scholarly journals Electroweak SU(2)L × U(1)Y model with strong spontaneously fermion-mass-generating gauge dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Beneš ◽  
Jiří Hošek ◽  
Adam Smetana
Keyword(s):  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
Dyson Equation ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Goldstone Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Exploratory Stage ◽  
The Masses

Abstract Higgs sector of the Standard model (SM) is replaced by quantum flavor dynamics (QFD), the gauged flavor SU(3)f symmetry with scale Λ. Anomaly freedom requires addition of three νR. The approximate QFD Schwinger-Dyson equation for the Euclidean infrared fermion self-energies Σf(p2) has the spontaneous-chiral-symmetry-breaking solutions ideal for seesaw: (1) Σf(p2) = $$ {M}_{fR}^2/p $$ M fR 2 / p where three Majorana masses MfR of νfR are of order Λ. (2) Σf(p2) = $$ {m}_f^2/p $$ m f 2 / p where three Dirac masses mf = m(0)1 + m(3)λ3 + m(8)λ8 of SM fermions are exponentially suppressed w.r.t. Λ, and degenerate for all SM fermions in f. (1) MfR break SU(3)f symmetry completely; m(3), m(8) superimpose the tiny breaking to U(1) × U(1). All flavor gluons thus acquire self-consistently the masses ∼ Λ. (2) All mf break the electroweak SU(2)L × U(1)Y to U(1)em. Symmetry partners of the composite Nambu-Goldstone bosons are the genuine Higgs particles: (1) three νR-composed Higgses χi with masses ∼ Λ. (2) Two new SM-fermion-composed Higgses h3, h8 with masses ∼ m(3), m(8), respectively. (3) The SM-like SM-fermion-composed Higgs h with mass ∼ m(0), the effective Fermi scale. Σf(p2)-dependent vertices in the electroweak Ward-Takahashi identities imply: the axial-vector ones give rise to the W and Z masses at Fermi scale. The polar-vector ones give rise to the fermion mass splitting in f. At the present exploratory stage the splitting comes out unrealistic.

scholarly journals The framed Standard Model (II) — A first test against experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (30) ◽  
pp. 1530060
Author(s):  
Hong-Mo Chan ◽  
Sheung Tsun Tsou
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Renormalization Group Equation ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Group Equation ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Mass Matrices ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Independent Parameters

Apart from the qualitative features described in Paper I (Ref. 1), the renormalization group equation derived for the rotation of the fermion mass matrices are amenable to quantitative study. The equation depends on a coupling and a fudge factor and, on integration, on 3 integration constants. Its application to data analysis, however, requires the input from experiment of the heaviest generation masses [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] all of which are known, except for [Formula: see text]. Together then with the theta-angle in the QCD action, there are in all 7 real unknown parameters. Determining these 7 parameters by fitting to the experimental values of the masses [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the CKM elements [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and the neutrino oscillation angle [Formula: see text], one can then calculate and compare with experiment the following 12 other quantities [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and the results all agree reasonably well with data, often to within the stringent experimental error now achieved. Counting the predictions not yet measured by experiment, this means that 17 independent parameters of the standard model are now replaced by 7 in the FSM.

scholarly journals NEW ANGLE ON THE STRONG CP AND CHIRAL SYMMETRY PROBLEMS FROM A ROTATING MASS MATRIX

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ BORDES ◽  
HONG-MO CHAN ◽  
TSOU SHEUNG TSUN
Keyword(s):  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Mass Matrix ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Chiral Transformation ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Fermion Mass Matrix

It is shown that when the mass matrix changes in orientation (i.e. rotates) in generation space for a changing energy scale, the masses of the lower generations are not given just by its eigenvalues. In particular, these masses need not be zero even when the eigenvalues are zero. In that case, the strong CP problem can be avoided by removing the unwanted θ term by a chiral transformation not in contradiction with the nonvanishing quark masses experimentally observed. Similarly, a rotating mass matrix may shed new light on the problem of chiral symmetry breaking. That the fermion mass matrix may so rotate with the scale has been suggested before as a possible explanation for up–down fermion mixing and fermion mass hierarchy, giving results in good agreement with experiment.

Masses of W and Z bosons without spontaneous symmetry breaking

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (supp01a) ◽  
pp. 351-353
Author(s):  
Bing An Li
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Z Bosons ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Electroweak Theory ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Vector Component ◽  
The Masses

A new dynamical symmetry breaking of SU(2)L × U(1) caused by the combination of the axial-vector component and the fermion mass is found in electroweak theory. The masses of the W and the Z bosons are obtained to be [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The Fermi constant is determined to be [Formula: see text].

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERSYMMETRIC QED3

1991 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 217-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CARENA ◽  
T.E. CLARK ◽  
C.E.M. WAGNER
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Superconductivity ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Finite Density ◽  
Fundamental Matter ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Electrically Charged ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
The Ideal

Current theories of high temperature superconductivity are based on the behavior of the ideal (2+1)-dimensional anyon gas at finite density. The anyon gas can be described using fundamental fermionic or bosonic matter in interaction with a topologically massive statistical gauge field. If the renormalized Chern-Simons coefficient at zero density takes the values γR(0)=N/2π, the anyon gas is a superfluid, and if the fundamental matter is electrically charged, it behaves like a superconductor. In this article we analyze an ideal anyon gas composed of two anyonic species, each associated with fundamental matter that has different (fermionic and bosonic) statistics. For supersymmetric values of the masses and couplings, no exotic statistics can occur when the system is in a superconducting state at finite density. However, semionic superconductivity can be achieved when the supersymmetry is very softly broken by a fundamental boson-fermion mass splitting.

VACUUM POLARIZATION AND DYNAMICAL CHIRAL SYMMETRY BREAKING IN QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS

1990 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. GUSYNIN
Keyword(s):  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Vacuum Polarization ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Local Limit ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Dyson Equation ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Large Coupling ◽  
Large Coupling Constant

The Schwinger-Dyson equation for the fermion mass function taking into account the vacuum polarization effects is considered. It is shown that even in the “zero-charge” situation there exists, at rather large coupling constant (α > αc), a solution with spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. The existence of the local limit in the model concerned is discussed.

scholarly journals Longitudinal and Transverse Ward–Takahashi Identities, Anomaly and Schwinger–Dyson Equation

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (31) ◽  
pp. 5651-5686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei-Ichi Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Arbitrary Dimension ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Dyson Equation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Fermion Propagator ◽  
Integral Formalism ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Abelian Gauge Theory ◽  
Quantum Anomaly

Based on the path integral formalism, we rederive and extend the transverse Ward–Takahashi identities (which were first derived by Yasushi Takahashi) for the vector and the axial vector currents and simultaneously discuss the possible quantum anomaly for them. Subsequently, we propose a new scheme for writing down and solving the Schwinger–Dyson equation in which the transverse Ward–Takahashi identity together with the usual (longitudinal) Ward–Takahashi identity are applied to specify the fermion–boson vertex function. Within this framework, we give an example of exactly soluble truncated Schwinger–Dyson equation for the fermion propagator in an Abelian gauge theory in arbitrary dimension when the bare fermion mass is zero. It is especially shown that in two dimensions, it becomes the exact and closed Schwinger–Dyson equation which can be exactly solved.

scholarly journals The EconomicalSU(3)C⊗SU(3)L⊗U(1)XModel

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Dong ◽  
H. N. Long
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Boson ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
Neutral Gauge Boson ◽  
Goldstone Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Scalar Sector

TheSU(3)C⊗SU(3)L⊗U(1)Xgauge model with minimal scalar sector, two Higgs triplets, is presented in detail. One of the vacuum expectation valuesuis a source of lepton-number violations and a reason for mixing among charged gauge bosons—the standard modelW±and the bilepton gauge bosonsY±, as well as among the neutral non-Hermitian bileptonX0and neutral gauge bosons—theZand the newZ′. An exact diagonalization of the neutral gauge boson sector is derived, and bilepton mass splitting is also given. Because of these mixings, the lepton-number violating interactions exist in both charged and neutral gauge boson sectors. Constraints on vacuum expectation values of the model are estimated andu≃𝒪(1)GeV,v≃vweak=246GeV, andω≃𝒪(1)TeV. In this model, there are three physical scalars, two neutral and one charged, and eight Goldstone bosons—the needed number for massive gauge bosons. The minimal scalar sector can provide all fermions including quarks and neutrinos consistent masses in which some of them require one-loop radiative corrections.

scholarly journals MASS GENERATION AND THE DYNAMICAL ROLE OF THE KATOPTRON GROUP

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE TRIANTAPHYLLOU
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Mass Generation ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Gauge Interaction

Heavy mirror fermions along with a new strong gauge interaction capable of breaking the electroweak gauge symmetry dynamically were recently introduced under the name of katoptrons. Their main function is to provide a viable alternative to the Standard-Model Higgs sector. In such a framework, ordinary fermions acquire masses after the breaking of the strong katoptron group which allows mixing with their katoptron partners. The purpose of this letter is to study the elementary-scalars-free mechanism responsible for this breaking and its implications for the fermion mass hierarchies.

scholarly journals Investigation of the scalar spectrum in SU (3) with eight degenerate flavors

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (35) ◽  
pp. 1747002 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Axial Vector ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Axial Vector Meson ◽  
Vector Resonance ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Fermion Masses ◽  
The One ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Fermion Action

The Lattice Strong Dynamics collaboration is investigating the properties of a SU(3) gauge theory with [Formula: see text] light fermions on the lattice. We measure the masses of the lightest pseudoscalar, scalar and vector states using simulations with the nHYP staggered-fermion action on large volumes and at small fermion masses, reaching [Formula: see text]. The axial-vector meson and the nucleon are also studied for the same range of fermion masses. One of the interesting features of this theory is the dynamical presence of a light flavor-singlet scalar state with [Formula: see text] quantum numbers that is lighter than the vector resonance and has a mass consistent with the one of the pseudoscalar state for the whole fermion mass range explored. We comment on the existence of such state emerging from our lattice simulations and on the challenges of its analysis. Moreover we highlight the difficulties in pursuing simulations in the chiral regime of this theory using large volumes.

scholarly journals HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNI-DILATON AND LHC SEARCHES

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 1350081 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT LAWRANCE ◽  
MAURIZIO PIAI
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
W Bosons ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Model Case ◽  
Composite State ◽  
Rho Meson ◽  
The Standard Model

We analyze in detail the phenomenology of a model of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking inspired by walking technicolor, by using the techniques of the bottom-up approach to holography. The model admits a light composite scalar state, the dilaton, in the spectrum. We focus on regions of parameter space for which the mass of such dilaton is 125 GeV, and for which the bounds on the precision electroweak parameter S are satisfied. This requires that the next-to-lightest composite state is the techni-rho meson, with a mass larger than 2.3 TeV. We compute the couplings controlling the decay rates of the dilaton to two photons and to two (real or virtual) Z and W bosons. For generic choices of the parameters, we find a suppression of the decay into heavy gauge bosons, in respect to the analog decay of the standard model Higgs. We find a dramatic effect on the decay into photons, which can be both strongly suppressed or strongly enhanced, the latter case corresponding to the large-N regime of the dual theory. There is a correlation between this decay rate of the dilaton into photons and the mass splitting between the techni-rho meson and its axial-vector partner: if the decay is enhanced in respect to the standard model case, then the heavy spin-1 resonances are nearly degenerate in mass, otherwise their separation in mass is comparable to the mass scale itself.

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