Effects of varying levels and frequencies of irrigation on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and water use efficiency of maize and cowpeas on a sandy loam ultisol

1985 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. C. Mbagwu ◽  
J. O. Osuigwe
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Influence of omitting irrigation and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and water use efficiency of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumar ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
R. Chhillar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment conducted on the sandy loam soil in New Delhi during the winter season of 2003–2004 indicated that the application of three irrigations at the branching, flowering and seed formation stages gave the maximum values of growth and yield attributes (plant height and branches plant −1 , umbels plant −1 , umbellets umbel −1 and seeds umbel −1 ) with the highest seed and stover yields, but was at par with omitting one irrigation at the seed formation stage. The data on the growth and yield indicated that, compared to the other stages, omitting irrigation at the flowering strage resulted in the greatest reduction. The growth and yield attributes and the seed and stover yield of coriander significantly responded to fertilization up to 80 kg N ha −1 . The crop evapotranspiration was the highest with the application of three irrigations, but the water use efficiency remained the highest when irrigation was omitted at the seed formation stage. Nitrogen fertilization up to 120 kg and 80 kg N ha −1 increased the water use and water use efficiency, respectively.

Water Stress Effects on Growth, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Hemarthria Compressa

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 578-585
Author(s):  
Zhong Wen Yang ◽  
Jun Ying Jin ◽  
Xin Yi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Hemarthria Compressa

Water stress is an important approach to use water resources efficiently and remit the agricultural water shortage. Hemarthria compressa is one of perennial grasses, a pasture of high quality, which has abundant species resources in China. To explore the response of the growth, yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of Hemarthria compressa under water stress, this study, adapting pot experiment, imposed three water stress degree (LD, MD and SD) treatments and a control treatment on Hemarthria compressa. The data of growth indicators during control period, yield and total water consumption were obtained. The results show a noticeable inhibitory action of water stress on the growth of Hemarthria compressa. Along with the intensifying of water stress, plant height increment, leaf area, total biomass, dry matter of each organ and yield decreased, and the root-shoot ratio increased firstly and inclined to slump finally. Plants under the middle water stress treatment achieved the greatest WUE of 38.25 kg/m3. The first 10d in the water control period was the most sensitive period of the pasture responding to water stress.

scholarly journals PHENOLOGY, YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF SUNFLOWER IN FUNCTION OF ENVIRONMENT AND NITROGEN / FENOLOGIA, RENDIMIENTO Y EFICIENCIA EN EL USO DEL AGUA EN FUNCION DEL AMBIENTE Y NITRÓGENO / PHÉNOLOGIE, RENDEMENT ET EFFICACITÉ DE L’UTILISATION DE L’EAU EN FONCTION DES ENVIRONS ET DE L’AZOTE CHEZ LE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Víctor M. Olalde G. ◽  
J. Alberto Escalante E. ◽  
Angel A. Mastache L.
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYDuring the rainy season of 1998, a field experiment was established in Cocula, Guerrero (hot subhumid climate, Awo) and in Montecillo, México (semiarid climate, BS1), to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (0, 10 and 20 g m-2) and environment on phenology, yield and its components, water use efficiency (WUE), and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and heat units (HU) accumulated during the growth cycle of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cv. Victoria. The crop was planted on June 1 at a density of 7.5 pl m-2 in both climates. In Cocula, maximum and minimum temperatures were more extreme and rainfall was more intense, while soil was poor in total nitrogen, compared with Montecillo. Crop growth, yield and its components, and water use efficiency were affected significantly by the environment, nitrogen and the interaction environment * nitrogen. The crop cycle in the hot environment was 36 days shorter, with a greater accumulation of HU and ETc. Yield and its components and water use efficiency were significantly higher in Cocula. Nitrogen positively affected the evaluated variables. The interactive effect of environment * nitrogen was observed clearly, since in Cocula there was response to the application of nitrogen in most of the variables evaluated, while in Montecillo there was not.

scholarly journals Growth, yield, water use efficiency and competitive functions of intercropping system of maize (Zea mays L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) as influenced by irrigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Roy ◽  
M Barman ◽  
AM Puste ◽  
SK Gunri ◽  
K Jana
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, Jaguli (Mohanpur), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India during two consecutive summer seasons of 2010-11, and 2011-12. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design having 4 levels of irrigation– rainfed without mulch, rainfed with mulch, irrigation at IW (depth of irrigation water) / CPE (Cumulative pan evaporation) ratios of 0.5 and 0.75 in main-plot and 4 inter cropping systems, sole maize, sole mungbean, maize + mungbean (1:1 row ratio) and maize + mungbean (3:2 row ratio) considered as sub-plot treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that application of irrigation and intercropping systems markedly influenced the growth, yield and yield components (number of cobs/plant, number of grains/cob in case of maize and number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod in case of mungbean) where the maximum value of these components were recorded with the application of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 0.75 in sole crop. Maize-mungbean in 3:2 row ratio yielded higher than that of 1:1 intercropping system which might be due to less light interception and more competition for water and nutrition between both the crops. CU of water increased with the increasing levels of irrigation and the maximum value (17.75 kg ha-1 mm- 1) of WUE (water use efficiency) was observed with irrigation at IW: CPE ratio 0.75 under intercropping system of maize : mungbean in 3:2 row ratio followed by IW: CPE ratio 0.50. Among the sole crop, maximum WUE was with IW/CPE ratio 0.75 might be due to more consumption of water corresponding to production potential of maize, while, it was more under rainfed with mulch in mungbean. The relative crowding coefficient (RCC) also revealed both the intercropping systems were advantageous and the land equivalent ratio (LER) increased with the level of irrigation.Thus, maize grown in association with mungbean (3:2 row ratio) were found to be more profitable (B:C ratio of 2.58) with higher monetary advantage as compared to sole crop of maize (B:C ratio of 1.98) with the application of irrigation at IW: CPE ratio of 0.75 in new alluvial zone of West Bengal.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 94-107 (2015)

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature and Grafting on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Water Use Efficiency of a Hydroponic Sweet Pepper Crop

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ropokis ◽  
Georgia Ntatsi ◽  
Constantinos Kittas ◽  
Nikolaos Katsoulas ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

In areas characterized by mild winter climate, pepper is frequently cultivated in unheated greenhouses in which the temperature during the winter may drop to suboptimal levels. Under low temperature (LT) conditions, the uptake of nutrients may be altered in a different manner than that of the water and thus their uptake ratio, known as uptake concentration, may be different than in greenhouses with standard temperature (ST) conditions. In the present study, pepper plants of the cultivars “Sammy” and “Orangery”, self-grafted or grafted onto two commercial rootstocks (“Robusto” and “Terrano”), were cultivated in a greenhouse under either ST or LT temperature conditions. The aim of the study was to test the impact of grafting and greenhouse temperature on total yield, water use efficiency, and nutrient uptake. The LT regime reduced the yield by about 50% in “Sammy” and 33% in “Orangery”, irrespective of the grafting combination. Grafting of “Sammy” onto both “Robusto” and “Terrano” increased the total fruit yield by 39% and 34% compared with the self-grafted control, while grafting of “Orangery” increased the yield only when the rootstock was “Terrano”. The yield increase resulted exclusively from enhancement of the fruit number per plant. Both the water consumption and the water use efficiency were negatively affected by the LT regime, however the temperature effect interacted with the rootstock/scion combination. The LT increased the uptake concentrations (UC) of K, Ca, Mg, N, and Mn, while it decreased strongly that of P and slightly the UC of Fe and Zn. The UC of K and Mg were influenced by the rootstock/scion combination, however this effect interacted with the temperature regime. In contrast, the Ca, N, and P concentrations were not influenced by the grafting combination. The results of the present study show that the impact of grafting on yield and nutrient uptake in pepper depend not merely on the rootstock genotype, however on the rootstock/scion combination.

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