Gender differences in cognitive abilities of learning-disabled females and males

1987 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Vogel ◽  
Patricia C. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Learning Disabled

Gender differences in cognitive abilities at 2 years in ELBW infants

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle J. Hindmarsh ◽  
Michael J. O’Callaghan ◽  
Heather A. Mohay ◽  
Yvonne M. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Abilities

Gender Differences and Cognitive Abilities in the Transfer of Training of Basic Flying Skills

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 602-604
Author(s):  
Thomas M. McCloy ◽  
John F. Swiney
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Transfer Of Training ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Air Force Academy ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
One Year

Eighteen Air Force Academy cadets, ten males and eight females, participated in an experiment designed to investigate gender differences in the retention of basic flying skills, and the transfer of training between several basic instrument maneuvers. Additionally, the utility of several cognitive factors in predicting flying performance was investigated. The results indicated that males and females maintain basic instrument flying skills approximately equally well over an intervening period as long as one year. Additionally, gender differences in transfer of training may result from different abilities required by the specific maneuvers as opposed to failure to transfer previously learned skills. Finally, certain cognitive measures exhibit definite utility in predicting flying performance.

scholarly journals Non-Cognitive Abilities And Labor Market Outcomes: The Role Of Work Ethic And Personality Traits On Supervisory Status And Promotion

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Wei Luke Chu ◽  
Susan J. Linz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Market Outcomes

A growing literature suggests that noncognitive abilities are important determinants of earnings. But empirical research on nonwage labor market outcomes is still limited due to data availability. In this paper, we collect employer-employee linked data from six former socialist countries and estimate three noncognitive abilities: adherence to work ethic, the preference for challenge versus affiliation, and locus of control, and their relationship with workers’ supervisory status and promotions. We find that these noncognitive abilities are strong predictors of the likelihood of being a supervisor and being promoted as well as the number of supervisees and promotions. We also study the role of noncognitive abilities in the gender gap in these labor market outcomes. Based on a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, gender differences in these noncognitive abilities can explain a modest proportion of the gender gap in supervisory status and promotions.

Gender differences in multitasking experience and performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 174702182096070
Author(s):  
Kelvin FH Lui ◽  
Ken HM Yip ◽  
Alan C-N Wong
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Web Surfing ◽  
Monitoring Software

There is a widespread stereotype that women are better at multitasking. Previous studies examining gender difference in multitasking used either a concurrent or sequential multitasking paradigm and offered mixed results. This study examined a possibility that men were better at concurrent multitasking while women were better at task switching. In addition, men and women were also compared in terms of multitasking experience, measured by a computer monitoring software, a self-reported Media Use Questionnaire, a laboratory task-switching paradigm, and a self-reported Multitasking Prevalence Inventory. Results showed a smaller concurrent multitasking (dual-task) cost for men than women and no gender difference in sequential multitasking (task-switching) cost. Men had more experience in multitasking involving video games while women were more experienced in multitasking involving music, instant messaging, and web surfing. The gender difference in dual-task performance, however, was not mediated by the gender differences in multitasking experience but completely explained by difference in the processing speed. The findings suggest that men have an advantage in concurrent multitasking, which may be a result of the individual differences in cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Sex Hormones as Cognitive Enhancers?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Núñez ◽  
María J. Maraver ◽  
Lorenza S. Colzato
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Cognitive Enhancers ◽  
Verbal Skills ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Visuospatial Tasks ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Opinion Article

AbstractUnderstanding the differences in the way women and men think has made headway thanks to experiments showing how sex hormones influence cognitive capacities. Masculine and feminine sex hormones (androgens and estrogens, respectively) affect cognition in different ways and may account for some of the gender differences in cognitive abilities, allowing men and women to perform better in certain cognitive tests. In this opinion article, we discuss studies addressing differences in cognitive functions between males and females and the underlying neural substrates, as well as the effects of sex hormone supplementation. Even though some studies on patients receiving exogenous sex hormones showed gender differences that emerge at group levels on a few cognitive tasks, it is not yet clear whether these differences can be partially attributed to hormonal causes. Supplementation of female estrogen can enhance verbal skills, whereas masculine androgen can increase performance in mathematical and visuospatial tasks. Studies of the administration of exogenous sex hormones have allowed further insight into the use of sex hormones as possible cognitive enhancers.

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