Stellungnahme zu den Anmerkungen von B. Madea zu dem Beitrag: “Determination of calcium and magnesium in post mortem human vitreous humor as a test to certain the cause and time of death” von R. Novak and S. Balabanova

1990 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
W. Gaus
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

scholarly journals Application of research in the field of forensic entomology for determining the time of death in dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
PIOTR LISTOS ◽  
MAGDALENA GRYZIŃSKA ◽  
JUSTYNA BATKOWSKA ◽  
MAŁGORZATA DYLEWSKA ◽  
KATARZYNA CZEPIEL-MIL
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Entomology ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calliphora Vicina ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Main Experiment ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Precisely determined time of death is one of the most important pieces of information obtained during a post-mortem investigation. There are several traditional methods for determining time of death, the most important of which are evaluation of early post-mortem changes, such as the change in body temperature. The study was aimed at identifying insects collected from the body and establishing the time of death by observing the developmental cycle of the indicator species Calliphora vicina. The material for the main experiment was the carcass of a dog. The length of the developmental cycles of insects depends on ambient conditions, so studies should take as many criteria as possible into account. Succession of arthropods, as well as the species composition and indicator insects of particular stages of decomposition, is very similar in human and animal carcasses. The results obtained were considered with respect to the time that had passed since the death of the animal. Experiments on dog carcasses may in the future contribute to the development of research enabling determination of the time of death of animals, which is a subject of increasing interest in forensic veterinary medicine....

scholarly journals Determination of the time of death of dogs using atropine and pilocarpine in the early post-mortem period – an assessment of the usefulness of the method

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (07) ◽  
pp. 6546-2021
Author(s):  
KINGA PANASIUK-FLAK ◽  
MAŁGORZATA GRELA ◽  
PIOTR LISTOS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Research Material

To determine the time of death in the early post-mortem period, i.e. up to a few hours or a few days, methods involving measurement of body temperature and observations of supravital reactions are used. One of the most promising methods is measurement of the reactivity of the pupil under the influence of substances such as those used in this study, atropine and pilocarpine. The research material was two groups of dogs, one with body weight over 40 kg and another under 10 kg, whose time of death was known. At 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes post-mortem, atropine or pilocarpine drops were placed in the conjunctival sac and the change in pupil diameter was measured. The study clearly showed that the method is useful in forensic estimation of the time of death of an animal. In order to verify the reliability of the method, there is a need for further study.

scholarly journals ULTRASOUND STANDARDS FOR ANTENATAL FETAL DEATH

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
V. F. Bezhenar ◽  
L. A. Ivanova ◽  
N. V. Belitchenko
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Developmental Defect ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Possible Cause

Antenatal death is the cessation of fetal heart contractions during pregnancy for more than 22 weeks prior to the onset of labor. Objective: to evaluate the capabilities of the method of ultrasound in antenatal fetal death. Tasks of ultrasound in the presence of a dead fetus: a statement of his death; determining the position, presentation, size, estimated fetal weight and gestational age; detection of congenital malformations (CM) and possible causes of death; clarification of the statute of limitations of death. We have analyzed 126 standard ultrasound protocols of pregnant women with antenatal fetal death. Ascertaining the cessation of heart contractions and determining the location of the fetus present no difficulties for the ultrasound doctor. The assessment of the conformity of the size of the fetus to the gestational period during antenatal death is better determined by measuring the diaphysis of the long bones. Head sizes are used only when it is possible to clearly assess the typical structures of a biparietal slice. The determination of the estimated mass of the fetus is difficult due to autolytic changes and, usually, lack of water. The diagnosis of CM, first established after ascertaining antenatal fetal death, should cause the doctor to doubt that it is in front of us — a developmental defect, as a possible cause of intrauterine death or post-mortem changes that depend on previous intravital changes, cause and duration of death. The article describes the dynamics of the appearance of post-mortem changes. Conclusions: with antenatal fetal death, it is impractical to determine the expected mass of the fetus, it is preferable to estimate the period of probable cessation of development from the measurement of long tubular bones; during an ultrasound of the deceased fetus, it is often impossible to reliably determine the presence/absence of CM and the exact time of death; change in the amount of amniotic fluid is not a reliable diagnostic criterion for the duration of death.

scholarly journals Assessment of temperature changes in carcasses in the early post-mortem period using the spectrum of a thermal imaging camera

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
PIOTR LISTOS ◽  
MAGDALENA GRYZIŃSKA ◽  
KINGA PANASIUK-FLAK ◽  
MARZANNA CIESIELKA ◽  
GRZEGORZ TERESIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Imaging Camera

Precise determination of the time of death of a human being or animal is extremely important for investigations by law enforcement agencies. The aim of the study was to use a thermal imaging camera for imaging of the cooling of dog carcasses in controlled conditions, as a practical application of thermal imaging in veterinary forensics for the purpose of establishing the time of death of an animal, as well as to compare the usefulness of this method with that of the currently used Henssge nomogram. A thermographic technique exploiting infrared radiation was used in the study. The research material was 10 dog carcasses (5 female and 5 male) aged 6 to 16 years, with body weight from 23 to 36 kg. Thermal imaging of a carcass in combination with other methods, such as measurement of internal body temperature and analysis of post-mortem changes, enables reliable determination of the time of death of an animal, which is often of fundamental importance in veterinary forensic practice.

Determination of the Time of Death by Continuous Post-Mortem Temperature Measurements

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn Simonsen ◽  
Jorgen Voigt ◽  
Niels Jeppesen
Keyword(s):  
Brain Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Brain

In 20 cases with known times of death continuous post-mortem measurements of the temperature fall in brain, calf, liver, axilla and rectum of the bodies have been made, and, in addition, the environmental temperature has been recorded. The observations were not made under standardized conditions, and the clothing of the bodies was left untouched as far as possible. The measurements of the brain temperatures have given the greatest accuracy in determining the time of death; for temperatures above 25 °C the uncertainty was of the order of magnitude of ±2 1/2 hours, at lower temperatures greater. The other sites of measurement permitted less reliable estimates of the post-mortem time, but none of them were found to be appropriate beyond 20 hours after death. There is one factor which cannot be calculated. It is the temperature at the moment of death. All investigations show that it may vary enormously. In the present study the difference between the maximum and the minimum starting temperature ranges between 5 °C and 8 °C, dependent on the site of measurement. As the fall in temperature—irrespective of the site of measurement—during the first few hours post mortem is of the magnitude of 1 °C per hour, the above variation gives an inaccuracy which by far exceeds what can be achieved of greater accuracy by the aid of brain temperature measurements. For this reason the authors feel justified in concluding that the determination of the time of death will always be encumbered with great uncertainty, but that the most reliable estimate within the first 20 hours after death can be based upon the measurement of the brain temperature associated with an evaluation of the development of the signs of death. None of the other methods tested so far appears to have offered a greater reliability.

scholarly journals Combined Determination of Glucose and Fructosamine in Vitreous Humor as a Post-Mortem Tool to Identify Antemortem Hyperglycemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Vivero ◽  
Guillermo Vivero-Salmerón ◽  
Maria D. Pérez Cárceles ◽  
Andrés Bedate ◽  
Aurelio Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Post Mortem
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