Comprehensive Systems: A formal foundation for Multi-Model Consistency Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Stünkel ◽  
Harald König ◽  
Yngve Lamo ◽  
Adrian Rutle
Keyword(s):  
Graph Transformation ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Model Management ◽  
Multiple Models ◽  
Consistency Management ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Triple Graph Grammars ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Consistency Verification

AbstractModel management is a central activity in Software Engineering. The most challenging aspect of model management is to keep inter-related models consistent with each other while they evolve. As a consequence, there is a lot of scientific activity in this area, which has produced an extensive body of knowledge, methods, results and tools. The majority of these approaches, however, are limited to binary inter-model relations; i.e. the synchronisation of exactly two models. Yet, not every multi-ary relation can be factored into a family of binary relations. In this paper, we propose and investigate a novel comprehensive system construction, which is able to represent multi-ary relations among multiple models in an integrated manner and thus serves as a formal foundation for artefacts used in consistency management activities involving multiple models. The construction is based on the definition of partial commonalities among a set of models using the same language, which is used to denote the (local) models. The main theoretical results of this paper are proofs of the facts that comprehensive systems are an admissible environment for (i) applying formal means of consistency verification (diagrammatic predicate framework), (ii) performing algebraic graph transformation (weak adhesive HLR category), and (iii) that they generalise the underlying setting of graph diagrams and triple graph grammars.

Schema Compliant Consistency Management via Triple Graph Grammars and Integer Linear Programming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Weidmann ◽  
Anthony Anjorin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Graph Grammars ◽  
Model Driven Engineering ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Consistency Management ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Triple Graph Grammars ◽  
Domain Constraints

AbstractIn the field of Model-Driven Engineering, Triple Graph Grammars (TGGs) play an important role as a rule-based means of implementing consistency management. From a declarative specification of a consistency relation, several operations including forward and backward transformations, (concurrent) synchronisation, and consistency checks can be automatically derived. For TGGs to be applicable in realistic application scenarios, expressiveness in terms of supported language features is very important. A TGG tool is schema compliant if it can take domain constraints, such as multiplicity constraints in a meta-model, into account when performing consistency management tasks. To guarantee schema compliance, most TGG tools allow application conditions to be attached as necessary to relevant rules. This strategy is problematic for at least two reasons: First, ensuring compliance to a sufficiently expressive schema for all previously mentioned derived operations is still an open challenge; to the best of our knowledge, all existing TGG tools only support a very restricted subset of application conditions. Second, it is conceptually demanding for the user to indirectly specify domain constraints as application conditions, especially because this has to be completely revisited every time the TGG or domain constraint is changed. While domain constraints can in theory be automatically transformed to obtain the required set of application conditions, this has only been successfully transferred to TGGs for a very limited subset of domain constraints. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a search-based strategy for achieving schema compliance. We show that all correctness and completeness properties, previously proven in a setting without domain constraints, still hold when schema compliance is to be additionally guaranteed. An implementation and experimental evaluation are provided to support our claim of practical applicability.

An Examination of Women's Perspectives on Power

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Miller ◽  
A. Gaye Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Personal Authority ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Men's Experience ◽  
The Way

Historically, theoretical and popular conceptions about power have not included or addressed women's experiences. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge about women by examining women's perceptions of and relationship to power. One hundred twenty-five women, ranging in age from 21 to 63, were asked to define and explore power through a variety of structured and open-ended questions. The results showed that women's definition of power differed significantly from their perception of society's definition of power, as well as from the way power has traditionally been conceptualized. More theoretical and empirical attention should be given to understanding the role of personal authority in both women's and men's experience of power.

PATENT PROTECTION OF SCIENTIFIC RESULTS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Daria Ponomareva ◽  
◽  
Alexander Barabashev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Will Force ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

This article is devoted to the legal problems associated with the provision of patent protection for the results of scientific activities created by artificial intelligence systems. The authors explore the approaches formulated by doctrine and practice in relation to objects created by robotic systems, computer technology and AI. The problem of the relationship between patent protection of the results of scientific (scientific and technical) activities and artificial intelligence systems is becoming more and more urgent. Modern AI systems are quite capable of creating inventions that are the result of the application (use) of the cognitive (thinking) abilities of a person, that is, such inventions can be patentable. There is no doubt that the increasingly active introduction of AI systems will force national legislators to reconsider the definition of the term “inventor.” In Russian legislation, the issue of patent protection of inventions created by AI is currently not resolved. The review of the state of legal regulation of patent protection of the results of scientific activity (first of all, inventions) created by AI systems, presented in the article, indicates the absence of clear rules both in Russian and foreign law (using the example of individual jurisdictions) regarding the determination of the legal status of this kind. objects and the person who has exclusive rights in relation to them. The use of already existing legal constructions by analogy, as well as the borrowing of foreign experience, can only temporarily solve the issue of patent protection of the results of scientific activity created with the help of AI.

Divorce: Consequences for Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 306-310
Author(s):  
Robert E. Emery ◽  
Mary Jo Coiro
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Divorce Consequences

An extensive body of research exists on the consequences of divorce for children. The conclusions of this research are captured by the concept of resilience, children's ability to "bounce back" in the face of stress. Most children from divorced families cannot be distinguished from children from married families on objective measures of psychological functioning, including assessments of conduct, depression, anxiety, and school performance. Nevertheless, it is clear that divorce often creates many dramatic stressors for children, including involvement in their parents' conflicts, decreased contact with one parent, strained relationships with the other parent, and economic problems. Coping with these substantial changes can tax children's emotional resources and may leave them with lingering feelings of hurt, resentment, and longing for a parental reconciliation. The concept of resilience highlights both children's ability to cope with change and some of the painful consequences of coping with unwanted changes in family life. Definition Despite its familiarity, several considerations should be noted about the definition of divorce. First, divorce is a developmental process that unfolds over time. Changes in family life typically begin long before the physical separation and continue long after the legal divorce. Second, because divorce reaches into many areas of people's lives, theorists often talk about the "legal divorce," the "emotional divorce," the "emotional divorce," the "economic divorce," and the "social divorce."

Bridging the Gap Between "Science" and "Security"

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Jonathan Fighel
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Security Research ◽  
Is Security ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of

Security is multidimensional in nature and diverse in practice. This diversity leads to difficulty in providing a single all-encompassing definition for the many applied domains of security. Security cannot be considered singular in concept definition, as definition is dependent on applied context. Security incorporates diverse and multi-disciplined actors, originating and practicing across many disciplines. This multidimensional nature of security results unclear understanding of a definition for the concept of security. Bridging the gap between the traditional definitions of science and the undefined definition of what is Security can be achieved through Scientific Security Research methodologies that will be engaged and implemented in the exploration, analysis and conclusions of the systematic and organized body of knowledge.

Consistency Management in Feature-Based Parametric Design

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sofia Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Consistency Management ◽  
Semantic Constraints ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Consistent Feature ◽  
Semantic Correctness ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract One of the main problems to be solved in design-by-features is to preserve the semantic correctness of feature-based models. Currently, feature-based parametric design (FbPD) is being used as one of the most powerful approaches for solving this problem. In this paper, a fundamental principle of this approach is introduced. Three aspects stated, are: FbPD deals with functional design primitives, it solves the automatic generation of model variations, and it offers the basis for the development of a mechanism to check the semantic correctness of feature-based models. Several concepts for the definition of semantic constraints are presented. They instigate the classification of semantic constraints in four different categories, based on the constraint evaluation-time, purpose, behaviour, and representation. Sinfonia, a system for feature-based parametric design, is presented as a testbed environment for design-by-features applications. One of its modules, the Consistency Handler, uses the constraint concepts introduced in order to preserve the semantic consistency of the models. Several examples illustrate the different types of constraints. In addition, an algorithm applied for the process of a consistent feature modification is presented.

scholarly journals The new National Atlas of Hungary – volume Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gábor Gercsák ◽  
Károly Kocsis ◽  
Zsombor Nemerkényi ◽  
László Zentai
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Great Benefit ◽  
Present Volume ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Hungarian Society ◽  
Extensive Body

Abstract. The current volume, National Atlas of Hungary – Society, is Part 3 of the series. It presents the special world of Hungarian society and, according to the availability of data, also that of the Carpatho–Pannonian Area. By combining the tools of statistics, geography and cartography, the maps present the spatial structure accompanied by numerous graphs, photos, texts and infographics.The present volume of the National Atlas, Society, contributes to a much deeper understanding of processes and a better understanding of the relationships between phenomena through the presentation of the spatial diversity of demographic and social processes in historical perspective. This is a significant record of the period also showing the challenges that Hungarian society faces at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. This addition to the National Atlas of Hungary – with its extensive body of knowledge presented in this work – is an important document of great benefit not only togeographers but also to historians, economists, politicians, and all other interested parties.

ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СУТНОСТІ ТА ЗМІСТУ ПОНЯТТЯ «САМОСТІЙНА НАВЧАЛЬНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ СТУДЕНТІВ».

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Г. Самойленко
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Independent Work

У статті аналізуються певні підходи до визначення понять «самостійна навчальна діяльність» та «формування самостійної навчальної діяльності», необхідних студентам для реалізації практичної діяльності.Ключові слова: діяльність, навчальна діяльність, самостійна навчальна діяльність, рефлексія, рефлексивні уміння, самоосвіта, самостійна робота, освітній процес. This article carries over the analysis of some approaches to the definition of term «independent educational activity» and «the formation of an independent educational activity» needed for students to implement their practice.Key words: activity, scientific activity, individual educational activity, reflection, abilities of reflection, self-education, independent work, educational process.

Kenneth Burke’s Attitude Toward Rhetoric

2017 ◽  
pp. 13-29
Author(s):  
Robert L. Ivie
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Symbolic Action ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Definition Of

This paper charts a course through Kenneth Burke’s extensive body of works by focusing on his rhetorically inflected theory of social criticism. It progresses from Burke’s ideas about symbolic action and dramatism to a discussion of identification. It features Burke’s definition of man, his treatment of the victimage ritual, and his notion of the comic corrective as three useful heuristics for understanding rhetoric as a vehicle for improving agonistic human relations without sacrificing diversity

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