterogeneous) is proposed. The effect of a possible methanization step is also considered. The effect of process parameters (solid retention time (SRT), pH, recycle ratio) on the reactor performance is analyzed for parameters based on fruit and vegetable waste. The sensitivity of the model to proposed parameters (suspended biomass and initial biomass concentration) is also evaluated. It is found that the reactor production is very sensitive to the system pH. At low SRT, the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) is proportional to this parameter. As the SRT increases methanization can reduce the VFA production. The effect of the recycle is negligible for the system and operating conditions studied. The effect of suspended biomass and initial biomass concentration was found to be also negligible. For the system analyzed, the pH is a critical parameter and a plug-flow arrangement (without recycle) seems to be the more reasonable election.

Influence of So/Xo Ratio on Anaerobic Activity Test

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Moreno ◽  
Arturo Cruz ◽  
Germán Buitrón
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Initial Substrate Concentration

The effect of the substrate/microorganism ratio during the development of anaerobic activity test was studied. The experimentation was carried out in serum bottles at 35°C. Two sets of experiments utilizing acetate and an azo dye (blue disperse 79) as the sole source of carbon were studied. It was observed that mixing has an important influence on the results. The initial substrate concentration and the initial biomass concentration had a significant effect on the reaction rate and on the biomass yield coefficient, Yobs. Different kinetic coefficients were found for the case of equal So/Xo ratio, but different initial substrate concentration.

CO2 Biofixation via Spirulina sp. Cultures: Evaluation of Initial Biomass Concentration in Tubular and Raceway Photobioreactors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-943
Author(s):  
Jessica Hartwig Duarte ◽  
Letícia Schneider Fanka ◽  
Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Co2 Biofixation

Effect of initial biomass concentration on bioregeneration of 4-chlorophenol-loaded granular activated carbon: kinetic and efficiency studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Da Oh ◽  
Poh-Eng Lim ◽  
Chye-Eng Seng ◽  
Norita Mohamed ◽  
Rohana Adnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration

scholarly journals Simultaneous Cultivation of Spirulina platensis and the Toxigenic Cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa ◽  
Michele Greque de Morais ◽  
Francieli Dalcanton ◽  
Carolina da Cruz Reichert ◽  
Andrei José Durante
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Lagoon Water ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
South Of Brazil

Abstract Mangueira Lagoon, located in the extreme south of Brazil, has water with physicochemical characteristics such as alkaline pH and carbonate levels propitious for the growth of the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. Previously published studies have shown that Mangueira Lagoon water supplemented with small quantities of carbon and nitrogen is suitable for S. platensis cultivation and can significantly reduce production costs. We studied mixed cultures of Spirulina platensis and the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa using a 23 factorial design in which the three factors were the initial biomass concentration of S. platensis and M. aeruginosa and the type of culture medium (100% Zarrouk’s medium or 80% Mangueira Lagoon water plus 20% Zarrouk’s medium). The highest S. platensis maximum specific growth rate (μmax) occurred in the culture with the highest M. aeruginosa biomass concentration and when undiluted culture medium was used (μmax = 0.283 d-1). The highest M. aeruginosa specific death rate (k) was obtained in the presence of S. platensis (k = 0.555 d-1) and was independent of the initial M. aeruginosa biomass concentration and culture medium, demonstrating that S. platensis cultures are not susceptible to contamination by M. aeruginosa. The culture medium had no significant influence (p > 0.05) on S. platensis μmax values, indicating that production costs could be reduced by using a medium consisting of 80% Mangueira Lagoon water plus 20% Zarrouk’s medium

Degradation of Carbaryl and 1-Naphthol by Spent Mushroom Compost Microorganisms

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2081-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Regan ◽  
W. S. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Spent Mushroom Compost ◽  
Initial Biomass Concentration ◽  
Kinetics Of

The capabilities of spent mushroom compost microorganisms in degrading carbaryl and 1-naphthol were evaluated. No lag phases were observed for the two compounds. The microbial degradation kinetics of the two compounds could be interpreted very well by Pseudo-first-order model. The biodegradation rate constants of two compounds were affected by initial biomass concentration and aeration rate significantly. The rate constants of carbaryl and 1-naphthol were 0.2S1 hr−1, 0.105 hr−1 respectively under the aerobic condition (aeration rate 600 ml/min and initial biomass concentration 100 mg/l). Thus, the half-life of carbaryl and 1-naphthol were 2.761 hrs, 6.600 hrs respectively.

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