Genetic control of the difference in male courtship sound betweenDrosophila virilis andD. lummei

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Hoikkala ◽  
Jaakko Lumme
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Courtship Sound

Some Observations On Social Organisation and Non-Random Mating in Captive Burmese Red Junglefowl (Gallus Gallus Spadiceus)

Behaviour ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 228-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Lill
Keyword(s):  
Random Mating ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Male Preference ◽  
Red Junglefowl ◽  
Copulatory Activity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Courtship Activity ◽  
Female Behaviour

Abstract1. Non-random mating was observed in captive Burmese Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus spadiceus) in three experimental situations. 2. When eight cocks were released singly for short periods (one hour) with each of two female flocks it was found that, in one flock, crouching and the coition incidence were non-random; the distribution of female crouching exerted only a limited effect on the distribution of copulations. 3. A quantitative analysis of the courtship of these males revealed that the correlation between differences in male courtship and the distribution of crouching was of an incomplete nature. The cock which elicited most crouches, R, also performed more crouch-evoking displays than other males. Other factors were also important in effecting non-random crouching by females. 4. In a heterosexual flock with four resident males there was a strong correlation between male dominance status and sexual activity. Only the top ranking cock interfered with other males' matings, his own matings being undisturbed. The result was non-random mating, in which only the alpha cock copulated. 5. When the number of males was increased to six, interference was not restricted to the alpha cock and several of his attempted matings were disturbed. This was due to increased sexual excitement through social facilitation, and the net result was a reduction in copulatory activity, effecting random-mating. It was further found that non-random female crouching occurred, the second ranking cock eliciting significantly more sexual crouches than any other male. 6. In two female flocks with single resident males, some elements of male courtship activity were non-randomly distributed amongst the females. In flock II female crouching behaviour exerted a strong affect on male courtship activity, but this was not the case in flock 1. The difference was attributable to a different level of sexual vigour between the two males. 7. The basis of non-random courtship by the males is obscure but is probably based on differences in female behaviour. It is misleading to regard this phenomenon as male "preference" for individual females, it is better categorised as a response to signals irrespective of the identity of the 'signaller'. 8. The occurrence of non-random mating in wild gallinaceous species, particularly those exhibiting a 'lek' courtship, is discussed briefly. Some tentative parallels are drawn with the present work. 9. The present results are very similar to those obtained by several authors for the domestic fowl, which has a very similar social behaviour repertoire.

Inheritance of male courtship sound characteristics inDrosophila littoralis

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Hoikkala ◽  
Jaakko Lumme
Keyword(s):  
Male Courtship ◽  
Courtship Sound

scholarly journals Differences in spawning time of captive Atlantic cod from four regions of Norway, kept under identical conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Otterå ◽  
Ann-Lisbeth Agnalt ◽  
Knut E. Jørstad
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Several hundred Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) were collected from selected spawning grounds along the Norwegian coast in March 2002. Four areas or regions that represent a wide range of environmental conditions were chosen for our breeding experiments: Porsangerfjord, Tysfjord, Helgeland, and Øygarden. Cod were transported to Øygarden near Bergen, individually tagged, and kept in sea cages. In both 2003 and 2004, a total of 40 family groups (adult pairs) representing the four regions were monitored for their spawning performance in separate tanks. During the spawning period, the quantity and diameter of eggs were recorded. During 2003, the time of peak spawning differed among groups. It was evident that the broodstock from the Øygarden region spawned about one month earlier than the broodstock collected from the Helgeland region. This also occurred in 2004, two years after the cod were collected, suggesting that the difference has a genetic component. Differences in life history parameters between cod populations, such as spawning cycles as described here, could be adaptive and under genetic control. This must be taken into consideration when assessing precautionary means of overcoming the problem with escapees from future cod mariculture.

Genetic variation in the male courtship sound ofDrosophila littoralis

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Hoikkala
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Courtship Sound

Genetic control of wood density profile in young Douglas-fir

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Loo-Dinkins ◽  
J. S. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Difference

The relative density profile from pith to bark was examined in young Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stems at 1.3, 0.7, and 0.4 m above the ground. The trees represented 22 half-sib families growing at two progeny test locations. The objective was to evaluate the reliability of wood samples taken from below breast height (1.3 m) for selection for relative density in young coastal Douglas-fir progeny tests. The relative density profile appeared to be different for the first 6 or 7 years from the pith at the different sampling heights, but the difference decreased with cambial age. Genetic correlation estimates were sufficiently high to indicate identical genetic control at the three sampling heights, but heritability estimates were higher at 1.3 and 0.7 m than at 0.4 m. Sampling at 0.7 m is as effective as at 1.3 m. This allows reliable selection 1 to 2 years earlier than by sampling at 1.3 m.

scholarly journals GENETIC CONTROL OF Adh EXPRESSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-933
Author(s):  
G Maroni ◽  
C C Laurie-Ahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Structural Gene ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Natural Variants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Natural variants displaying different levels of expression of the gene for alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) were subjected to genetic mapping experiments. The strains studied carry one of the two common electrophoretic forms of the enzyme. The difference among Adh  - fast strains appears to be due to multiple loci with trans-acting effects. Differences among Adh  - slow strains are due to modifiers or quantitative sites located very close to the structural gene (less than 0.05 map unit) or part of it. The modifiers detected in the Adhs strains seem to operate only on the structural allele in the cis-position.—A modifier that affects the ratio of ADH levels in larvae and adults was also detected in the Adhs strains. This modifier is also closely linked to Adh and is cis-acting.

Variation in the pteridine content in the heads of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae: Glossina Wiedemann): evidence for genetic control

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Mclntyre ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

The pteridine content of the head capsule of teneral flies from 11 genetically selected lines (including eye-color mutants) of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy was examined using fluorescence spectroscopy. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had a greater pteridine content than did wild-type G. m. morsitans. Within G. m. morsitans there was a 25% variation in fluorescence values between genetic lines. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had the same pteridine content as brick mutants but more than tan mutants; in G. m. morsitans the salmon mutants had a higher pteridine content than did wild-type flies. Pteridine content did not account for the difference in eye color between male and female brick mutants. Accumulation of pteridines was not influenced by genotype in young flies, but in older flies salmon mutants accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did wild-type flies. Young flies, both wild type and salmon, accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did old flies. The results of the analysis of head capsule fluorescence in males from the parental lines and F1 and F2 generations of reciprocal crosses of the G. m. morsitans lines with the highest and lowest pteridine contents revealed that genetic control of pteridine content lies on the X chromosome and on one autosome.

Genetic control of blood potassium concentration in Welsh Mountain sheep

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. H. Khattab ◽  
J. H. Watson ◽  
R. F. E. Axford
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Satisfactory Method ◽  
Blood Potassium ◽  
The Difference

The distribution of whole blood potassium concentration in 1783 Welsh Mountain sheep shows marked bimodality, varying about two modes, of 44 and 14 m-equiv./l.The difference between high (HK) and low (LK) potassium types was not clear-cut. About 5 % of animals lay in the area where the tails of the two distributions merge.Haematocrit values and plasma potassium concentrations were used to estimate erythrocyte potassium levels. They confirmed that the bimodality is due to variation within erythrocytes but did not offer a satisfactory method of allocating intermediate animals.

scholarly journals Genetic control of recombination inSchizophyllum commune: evidence for a new type of regulatory site

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Stamberg ◽  
Y. Koltin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Regulatory Site ◽  
Recognition Sites ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
Fine Control ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYTwo strains ofS. communecharacterized by different levels of high recombination frequency in a particular region of the genome (between the two subunits, α and β, of theBincompatibility factor) were crossed, and their progeny tested for recombination frequency in the same region. The difference between the strains in recombination frequency is found to be due to some factor located within the recombining region itself.The segregation among the progeny indicates that the factor consists of a number of sites, with additive effects. This and the dominance relationships suggest that these sites may be recognition sites which comprise a part of the fine control of recombination.

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