Catch-up growth in body mass index is associated neither with reduced insulin sensitivity nor with altered lipid profile in children born small for gestational age

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Torre ◽  
C. Ladaki ◽  
G. Scirè ◽  
G. L. Spadoni ◽  
S. Cianfarani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Altered Lipid

scholarly journals Associations of Size at Birth and Postnatal Catch-up Growth Status With Clinical and Biomedical Characteristics in Prepubertal Girls With Precocious Adrenarche: Preliminary Results

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 2878-2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Uçar ◽  
Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan ◽  
Oğuz Bülent Erol ◽  
Ensar Yekeler ◽  
Nurçin Saka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Precocious Adrenarche ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Prepubertal Girls ◽  
Size At Birth

Context: The causes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in girls with precocious adrenarche (PA) remain unclear. Objective: Our goal was to compare the clinical, biochemical, and ultrasound characteristics of girls with PA whose size at birth was appropriate for gestational age (AGA) vs those born small for gestational age (SGA). PCOS-associated metabolic and morphological correlates were examined. Design: Glucose tolerance, ACTH stimulation, and transabdominal ultrasounds were examined in 56 AGA and 31 SGA girls with PA. Bone age and hormonal profiles were determined. SGA girls were divided into 2 groups by catch-up growth (CUG) status. Subgroups were compared. Results: Chronological age, Tanner stage for pubarche, ovarian volume, and uterine volume were similar between the groups. SGA girls had lower body mass index and higher bone age-adjusted post-corticotropin cortisol. We found increased body mass index-adjusted mean serum insulin, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced IGF-binding protein-1 in SGA girls. Multicystic ovaries were more common in SGA girls (odds ratio [OR] = 9.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.34–28.15; P < .001). SGA girls without CUG had a higher incidence of multicystic ovaries than CUG counterparts (OR = 8.4, 95% CI = 1.4–19.3; P = .027). Being born SGA (OR = 43.4, 95% CI = 6.9–84.7; P = .001] and exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone response (OR = 15.8, 95% CI = 1.7–49.8; P = .015) were associated with multicystic ovaries. Conclusions: Significant differences in hormone levels, insulin sensitivity, and ovarian maturity were found in prepubertal girls with PA who were SGA. Longitudinal follow-up will help determine whether these factors contribute to a specific PCOS phenotype in SGA girls with PA.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, Insulin Sensitivity, and Secretion from Birth to Age Three Years in Small-for-Gestational-Age Children

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 4645-4649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Iñiguez ◽  
Ken Ong ◽  
Rodrigo Bazaes ◽  
Alejandra Avila ◽  
Teresa Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Catch Up

Abstract Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) develops as early as age 1 to 3 yr in small for gestational age (SGA) infants who show rapid catch-up postnatal weight gain. In contrast, greater insulin secretion is related to infancy height gains. We hypothesized that IGF-I levels could be differentially related to gains in length and weight and also differentially related to IR and insulin secretion. Methods: In a prospective study of 50 SGA (birth weight < 5th percentile) and 14 normal birth weight [appropriate for gestational age (AGA)] newborns, we measured serum IGF-I levels at birth, 1 yr, and 3 yr. IR (by homeostasis model assessment) and insulin secretion (by short iv glucose tolerance test) were also measured at 1 yr and 3 yr. Results: SGA infants had similar mean length and weight at 3 yr compared with AGA infants. SGA infants had lower IGF-I levels at birth (P < 0.0001), but conversely they had higher IGF-I levels at 3 yr (P = 0.003) than AGA infants. Within the SGA group, at 1 yr IGF-I was associated with length gain from birth and insulin secretion (P < 0.0001); in contrast at 3 yr IGF-I was positively related to weight, body mass index, and IR. Conclusions: IGF-I levels increased rapidly from birth in SGA, but not AGA children. During the key first-year growth period, IGF-I levels were related to β-cell function and longitudinal growth. In contrast, by 3 yr, when catch-up growth was completed, IGF-I levels were related to body mass index and IR, and these higher IGF-I levels in SGA infants might indicate the presence of relative IGF-I resistance.

Body Mass Index Change Between Pregnancies and Small for Gestational Age Births

2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine J. Cheng ◽  
Kerry Bommarito ◽  
Akihiko Noguchi ◽  
William Holcomb ◽  
Terry Leet
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Body Mass Index Change ◽  
Index Change

Pre-pregnancy body mass index moderates the effect of maternal depressive symptoms on small-for-gestational-age infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Tang ◽  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Jia-Hu Hao ◽  
Kun Huang ◽  
Shao-Jun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms

scholarly journals The Relationship between Maternal Body Mass Index and Tobacco Use on Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Goetzinger ◽  
Alison Cahill ◽  
George Macones ◽  
Anthony Odibo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Postnatal growth in children born small and appropriate for gestational age during the first years of life

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Valūnienė ◽  
Agnė Danylaitė ◽  
Dovilė Kryžiūtė ◽  
Giedrė Ramanauskaitė ◽  
Danutė Lašienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Igf Binding ◽  
Igf Binding Protein

The aim of the study was to evaluate growth pattern of small- and appropriate-for-gestationalage children and to identify prenatal and postnatal risk factors for short stature and development of components of metabolic syndrome. A total of 109 small- and 239 appropriate-for-gestational-age infants were enrolled in the study. Within 24 hours after birth and at 2, 5, 9, 12, 18, 24 months, and 6 years of age, anthropometric data were recorded for study children. Cord blood samples from study infants were collected, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF), IGF-binding protein-3, and leptin levels were measured. Birth weight and height (P<0.001) and insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-binding protein-3, and leptin levels (P<0.05) were lower in children born small for gestational age vs. children born appropriate for gestational age. At 2, 5, 12, 18, and 24 months and 6 years of age, children born small for gestational age remained shorter and weighed less (P<0.001). Waist-to-hip ratio, heart rate at 6 years of age and gain in body mass index from birth up to 6 years of age was higher in children born small for gestational age. Height gain during the first year of life was mainly influenced by birth length and target height. Maternal weight before pregnancy and cord leptin levels were the most significant factors influencing postnatal weight gain during the first years of life. Conclusions. During the first 6 years of life, children born small for gestational age remained shorter and lighter. A greater catch-up in body mass index and tendency towards central pattern of fat distribution during the first years of life might be predisposing factors for the development of long-term metabolic complications in these individuals.

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