Cadmium-selenium antagonism and detoxifying enzymes in insects

1996 ◽  
Vol 354 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 571-575
Author(s):  
A. Kedziorski ◽  
M. Nakonieczny ◽  
E. Swierczek ◽  
E. Szulinska
Keyword(s):  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Cadmium Selenium

Cadmium, Selenium and Breast Cancer Risk by Molecular Subtype Among Women from Northern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodia Rojas-Lima ◽  
Stephen J. Rothenberg ◽  
Brenda Gamboa-Loira ◽  
Ángel Mérida-Ortega ◽  
Mariano E. Cebrián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Cadmium Selenium

scholarly journals Chironomus ramosus Larval Microbiome Composition Provides Evidence for the Presence of Detoxifying Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Rotem Sela ◽  
Sivan Laviad-Shitrit ◽  
Leena Thorat ◽  
Bimalendu B. Nath ◽  
Malka Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Bacterial Genes

Chironomids (Diptera; Chironomidae) are aquatic insects that are abundant in freshwater. We aimed to study the endogenous microbiota composition of Chironomus ramosus larvae that were sampled from the Mutha River and a laboratory culture in India. Furthermore, we performed a metagenomic analysis of the larval microbiome, sampled from the Mutha River. Significant differences were found between the bacterial community composition of C. ramosus larvae that were sampled from the Mutha River and the laboratory culture. A total of 54.7% of the amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) that were identified in the larvae from the Mutha River were unique, compared to only 12.9% of unique ASVs that were identified from the laboratory-reared larvae. The four most abundant phyla across all samples were: Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, while the nine most abundant genera were: Aeromonas, Alkanindiges, Breznakia, Cetobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Desulfovibrio, Dysgonomonas, Thiothrix, and Vibrio. Moreover, in the metagenomic analysis, we detected bacterial genes and bacterial pathways that demonstrated the ability to degrade different toxic compounds, detoxify metal, and confer resistance to antibiotics and UV radiation, amongst other functions. The results illuminate the fact that there are detoxifying enzymes in the C. ramosus larval microbiome that possibly play a role in protecting the insect in polluted environments.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemistry and surface water quality assessment of IB valley coalfield area, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Sahoo ◽  
Himanshu Bhushan Sahu ◽  
Dhruti Sundar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cadmium Selenium ◽  
High Degree

AbstractCoal mining and ancillary activities have the potential to cause water pollution characterized by acid mine drainage, acid mine leachates, extreme pH conditions and heavy metal contaminations. In the present work, 33 water samples in premonsoon and 34 water samples in monsoon were collected from the surface water bodies of Ib Valley coalfield, India for hydrogeochemical analysis. In premonsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Magnesium, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel, Aluminum and in monsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Iron, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel and Aluminum were nonconforming to the permissible limit set by the Bureau of Indian Standards, World Health Organisation and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. The average BOD/COD ratio of less than 0.6 in both seasons indicated Ib valley coalfield water was not fairly biodegradable. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that significant seasonal variation (p < 0.05) was observed in the hydro-chemical parameters viz. TSS, turbidity, redox potential, acidity, total hardness, bicarbonate alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, cadmium, chromium and magnesium during the entire sampling period. Whereas, no significant seasonal variation (p > 0.05) was observed in pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, residual chlorine, COD, oil and grease, fluoride, potassium, zinc, copper, selenium, nickel, aluminum, boron, silica, temperature, salinity, cyanide and phenol. Water Quality Index revealed that 39.39% and 35.29% samples belong to poor water quality category in premonsoon and monsoon, respectively. As per Heavy Metal Pollution Index, Degree of Contamination (Cd) and Heavy metal evaluation index, medium degree of pollution were exhibited by 51.52%, 30.30% and 45.45% samples in premonsoon and 20.59%, 35.29% and 26.47% samples in monsoon. Whereas, 5.88%, 2.94% and 5.88% samples were having high degree of pollution in monsoon and 15.15% samples caused high degree of pollution with respect to Cd in premonsoon. However, EC, Na%, PI, SAR and RSC values suggested that the water can be used for irrigation. Water type of the region had been found to be Ca–Mg–Cl–SO4 by Piper diagram.

Theoretical and practical aspects in determining the current geochemical status of the Crimean peninsula and anthropogenic risk to public health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Evstafeva ◽  
Svetlana Tymchenko ◽  
Anna Bogdanova ◽  
Olga Zalata ◽  
Yuliia Boyarinceva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Mercury Analysis ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Substrates ◽  
Cadmium Selenium

&lt;p&gt;The implementation of basic principles of medical and ecological monitoring programs in Crimea previously reported in EGU proceedings consists of determining the content of a wide range of toxic, essential and rare earth elements in various biological substrates: soil, plants, water, human body. Biosubstrates are sampled in different locations with contrast natural and anthropogenic conditions: urbanized-rural, industrial-agricultural, natural resources. Lichens and poplar leaves are used as indicators of environmental contamination, particularly atmospheric pollution; liquid precipitation is used as an indicator showing the negative impact of air pollution on ecosystems; hair is used as an indicator of the total body intake of chemical elements. The update of databases, on some of the territories (Simferopol, Sevastopol, geographical regions with different soil characteristics, etc.) with regard to some of the elements (mercury, lead, cadmium, selenium, etc.) at this stage allowed to determine their biogeochemical status in conditions of intensive growth of anthropogenic load in recent years, and to compare it with the elemental status of the humans living in this territory. The databases for other types of territories continue to be extended, the relationship between morbidity to estimate of the environmental burden of disease for environmentally determined diseases (neurodegenerative, endocrine, respiratory, etc.) and chemical load on the territories, based on USEtox model; the functional state of target systems (nervous, immune, cardiovascular) and level of chemical elements in the human body and the overall elemental imbalance, is established. This has provided us with a degree of understanding on how the degree of population and individual health risk could be determined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mercury analysis was funded by RFBR according to the research project &amp;#8470; 18-29-24212\19 entitled &amp;#8220;Development of neutralization of mercury-containing waste without heating and the formation of wastewater&amp;#8221;, 2018&amp;#8211;2021 years; elemental composition was possible to determine due to RFBR project &amp;#8470; 18-45-920042\20 entitled &amp;#8220;Bioecological monitoring of heavy metals at board of Black Sea of Crimea&amp;#8221;, 2018&amp;#8211;2020 years. Physiological part of research was possible to accomplish due to funds by the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University (Project No VG2019/15, &amp;#1040;&amp;#1040;&amp;#1040;&amp;#1040;-&amp;#1040;20-120012090158-7).&lt;/p&gt;

Glucose Effects on the Peritoneum: What Can We Learn from Rodent Models?

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (04) ◽  
pp. 197-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Müller-Krebs ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
L. Kihm ◽  
J. Reiser ◽  
P. Nawroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Glucose Metabolites ◽  
Glucose Effects

AbstractDuring long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) the peritoneal membrane underlies processes of structural and functional reorganization mediated by high glucose and reactive glucose metabolites that are contained in PD solutions; this process is accompanied by increasing fibrosis. Mechanistically, the peritoneal damage is triggered by the interaction of advanced glycation end-products with their receptor; this is true for rodents as well as for humans. With this knowledge interventional strategies can be tested in rodent models, among them are the lipid soluble vitamin B1 analogue benfotiamine (BF) or detoxifying enzymes such as glyoxalase. Of additional interest is the finding that PD fluids do not only cause local but also systemic damage, in particular renal and cardiovascular. In the case of kidney damage, the intervention with BF was also successful. Taken together, PD can be regarded as a local model for long-term diabetes together with systemic aspects of damage.

Saponin-Detoxifying Enzymes

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Mostafa Abdelrahman ◽  
Sudisha Jogaiah
Keyword(s):  
Detoxifying Enzymes

scholarly journals Mutant p53R273Hattenuates the expression of phase 2 detoxifying enzymes and promotes the survival of cells with high levels of reactive oxygen species

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (22) ◽  
pp. 5578-5586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Kalo ◽  
Ira Kogan-Sakin ◽  
Hilla Solomon ◽  
Elad Bar-Nathan ◽  
Moshe Shay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes

Activities of detoxifying enzymes in adults of houseflies Musca domestica L. selected with chlorfenapyr

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-503
Author(s):  
E.A. Silivanova ◽  
P.A. Shumilova ◽  
M.A. Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Males And Females

In insects, biochemical mechanisms of insecticide resistance base on increasing of activities of main detoxyfying enzymes – monooxygenases, nonspesific esterases, and glutathion-S-transferases. Currently, the progress of resistance development and the degree of contributing enzymes to resistance in insects have been studied for certain insecticides. The goal of this study was to assess activities of monooxygenase, carboxylesterase, glutathione-S-transferase, and alkaline phosphatase in females and males housefly Musca domestica in the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth generations of the chlorfenapyr-selected strain. Evaluation of chlorfenapyr susceptibility showed that adults M. domestica in tenth generations was tolerating to chlorfenapyr as the resistance ration value was 3.6. In certain generations of chlorfenapyr-selected strain M. domestica, monooxygenase activities in males and females were 1.4-2.1 times more, and alkaline phosphatase activities in females were 2.3-2.7 times more than that in control insects. Glutathione-S-transferase activities had no significant differences in adults M. domestica of control and chlorfenapyr-selected strains. For chlorfenapyr-selected strain M. domestica, activities of monooxygenase, carboxylesterase, and alkaline phosphatase differed in males and females of same generations that suggests that mode and pattern of resistance development might be sex-specific in this specie.

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