Some observations on the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity of mice after depletion of cerebral monoamines

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hutchins ◽  
K. J. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity

A circadian rhythm in the locomotive behaviour of the giant garden slug Limax maximus

1977 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
P. G. Sokolove ◽  
C. M. Beiswanger ◽  
D. J. Prior ◽  
A. Gelperin
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Circadian Rhythmicity ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Circadian Activity ◽  
Locomotor Rhythm ◽  
Activity Peak ◽  
Limax Maximus

The locomotor activity of the garden slug Limax maximus was examined for components of circadian rhythmicity. Behavioural (running wheel) studies clearly demonstrated that the activity satisfies the principal criteria of circadian rhythmicity. In constant darkness at a constant temperature, the locomotor activity freeran with a period of about 24 h (range 23-6-24-6 h). The rhythm was also expressed in constant light with a period for individual slugs that tended to be shorter in LL than in DD. The period of the rhythm was temperature compensated (11–5-21-5 degrees C) with a Q10 approximately equal to 1–00. The locomotor rhythm could be entrained to 24 h LD cycles such that the circadian activity peak occurred during the dark. The phase angle between the onset of activity and lights-off was not fixed, but was a function of the photoperiod of the entraining light cycle.

Effects of aging on entrainment and rate of resynchronization of circadian locomotor activity

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. R1099-R1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Zee ◽  
R. S. Rosenberg ◽  
F. W. Turek
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
Phase Advance ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Free Running Period ◽  
Related Phase

The phase angle of entrainment of the circadian rhythm of the locomotor activity rhythm to a light-dark (LD) cycle was examined in young (2-5 mo old) and middle-aged (13-16 mo old) hamsters. An age-related phase advance in the onset of locomotor activity relative to lights off was seen during stable entrainment to a 14:10-h LD cycle. In addition, the effects of age on the rate of reentrainment of the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity were examined by subjecting young and middle-aged hamsters to either an 8-h advance or delay shift of the LD cycle. Middle-aged hamsters resynchronized more rapidly after a phase advance of the LD cycle than did young hamsters, whereas young hamsters were able to phase delay more rapidly than middle-aged hamsters. The age-related phase advance of activity onset under entrained conditions, and the alteration of responses in middle-aged hamsters reentraining to a phase-shifted LD cycle, may be due to the shortening of the free-running period of the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity with advancing age that has previously been observed in this species.

P–372 Maternal circadian disruption is associated with impaired rhythmic expression of molecular clock genes and IUGR during placenta development in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N I Bektas ◽  
G Akcay ◽  
N Derin ◽  
D Adiguzel ◽  
C Celik-Ozenci
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Molecular Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Rhythmic Expression ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Study question Are molecular clock genes (MCGs) expressed rhythmically in mouse placenta, and whether maternal circadian rhythm disruption (MCRD) is associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) through disturbing rhythmic expression of MCGs? Summary answer Maternal circadian disruption causes impaired rhythmic expression of MCGs (Bmal1, Clock, Npas2, Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, and Cry2) and IUGR during placenta development in mice. What is known already The world economy is based on a 24/7 society and shift work or jet travel across time zones disrupts circadian rhythm in pregnant women. Evidence indicates that gestational chrono-disruption results in IUGR. Mature mouse and human placenta express MCGs. There is no information in the literature on whether the MCG expression in the placenta is rhythmic or not and whether the rhythmic expression of MCGs is impaired due to MCRD during pregnancy. Also, it is not known whether the association with MCRD and IUGR is related to MCGs. Study design, size, duration Young adult female BALB/c mice were paired with males until vaginal plug formation was verified. Females were randomly assigned to two groups: control and phase-advance. Controls remained on a constant 12-hr light:12-hr dark cycle, whereas phase-advanced mice were subjected to 6-hr advances in the LD cycle every 5 days. Placentae (n = 1329) and fetuses were obtained from 144 mice at Zeitgeber time (ZT)0, ZT6, ZT12, and ZT18 days 12, 14, and 16 of pregnancy. Participants/materials, setting, methods The following analysis was performed: (i) open field test was used for locomotor activity evaluations to confirm MCRD, (ii) placenta/fetus weight ratio for evaluation of IUGR development, (iii) morphometric evaluation of placental compartments utilizing H&E staining (iv) gene expression analysis of MCGs utilizing qRT-PCR. One-way and Two-way ANOVA test followed by Holm-Sidak posthoc test was used for multiple comparisons. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error, and values below p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Main results and the role of chance Expression of MCGs (Bmal1, Clock, Npas2, Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, and Cry2) was rhythmic in the early and mature placenta development stages (days 12, 14, 16). Locomotor activity tests reveal that the total distance covered on the 16th day of pregnancy significantly decreased compared to the control group (p = 0.000158). The ratio of the time spent in the outer/inner quadrant, an anxiety indicator, significantly increased in the MCRD group on the 14th (p = 0.0351) and 16th days of pregnancy (p = 0.000329). While the number of fetuses was similar in both groups for all gestational days (p = 0.896), in the MCRD group, the fetus/placenta weight ratio decreased significantly on the 12th and 16th days of pregnancy (p < 0.001). Thus, IUGR developed due to MCRD. Histomorphometry analysis of the placental compartments revealed a significant reduction in the spongiotrophoblast layer’s size on all days of pregnancy and the labyrinth layer on day 16 (p < 0.05). Finally, the rhythmic expression MCGs were impaired in placentas obtained from MCRD groups on days 12th, 14th, 6th of pregnancy (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we found a robust relationship with the disturbed MCGs expression and occurrence of IUGR during a chrono-disrupted gestation. Limitations, reasons for caution Since this study was conducted in mice, care should be taken when translating the results to humans. Wider implications of the findings: Our results in mice are important for initiating basic science knowledge regarding the outcomes of maternal chrono-disruption. Moreover, research in the placenta of gestational chrono-disrupted mothers, such as shift-workers, are urgently needed to translate our findings into the clinic. Trial registration number TUBITAK–119S121 and Akdeniz University Research Projects Unit TYL–2018–3960

scholarly journals Effects of a semi-chronic exposition to Paraquat and Maneb on the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in Wistar rats

IBRO Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S96
Author(s):  
Nada Fath ◽  
Anass Tinakoua ◽  
Nouria Lakhdar-Ghazal ◽  
Nouria Lakhdar-Ghazal
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats

scholarly journals The Effect of Light Pulses on the Circadian Rhythm in Locomotor Activity of the Hagfish.

1993 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1503-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kabasawa ◽  
Sadako Ooka-Souda
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Light Pulses ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals A Novel Function of the Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 (LPAR3) Gene in Zebrafish on Modulating Anxiety, Circadian Rhythm Locomotor Activity, and Short-Term Memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Nung Lin ◽  
Gilbert Audira ◽  
Nemi Malhotra ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh ◽  
Petrus Siregar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lpa Receptors

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a small lysophospholipid molecule that activates multiple cellular functions through pathways with G-protein-coupled receptors. So far, six LPA receptors (LPAR1 to LPAR6) have been discovered and each one of them can connect to the downstream cell message-transmitting network. A previous study demonstrated that LPA receptors found in blood-producing stem cells can enhance erythropoietic processes through the activation of LPAR3. In the current study, newly discovered functions of LPAR3 were identified through extensive behavioral tests in lpar3 knockout (KO) zebrafish. It was found that the adult lpar3 KO zebrafish display an abnormal movement orientation and altered exploratory behavior compared to that of the control group in the three-dimensional locomotor and novel tank tests, respectively. Furthermore, consistent with those results, in the circadian rhythm locomotor activity test, the lpar3 KO zebrafish showed a lower level of angular velocity and average speed during the light cycles, indicating an hyperactivity-like behavior. In addition, the mutant fish also exhibited considerably higher locomotor activity during the dark cycle. Supporting those findings, this phenomenon was also displayed in the lpar3 KO zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, several important behavior alterations were also observed in the adult lpar3 KO fish, including a lower degree of aggression, less interest in conspecific social interaction, and looser shoal formation. However, there was no significant difference regarding the predator avoidance behavior between the mutant and the control fish. In addition, lpar3 KO zebrafish displayed memory deficiency in the passive avoidance test. These in vivo results support for the first time that the lpar3 gene plays a novel role in modulating behaviors of anxiety, aggression, social interaction, circadian rhythm locomotor activity, and memory retention in zebrafish.

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