Effects of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise plus dietary restriction on body composition, resting energy expenditure and aerobic fitness in mildly obese middle-aged women

Introduction: Young and early middle-aged office workers spend most of the day sitting or sleeping. Few studies have used a metabolic chamber to report sitting resting energy expenditure (REE) or sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) estimation equations. This study aimed to develop novel equations for estimating sitting REE and SMR, and previously published equations for SMR were compared against measured values. Methods: The relationships among sitting REE, SMR, and body composition measured in clinical trials were analyzed. The body composition (fat-free mass [FFM] and fat mass) and energy metabolism of 85 healthy young and early middle-aged Japanese individuals were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and a metabolic chamber, respectively. Novel estimate equations were developed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Estimates of SMR using a new equation and 2 published equations were compared against measured SMR. Results: The sitting mREE and mSMR were highly correlated (r = 0.756, p < 0.01). The new FFM-based estimate accounted for 50.4% of the variance in measured sitting REE (mREE) and 82.3% of the variance in measured SMR (mSMR). The new body weight-based estimate accounted for 49.3% of the variance in sitting mREE and 82.2% of the variance in mSMR. Compared with mSMR, the SMR estimate using an FFM-based published equation was slightly underestimated. Conclusion: These novel body weight- and FFM-based equations may help estimate sitting REE and SMR in young and early middle-aged adults. Previous SMR estimated FFM-based equations were slightly underestimated against measured SMR; however, we confirmed the previous SMR estimate equations could be useful. This finding suggests that sitting REE and SMR can be easily estimated from individual characteristics and applied in clinical settings.

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The Diagnostic-Measurement Method—Resting Energy Expenditure Assessment of Polish Children Practicing Football

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11020340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 340

Author(s):

Edyta Łuszczki ◽

Anna Bartosiewicz ◽

Katarzyna Dereń ◽

Maciej Kuchciak ◽

Łukasz Oleksy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Indirect Calorimetry ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Body Height ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Blood Pressure Monitor ◽

Resting Energy

Establishing the amount of energy needed to cover the energy demand of children doing sport training and thus ensuring they achieve an even energy balance requires the resting energy expenditure (REE) to be estimated. One of the methods that measures REE is the indirect calorimetry method, which may be influenced by many factors, including body composition, gender, age, height or blood pressure. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the resting energy expenditure of children regularly playing football and selected factors that influence the REE in this group. The study was conducted among 219 children aged 9 to 17 using a calorimeter, a device used to assess body composition by the electrical bioimpedance method by means of segment analyzer and a blood pressure monitor. The results of REE obtained by indirect calorimetry were compared with the results calculated using the ready-to-use formula, the Harris Benedict formula. The results showed a significant correlation of girls’ resting energy expenditure with muscle mass and body height, while boys’ resting energy expenditure was correlated with muscle mass and body water content. The value of the REE was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.001) than the value of the basal metabolic rate calculated by means of Harris Benedict formula. The obtained results can be a worthwhile suggestion for specialists dealing with energy demand planning in children, especially among those who are physically active to achieve optimal sporting successes ensuring proper functioning of their body.

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Female rats selectively bred for high intrinsic aerobic fitness are protected from ovariectomy-associated metabolic dysfunction

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00401.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 308 (6) ◽

pp. R530-R542 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Victoria J. Vieira-Potter ◽

Jaume Padilla ◽

Young-Min Park ◽

Rebecca J. Welly ◽

Rebecca J. Scroggins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Female Rats ◽

Metabolic Dysfunction ◽

Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽

Resting Energy

Ovariectomized rodents model human menopause in that they rapidly gain weight, reduce spontaneous physical activity (SPA), and develop metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance. How contrasting aerobic fitness levels impacts ovariectomy (OVX)-associated metabolic dysfunction is not known. Female rats selectively bred for high and low intrinsic aerobic fitness [high-capacity runners (HCR) and low-capacity runners (LCR), respectively] were maintained under sedentary conditions for 39 wk. Midway through the observation period, OVX or sham (SHM) operations were performed providing HCR-SHM, HCR-OVX, LCR-SHM, and LCR-OVX groups. Glucose tolerance, energy expenditure, and SPA were measured before and 4 wk after surgery, while body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and adipose tissue distribution, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle phenotype, hepatic lipid content, insulin resistance via homeostatic assessment model of insulin resistance and AdipoIR, and blood lipids were assessed at death. Remarkably, HCR were protected from OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance, observed only in LCR. HCR rats were ∼30% smaller, had ∼70% greater spontaneous physical activity (SPA), consumed ∼10% more relative energy, had greater skeletal muscle proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-alpha, and ∼40% more BAT. OVX did not increase energy intake and reduced SPA to the same extent in both HCR and LCR. LCR were particularly affected by an OVX-associated reduction in resting energy expenditure and experienced a reduction in relative BAT; resting energy expenditure correlated positively with BAT across all animals ( r = 0.6; P < 0.001). In conclusion, despite reduced SPA following OVX, high intrinsic aerobic fitness protects against OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance. The mechanism may involve preservation of resting energy expenditure.

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Resting Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Bedridden Institutionalized Elderly Women With Advanced-Stage Pressure Sores

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/62.3.317 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 317-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

G. Sergi ◽

A. Coin ◽

S. Mulone ◽

E. Castegnaro ◽

V. Giantin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Pressure Sores ◽

Advanced Stage ◽

Institutionalized Elderly ◽

Resting Energy

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Age‐associated changes of resting energy expenditure, body composition and fat distribution in Chinese Han males

Physiological Reports ◽

10.14814/phy2.13940 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (23) ◽

pp. e13940 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nousayhah Amdanee ◽

Wenjuan Di ◽

Juan Liu ◽

Jing Yu ◽

Yunlu Sheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Fat Distribution ◽

Chinese Han ◽

Resting Energy

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Resting Energy Expenditure and Cold Induced Thermogenesis in Patients with Overt Hyperthyroidism

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab706 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Claudia Irene Maushart ◽

Jaël Rut Senn ◽

Rahel Catherina Loeliger ◽

Judith Siegenthaler ◽

Fabienne Bur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Skin Temperature ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Free T4 ◽

Free T3 ◽

Euthyroid State ◽

Overt Hyperthyroidism ◽

Resting Energy

Abstract Context Thyroid hormone is crucial for the adaptation to cold. Objective To evaluate the effect of hyperthyroidism on resting energy expenditure (REE), cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) and changes in body composition and weight. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Endocrine outpatient clinic at tertiary referral center. Patients Eighteen patients with overt hyperthyroidism. Main Outcome Measures We measured REE during hyperthyroidism, after restoring euthyroid TH levels and after 3 months of normal thyroid function. In fourteen patients energy expenditure (EE) was measured before and after a mild cold exposure of two hours and CIT was the difference between EEcold and EEwarm. Skin temperatures at eight positions were recorded during the study visits. Body composition was assessed by dual X-ray absorption. Results Free T4 (fT4) and free T3 (fT3) decreased significantly over time (fT4, p=0.0003; fT3, p=0.0001). REE corrected for lean body mass (LBM) decreased from 42 ± 6.7 kcal/24h/kg LBM in the hyperthyroid to 33±4.4 kcal/24h/kg LBM (-21%, p<0.0001 vs hyperthyroid) in the euthyroid state and three months later to 33 ± 5.2 kcal/24h/kg LBM (-21%, p=0.0022 vs. hyperthyroid, overall p<0.0001). Free T4 (p=0.0001) and free T3 (p<0.0001) were predictors of REE. CIT did not change from the hyperthyroid to the euthyroid state (p=0.96). Hyperthyroidism led to increased skin temperature at warm ambient conditions but did not alter core body temperature, nor skin temperature after cold exposure. Weight regain and body composition were not influenced by REE and CIT during the hyperthyroid state. Conclusions CIT is not increased in patients with overt hyperthyroidism.

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