411 Postnatal Early Catch-Up Growth and Insulin Sensitivity in Small for Gestational Age Infants.

This article is devoted to the investigation hormonal mechanisms of postnatal growth from birth to age six months in small for gestational age children (SGA) with asymmetrical and asymmetrical IUGR. The IGF-1 and GH levels, insulin sensitivity (by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR)) were measured blood at 3 and 6 months of age. The prospective study includes 40 SGA infants (group 1) - 24 - with asymmetrical (1a) and 16 with symmetrical IUGR babies (1b) and 17 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants (group 2). Most SGA infants showed rapid, or “catch-up” postnatal growth. Symmetrical IUGR infants with “catch-up” growth had higher IGF-1 and growth GH levels at 3 month of age than asymmetrical IUGR with “catch-up” growth (p < 0,05). From 3 to 6 months of age 77 % of infants with “catch-up” growth showed retardation of growth velocity. At 6 month of age SGA infants with “catch-up” growth had lower IGF-1, GH blood levels and HOMA-IR than at 3 months of age (p < 0,05). Infants without “catch-up” growth had similar hormone levels at 3 and 6 months of age. We suppose, that these changes of “GH - IGF-1” axis and insulin sensitivity at age 3 and 6 months in SGA infants are the mechanisms, which promote the postnatal growth. It can be assumed that the same mechanisms may underlie metabolic disorders in later life.

Download Full-text

Catch-up growth in body mass index is associated neither with reduced insulin sensitivity nor with altered lipid profile in children born small for gestational age

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation ◽

10.1007/bf03349254 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 760-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

P. Torre ◽

C. Ladaki ◽

G. Scirè ◽

G. L. Spadoni ◽

S. Cianfarani

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Catch Up ◽

Altered Lipid

Download Full-text

Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Are Related to Catch-Up Growth in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants at Age 1 Year: Results from a Prospective Cohort

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2002-030031 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 88 (8) ◽

pp. 3645-3650 ◽

Cited By ~ 276

Author(s):

Néstor Soto ◽

Rodrigo A. Bazaes ◽

Verónica Peña ◽

Teresa Salazar ◽

Alejandra Ávila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Catch Up

Download Full-text

High-Dose Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment in Non-GH-Deficient Children Born Small for Gestational Age Induces Growth Responses Related to Pretreatment GH Secretion and Associated with a Reversible Decrease in Insulin Sensitivity

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.87.1.8293 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 148-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Francis de Zegher ◽

Ken Ong ◽

Maria van Helvoirt ◽

Angelica Mohn ◽

Katie Woods ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

High Dose ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Gh Treatment ◽

Gh Secretion

Download Full-text

Insulin Responses During Catch-up Growth of Infants Who Were Small for Gestational Age

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.57.3.363 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 363-371

Author(s):

Eleanor Colle ◽

David Schiff ◽

Gail Andrew ◽

Charles B. Bauer ◽

Pamela Fitzhardinge

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Growth Velocity ◽

Insulin Response ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Term Infants ◽

The Mean ◽

Catch Up ◽

Insulin Responses ◽

Permissive Role

Growth characteristics of 15 full-term infants, selected because of weights more than 2 SD below the mean for gestational age, are described. The response to an intravenous injection of glucose was utilized to measure the insulin response of the infants at 6 months. Infants small for gestational age grow at a faster rate than appropriate-for-age infants during the first six months of life. There was a positive correlation between the growth velocity of the period and insulin release and a negative correlation between growth velocity and birth length. There was no correlation between these variables and increases in weight during the same period. Growth velocity during catch-up growth is related to the degree of preceding retardation but insulin may play a permissive role.

Download Full-text

Premature small for gestational age infants fed an exclusive human milk-based diet achieve catch-up growth without metabolic consequences at 2 years of age

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2017-314547 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. F242-F247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chonnikant Visuthranukul ◽

Steven A Abrams ◽

Keli M Hawthorne ◽

Joseph L Hagan ◽

Amy B Hair

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Composition ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Human Milk ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Insulin Level ◽

Metabolic Outcomes ◽

Catch Up

ObjectiveTo compare postdischarge growth, adiposity and metabolic outcomes of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) versus small for gestational age (SGA) premature infants fed an exclusive human milk (HM)-based diet in the neonatal intensive care unit.DesignPremature infants (birth weight ≤1250 g) fed an exclusive HM-based diet were examined at 12–15 months corrected gestational age (CGA) (visit 1) for anthropometrics, serum glucose and non-fasting insulin, and at 18–22 months CGA (visit 2) for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsOf 51 children, 33 were AGA and 18 were SGA at birth. The SGA group had weight gain (g/day) equal to AGA group during the follow-up period. SGA had a significantly greater body mass index (BMI) z-score gain from visit 1 to visit 2 (0.25±1.10 vs −0.21±0.84, p=0.02) reflecting catch-up growth. There were no significant differences in total fat mass (FM) and trunk FM between groups. SGA had significantly lower insulin level (5.0±3.7 vs 17.3±15.1 µU/mL, p=0.02) and homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (1.1±0.9 vs 4.3±4.1, p=0.02). Although regional trunk FM correlated with insulin levels in SGA (r=0.893, p=0.04), they had lower insulin level compared with AGA and no difference in adiposity.ConclusionsSGA premature infants who received an exclusive HM-based diet exhibited greater catch-up growth without increased adiposity or elevated insulin resistance compared with AGA at 2 years of age. An exclusive HM-based diet may improve long-term body composition and metabolic outcomes of premature infants with ≤1250 g birth weight, specifically SGA.

Download Full-text