scholarly journals Microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment as a new and highly efficient way to cellulosic ethanol production from maize distillery stillage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikulski Dawid ◽  
Kłosowski Grzegorz
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Abstract Aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the combined use of microwave radiation and sodium cumene sulfonate under optimized process conditions for the preparation of maize stillage biomass as a raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The key parameter guaranteeing a high level of lignin removal from biomass (ca. 44%) was concentration of hydrotrope. Even at high biomass concentration (16% w/v) and a cellulase enzyme dose of about 4 filter-paper units/g, maize stillage biomass subjected to microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment was highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation, which resulted in 80% hydrolysis yield. It is possible to obtain a fermentation medium with a very high glucose concentration (up to 80 g/L), without fermentation inhibitors and, as a consequence, to reach a very high level of sugar conversion to ethanol (concentration above 40 g/L), even as much as 95% of theoretical yield. Microwave hydrotropic treatment with sodium cumene sulfonate is a very effective way to prepare waste maize stillage biomass for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The degradation of the lignocellulose structure by the simultaneous use of microwaves and hydrotropes ensured a high degree of conversion of structural polysaccharides to bioethanol. The method provides a high level of enzymatic degradation of cellulose, leading to a medium with high content of released sugars suitable for bioconversion, which is in line with assumptions of the second-generation ethanol production technology. Key points • Microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment is a new way to cellulosic ethanol production. • Microwave-assisted hydrotropic delignification removes 44% of lignin from biomass. • No fermentation inhibitors are obtained after microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment. • High ethanol concentration (above 40 g/L) and fermentation yield (95% of theoretical yield) from biomass after microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment.

scholarly journals Microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment as a new and highly efficient way to cellulosic ethanol production from maize distillery stillage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikulski Dawid ◽  
Grzegorz Kłosowski
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Second Generation Ethanol

Abstract Background: The development of the second generation ethanol production technology requires new, highly effective methods of pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, which reduces lignin content, eliminates fermentation inhibitors, and makes the biomass susceptible to hydrolysis using cellulolytic enzymes. New pretreatment methods should be adapted to the processing of lignocellulosic waste biomass from various industries. One of the problems is the management of grain stillage, which is waste from the production of first generation ethanol.Results: The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the combined use of microwave radiation and sodium cumene sulfonate under optimized process conditions for the preparation of maize stillage biomass as a raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The key parameter guaranteeing a high level of lignin removal from biomass (ca. 44%) was the concentration of hydrotrope. The highest organic matter extraction from biomass (67.00±1.68%) was observed for 20% v/v sodium cumene sulfonate, ca. 117 PSI (microwave heating) and 30 min exposure time. Even at high biomass concentration (16% w/v) and a cellulose enzyme dose of about 4 FPU/g, maize stillage biomass subjected to microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment was highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation, which resulted in 80% hydrolysis yield. The stillage biomass processed in this way is a very good raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol. It is possible to obtain a fermentation medium with a very high glucose concentration (up to 80 g/L), without fermentation inhibitors (such as 5-HMF, furfural, lignin degradation products) and, as a consequence, to reach a very high level of sugar conversion to ethanol, even as much as 95% of theoretical yield.Conclusions: Microwave hydrotropic treatment with sodium cumene sulfonate is a very effective way to prepare waste maize stillage biomass for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The method provides a high level of enzymatic degradation of cellulose, leading to a medium with high content of released sugars suitable for bioconversion, which is in line with the assumptions of the second generation ethanol production technology.

Paper Mulberry Fruit Juice: a Novel Biomass Resource For Bioethanol Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pleasure Chisom Ajayo ◽  
Mei Huang ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Dong Tian ◽  
Qin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Biomass Resource ◽  
Yeast Concentration ◽  
First Time

Abstract By way of broadening the use of diverse sustainable bioethanol feedstocks, the potentials of Paper mulberry fruit juice (PMFJ), as a non-food, sugar-based substrate, was for the first time evaluated for fuel ethanol production. Without any external nutrient supplementation, the suitability of PMFJ was proven, as maximum ethanol concentration (56.4 g/L), and yield (0.39 g/g), were achieved within half a day of the start of fermentation, corresponding to a very high ethanol productivity of 4.7 g/L/hr. Using Response Surface Methodology, established potentials were further maximized through statistical optimization of process conditions of temperature (20 – 40 ⁰C), yeast concentration (0.5 – 2 g/L), and pH (4 – 6). At the optimal temperature of 30 ⁰C, inoculum size of 0.55 g/L, and pH of 5, ethanol concentration, productivity, and yield obtained were 73.69 g/L, 4.61 g/L/hr, and 0.48 g/g, respectively. Under this ideal process conditions, bioethanol from PMFJ compares favorably with typical sugar-based energy crops, highlighting its resourcefulness as a high value biomass resource for fuel ethanol production.

Osmotic Membrane Distillation - A Brief Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Nagaraj ◽  
Balaji Shivaji Patil ◽  
Prashant Maharudrappa Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Water Load ◽  
Transmembrane Flux ◽  
Concentration Step ◽  
High Level ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Very High

In recent years, osmotic membrane distillation is gaining importance as an attractive/ complementary athermal membrane process. Osmotic membrane distillation is having potential to concentrate the biomolecules/liquids to a very high level under mild operating condition, without product damage. Further, this process can be employed as a pre-concentration step to reduce water load significantly on subsequent processing steps. The present review exclusively deals with process features, theoretical aspects involving water transport mechanism, influence of various process conditions on transmembrane flux along with recent application of osmotic membrane distillation process. Also, suggestions for future work and possible process integration of osmotic membrane distillation with other processes are also discussed.

Construction and Evaluation of Recombinant Strains for Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Lan Zou ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Yuan Yuan Ma ◽  
Le You ◽  
Min Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Theoretical Yield

The recombinant Z.mobilis CX was constructed. Its ethanol concentration and ethanol yield from 2% xylose at 36 h were 6.73 g/L and 82.3% of theoretical yield, respectively. The recombinant S.cerevisiae YB was constructed and was showed to utilize cellobiose as the sole carbon source for rapid growth and ethanol production. The maximum ethanol concentration 7.493 g/L and ethanol yield 77.4% of theoretical yield from 2% cellobiose were obtained at 24 h. Further, the preliminary results of SSF of pretreated corn straw demonstrated the potential of improving ethanol production and reducing the costs of cellose enzymes used by co-fermentation of CX and YB.

scholarly journals Paper mulberry fruit juice: a novel biomass resource for bioethanol production

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pleasure Chisom Ajayo ◽  
Mei Huang ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Dong Tian ◽  
Qin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Biomass Resource ◽  
Yeast Concentration

AbstractBy way of broadening the use of diverse sustainable bioethanol feedstocks, the potentials of Paper mulberry fruit juice (PMFJ), as a non-food, sugar-based substrate, were evaluated for fuel ethanol production. The suitability of PMFJ was proven, as maximum ethanol concentration (56.4 g/L) and yield (0.39 g/g) were achieved within half a day of the start of fermentation, corresponding to very high ethanol productivity of 4.7 g/L/hr. The established potentials were further optimally maximized through the response surface methodology (RSM). At the optimal temperature of 30 °C, yeast concentration of 0.55 g/L, and pH of 5, ethanol concentration, productivity, and yield obtained were 73.69 g/L, 4.61 g/L/hr, and 0.48 g/g, respectively. Under these ideal conditions, diverse metal salts were afterward screened for their effects on PMFJ fermentation. Based on a two-level fractional factorial design, nutrient addition had no positive impact on ethanol production. Thus, under the optimal process conditions, and without any external nutrient supplementation, bioethanol from PMFJ compared favorably with typical sugar-based energy crops, highlighting its resourcefulness as a high-value biomass resource for fuel ethanol production. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Effect of Lignocellulose-Derived Inhibitors on Growth of and Ethanol Production by Growth-Arrested Corynebacterium glutamicum R

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 2349-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Sakai ◽  
Yoshiki Tsuchida ◽  
Shohei Okino ◽  
Osamu Ichihashi ◽  
Hideo Kawaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Productivity ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors

ABSTRACT In cellulosic ethanol production, pretreatment of a biomass to facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis inevitably yields fermentation inhibitors such as organic acids, furans, and phenols. With representative inhibitors included in the medium at various concentrations, individually or in various combinations, ethanol production by Corynebacterium glutamicum R under growth-arrested conditions was investigated. In the presence of various inhibitors, the 62 to 100% ethanol productivity retained by the C. glutamicum R-dependent method far exceeded that retained by previously reported methods.

scholarly journals Enhanced co-generation of cellulosic ethanol and methane with the starch/sugar-rich waste mixtures and Tween 80 in fed-batch mode

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meishan Fan ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Guican Bi ◽  
Guangying Ye ◽  
Hongdan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Mixed Fermentation ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Solids Loading

Abstract Background The mixed-feedstock fermentation is a promising approach to enhancing the co-generation of cellulosic ethanol and methane from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and molasses. However, the unmatched supply of the SCB and molasses remains a main obstacle built upon binary feedstock. Here, we propose a cellulose–starch–sugar ternary waste combinatory approach to overcome this bottleneck by integrating the starch-rich waste of Dioscorea composita Hemls. extracted residue (DER) in mixed fermentation. Results The substrates of the pretreated SCB, DER and molasses with varying ratios were conducted at a relatively low solids loading of 12%, and the optimal mixture ratio of 1:0.5:0.5 for the pretreated SCB/DER/molasses was determined by evaluating the ethanol concentration and yield. Nevertheless, it was found that the ethanol yield decreased from 79.19 ± 0.20 to 62.31 ± 0.61% when the solids loading increased from 12 to 44% in batch modes, regardless of the fact that the co-fermentation of three-component feedstock was performed under the optimal condition defined above. Hence, different fermentation processes such as fed-batch and fed-batch + Tween 80 were implemented to further improve the ethanol concentration and yield at higher solids loading ranging between 36 and 44%. The highest ethanol concentration of 91.82 ± 0.86 g/L (69.33 ± 0.46% of theoretical yield) was obtained with fed-batch + Tween 80 mode during the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation at a high solids loading of 44%. Moreover, after the ethanol recovery, the remaining stillage was digested for biomethane production and finally yielded 320.72 ± 6.98 mL/g of volatile solids. Conclusions Integrated DER into the combination of SCB and molasses would be beneficial for ethanol production. The co-generation of bioethanol and biomethane by mixed cellulose–starch–sugar waste turns out to be a sustainable solution to improve the overall efficacy in biorefinery.

التغير المناخي واثره في المقنن المائي لمحصول العنب في محافظة ديالى

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (34) ◽  
pp. 391-422
Author(s):  
اشواق حسن حميد صالح
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Solar Brightness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Climate Station ◽  
The Times ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Climate change and its impact on water resources is the problem of the times. Therefore, this study is concerned with the subject of climate change and its impact on the water ration of the grape harvest in Diyala Governorate. The study was based on the data of the Khanaqin climate station for the period 1973-2017, (1986-2017) due to lack of data at governorate level. The general trend of the elements of the climate and its effect on the water formula was extracted. The equation of change was extracted for the duration of the study. The statistical analysis was also used between the elements of the climate (actual brightness, normal temperature, micro and maximum degrees Celsius, wind speed m / s, relative humidity% The results of the statistical analysis confirm that the water ration for the study area is based mainly on the X7 evaporation / netting variable, which is affected by a set of independent variables X1 Solar Brightness X4 X5 Extreme Temperature Wind Speed ​​3X Minimal Temperature and Very High Level .

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