Reproductive effort during gestation and lactation by Richardson's ground squirrels

Oecologia ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail R. Michener
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Ground Squirrels

Reproductive effort and costs of reproduction in female European ground squirrels

Oecologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Huber ◽  
Eva Millesi ◽  
Manfred Walzl ◽  
John Dittami ◽  
Walter Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Costs Of Reproduction

Differential Costs of Reproductive Effort for Male and Female Richardson's Ground Squirrels

Ecology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail R. Michener ◽  
L. Locklear
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Differential Costs

Timing is the only thing: reproduction in female yellow ground squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Vasilieva ◽  
A.V. Tchabovsky
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Offspring Survival ◽  
Litter Mass ◽  
Individual Offspring ◽  
Female Survival ◽  
Spermophilus Fulvus

Based on 4-year field observations of yellow ground squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus (Lichtenstein, 1823)), we determined whether female reproductive effort, annual reproductive success, and survival were dependent on age, body condition, time of emergence from hibernation, and previous reproduction. The probability of weaning a litter did not vary with female age, body condition, time of emergence, or previous reproduction. Litter size, litter mass, and offspring survival did not vary with age, whereas individual offspring mass was lower in yearlings than in older females. Body condition upon emergence had no effect on litter size, litter mass, offspring mass, and survival. Reproduction did not influence female survival, physical condition upon emergence next spring, or subsequent reproductive efforts. The only factor that affected the extent of reproductive effort and offspring survival was the date of emergence: the later a female emerged, the lower the total and mean offspring mass, and fewer offspring survived. The modulation of reproduction in female S. fulvus by only the timing of vernal emergence and independent of other individual characteristics can be explained by the high costs of missed reproductive opportunity because of short longevity combined with low costs of reproduction when resources are abundant enough to meet both somatic and reproductive needs.

Growth and its relationship to the initial annual cycle of the golden-mantled ground squirrel, Spermophilus lateralis

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Spermophilus Lateralis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Populations

Thirty-eight litters of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis), from two populations that experienced different lengths of active season, were born and raised in the laboratory. Growth and development in young were inversely related to litter size. Offspring from smaller litters were both able to attain their prehibernation peak of body mass sooner and hibernate after fewer days of homeothermy than squirrels from larger litters. Young that remained homeothermic throughout the initial overwintering period were always from large litters and among the slowest growing littermates. Fecundity was lower in females from the temporally compressed environment. There was no significant difference between populations in the nutrition provided by mothers to their litters. The results suggest that reproductive effort is more conservative in populations of ground squirrels that experience short seasons of activity, yet this conservatism allows the offspring of those populations to reach independence and attain the prehibernation state of preparedness at an earlier age than their counterparts from populations of more moderate climates.

scholarly journals Sexual Differences in Reproductive Effort of Richardson's Ground Squirrels

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Michener
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Sexual Differences

High Reproductive Effort and Low Recruitment Rates of European Beech: Is There a Limit for the Superior Competitor?

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Szwagrzyk ◽  
Georg Gratzer ◽  
Hanna Stępniewska ◽  
Janusz Szewczyk ◽  
Bojana Veselinovic
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
European Beech ◽  
High Reproductive Effort

scholarly journals Bottlenecks and rescue effects in a fluctuating population of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Brooke McEachern ◽  
Dirk H. Van Vuren ◽  
Chris H. Floyd ◽  
Bernie May ◽  
John M. Eadie
Keyword(s):  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Spermophilus Lateralis

scholarly journals Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Photic Entrainment of Circannual Rhythms in Ground Squirrels

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Lee ◽  
Irving Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Photic Entrainment
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