Determination of the diameter of the electron probe of a scanning electron microscope

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1350
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Novikov ◽  
A. V. Rakov ◽  
I. Yu. Stekolin ◽  
I. B. Strizhkov

Author(s):  
David Joy ◽  
James Pawley

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) builds up an image by sampling contiguous sub-volumes near the surface of the specimen. A fine electron beam selectively excites each sub-volume and then the intensity of some resulting signal is measured. The spatial resolution of images made using such a process is limited by at least three factors. Two of these determine the size of the interaction volume: the size of the electron probe and the extent to which detectable signal is excited from locations remote from the beam impact point. A third limitation emerges from the fact that the probing beam is composed of a finite number of discrete particles and therefore that the accuracy with which any detectable signal can be measured is limited by Poisson statistics applied to this number (or to the number of events actually detected if this is smaller).



2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Doverbratt ◽  
Helena Alexanderson

The grain transfer protocol presents a step-by-step guide on how to successfully transfer positioned grains from a single-grain luminescence disc to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) specimen stub and how to transport them between laboratories. Single-grain luminescence analysis allows the determination of luminescence characteristics for individual sand-sized grains. By combining such luminescence data with other grain properties such as geochemical composition, shape, or structure also at single-grain level, it is possible to investigate factors controlling luminescence signals or study other material properties. The non-luminescence properties are typically measured in another instrument; thus, grains need to be transferred between machines and sample holders, and sometimes also between laboratories. It is then important that the position of each grain is known and stable so that the properties from the same grain are compared. By providing an easily observable orientation marker on the specimen stub, the hundred numbered grains from the single-grain disc can be transferred and later identified when analyzed in the SEM.



2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher John Edgcombe ◽  
Ugo Valdrè

AbstractAn overview and new results are presented of the investigations carried out in the last 5 years on nano-sized tips by means of electron microscopy, an electron optical bench, and computation. Tungsten and, in particular, carbon nano-tips prepared by carbon contamination in a scanning electron microscope, were studied for applications as field-emission electron sources. Several features of their use are described and the results concerning the determination of some of their basic properties are reported.



2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-387
Author(s):  
Christopher John Edgcombe ◽  
Ugo Valdrè

Abstract An overview and new results are presented of the investigations carried out in the last 5 years on nano-sized tips by means of electron microscopy, an electron optical bench, and computation. Tungsten and, in particular, carbon nano-tips prepared by carbon contamination in a scanning electron microscope, were studied for applications as field-emission electron sources. Several features of their use are described and the results concerning the determination of some of their basic properties are reported.



Natural-B ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Lalu A. Didik ◽  
Eka Rahmawati ◽  
Fadli Robiandi ◽  
Susi Rahayu ◽  
Abdurrouf Abdurrouf ◽  
...  


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojian Cao ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Tianchong Yu ◽  
Yuxing Qing

Determination of the mechanical properties of rock containing pre-existing cracks under tension condition is of great significance to understand the failure process of rock in engineering. This paper presents the experimental results of sandstone containing pre-existing cracks under Brazilian compression. The characteristics of the microcracks were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope. The results show that the rock containing pre-existing cracks has an obvious anisotropic characteristic. When the crack inclination is 45°, the rock has the minimum tensile strength and the weakest axial deformation resistance.





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