scholarly journals The impact of a family history of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus on the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Diabetologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Fagerudd ◽  
K. J. Pettersson-Fernholm ◽  
C. Grönhagen-Riska ◽  
P.-H. Groop
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals WORLD HEALTH DAY–DIABETES, A GROWING MENACE

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sofia Shehzad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Sugar Levels

World Health day, celebrated each year on 7th of April is all about creating awareness regarding health issues confronting the global population. The theme this year is Diabetes — a metabolic disorder of menacing proportion. There are a host of misconceptions and lack of understanding amongst the general public regards its exact etiology, prevention, control and socio-economic impact. As of 2015 the prevalence of the disease worldwide is estimated around 415 million affectees1. This number is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 2. The incidence and resultant mortality secondary to this epidemic is on the rise in low and middle economy countries such as Pakistan, with the disease expected to be the 7th leading cause of death by 2030 3 . Diabetes occurs when the pancreas loses its ability to produce the required insulin or the body fails to utilize the later resulting in raised blood sugar levels 4. As a consequence, malfunctioning of various organ systems ensues and various life threatening illnesses including heart attacks, strokes, nerve damage, kidney failure, blindness, impotence and infections takes a toll on the patient's health. Broadly it is classified into 3 types - Type I or Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus also referred to as 'juvenile diabetes' in which the production of insulin is affected - Type II or Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin resistance, and having a strong correlation with increased body weight and lack of exercise 5. It is also called `adult onset 'diabetes'. - Gestational diabetes affecting pregnant women with no past history of the disease, usually in the 2Ild or 3rd trimester 6. The disease usually manifests with the symptoms of frequent urination, thirst and hunger. Once a diagnosis is made based on Blood sugar estimation and monitoring levels of glaciated hemoglobin - HbAl c, management ensues directed at achieving optimum level of blood glucose and avoiding systemic complications. This goal is achieved by introducing life style changes from a sedentary to more active and less stressful way of living, supplemented with a balanced diet and regular exercise. This is especially helpful in Type II DM. Treatment is offered by means of Oral hypoglycemic or injectable insulin as guided by the physician/endocrinologist. More recently bariatric Surgery has shown considerable promise as an effective measure to control blood sugar levels.7 This year the main objective of observing the world health day is to enhance awareness about prevention, care and surveillance of this disease. This will form the basis for launching the first ever global report on Diabetes. The core functions of WHO in this regard are as follows: - To frame internationally acceptable standards and guidelines for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes and its associated complications - To closely monitor the morbidity and mortality associate with this disease. - Capacity building at different levels to address different aspects of this disease - To project diabetes as a global health issue and identify the population at risk Efforts to prevent and treat diabetes are essential to achieve the global sustainable development goal target of reducing premature mortality from non communicable diseases by one third by 2030. The community at large and the health care professionals and organizations in particular have a key role to play in highlighting the steps to be taken in this regard through organizing seminars and lectures and making use of the media to effectively communicate their  message to the masses.Globalhealth dayfocusing onDiabetes certainlypromises tobe akeyeventin raising awareness andproposing effective measures supplementing themanagement of this disease ona globalstage.

Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Leslie Plotnick
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic, serious disease in children and adolescents. Its diagnosis is straightforward and rarely subtle. The major challenges of this disease for the child, family, and health-care team involve long-term management of medical and metabolic factors as well as psychological and behavioral concerns. While developments in the past 10 to 15 years have made metabolic control technically possible, psychological stresses and behavioral problems often interfere with metabolic goals. There are few, if any, other diseases that require such intensive and extensive self-care skills. Definitions Diabetes generally is classified in two types. Type I, or IDDM, is seen mostly in younger people (children and adolescents). It previously was called juvenile onset or ketosisprone. Insulin deficiency characterizes IDDM, and patients need exogenous insulin for survival. Type II, or non-IDDM (NIDDM), previously called adult or maturity onset, is the type seen most commonly in older people and in obesity and is not discussed in this review. To make a diagnosis of diabetes, a child must have either classic symptoms with a random plasma glucose above 200 mg/dL or specific plasma glucose levels before and after a standard glucose load if asymptomatic. The diagnosis of IDDM usually is clear-cut.

scholarly journals FTIR Spectroscopic Investigation of Mineral Structure of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rat Femur and Tibia

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handan Boyar ◽  
Belma Turan ◽  
Feride Severcan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can be accepted as a heterogenous multi organ disorder that can affect various systems of the human body. Disorders include retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, musculoskeletal abnormalities such as diminished bone formation and bone healing retardation. Low bone mineral density is often mentioned as a complication for patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I DM). Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats are good models for investigation of the complications of insulin dependent diabetes. In the present study, the effects of STZ induced diabetes on the mineral environment of rat bones namely femur and tibia were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique. The results revealed that mineral crystal sizes increased and carbonate content decreased for diabetic femur and tibia. These changes can be due to the formation of osteoporosis which is widely seen in diabetic patients.

Evaluation of the dietetic indicators of patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Maria Matilde Socarrás Súarez ◽  
Jorge Blanco Anesto ◽  
Armando Rodríguez Súarez ◽  
Daris Gonzalez Hernández ◽  
Frank Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Insulin Dependent
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