Comment on ‘Perinatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide impairs female reproductive outcomes and induces second-generation adverse effects in Wistar rats’, Arch Toxicol 92:2629–2643

In 2007, 5 of the 7 second-generation antipsychotics were listed in the Top 200 Drugs prescribed by retail sales in the United States. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of natural death in individuals with schizophrenia. Second-generation antipsychotics have been implicated with metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects, and it is important for nonpsychiatric practitioners to be familiar with the monitoring parameters recommended for these agents. This article discusses the risk of weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperprolactinemia, and cardiovascular concerns associated with second-generation antipsychotic agents. It also discusses the proposed mechanisms for each of these adverse effects. Furthermore, it reviews suggested monitoring parameters to help manage cardiovascular disease in this patient population, and to improve the gap that exists between mental health care and physical health care in the schizophrenic population.

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Adverse Effects Associated with Second-Generation Antipsychotic Long-Acting Injection Treatment: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.1002/phar.1313 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (10) ◽

pp. 1087-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Salvatore Gentile

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Second Generation ◽

Injection Treatment ◽

Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽

Long Acting

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Taurine ameliorates 5-flourouracil-induced intestinal mucositis, hepatorenal and reproductive organ damage in Wistar rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327115573597 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 10-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

AK Al-Asmari ◽

AM Al-Zahrani ◽

AQ Khan ◽

HM Al-Shahrani ◽

M Ali Al Amri

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Anticancer Drugs ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Reproductive Organ ◽

Control Group ◽

Group I ◽

Intestinal Mucositis ◽

Cellular Integrity

5-Fluorouracil is one of the most commonly used anticancer drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer but has potential adverse effects such as intestinal mucositis, renal, hepatic, and reproductive organ toxicity. Attention has been given to approaches to reduce the side effects and improve the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we have investigated the protective effect of taurine (Tau) on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induced adverse effects in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups with six animals ( n = 6) in each group. Group I received vehicle only and served as control group. Groups II, III, and IV animals were given oral gavage of 5-FU at 50 mg/kg body weight for 4 days. Tau was given to the animals of groups III and IV 30 min prior to 5-FU administration. We observed marked elevation in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity after 5-FU administration, which was reversed by Tau pretreatment. Histological observation of liver, kidney, intestine, testis, and prostate revealed that 5-FU administration resulted in anomalies like distortion of normal cellular architecture, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and loss of cellular integrity. These histopathological changes were markedly suppressed by Tau treatment. In conclusion, biochemical and histological findings of this study suggest that Tau has strong preventive potential against complications of anticancer drug 5-FU and hence Tau may play an important role in combinational chemotherapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs.

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Novel Second Generation Platinum Containing Antineoplastic Agents Ssp, Sap, and Poly-Plat and Their Effect on Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Ec 1.1.1.49) in the Liver and Kidney of Male Wistar Rats.

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927600007170 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (S2) ◽

pp. 57-58

Author(s):

T. P. Multhaupt ◽

S.K. Aggarwal

Keyword(s):

Antineoplastic Agents ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Second Generation ◽

Normal Kidney ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

New Compounds ◽

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽

Liver Tissues

Poly-(trans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinumj-carboxyamylose (Poly-Plat); 5-SuIfosalicylato-trans-(l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (SSP); and 4-Hydroxy-a-sulfonylphenylacetato (trans 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (SAP) (Andrulis Pharmaceuticals, Bethesda, MD) are three novel second generation platinum containing antineoplastic compounds. Initial studies indicate that these agents are more effective in the treatment of cancer while at the same time less toxic to the organism as a whole than cisplatin (CDDP). The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of these new compounds on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) as compared to CDDP treated and normal kidney and liver tissues.Wistar rats (100-120g) were given intraperitoneal injections of CDDP (9 mg/ kg) and Poly-Plat, SSP and SAP (10 mg/ kg) over a 5 day period. On day 6 the animals were sacrificed and tissues (kidney and liver) were freeze sectioned (7 μm). Sections were incubated in media according to the accepted method specific for the G-6-PDH localization at a pH of 7.46 for 30 min.

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