Food and farming beyond the Alpine lake zone: the archaeobotany of the Copper Age settlements of Lenzing-Burgstall and Ansfelden-Burgwiese in Upper Austria, and an early occurrence of Triticum spelta (spelt)

AbstractAnopheles funestus is playing an increasing role in malaria transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where An. gambiae s.s. has been effectively controlled by long-lasting insecticidal nets. We investigated vector population bionomics, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission dynamics in 86 study clusters in North-West Tanzania. An. funestus s.l. represented 94.5% (4740/5016) of all vectors and was responsible for the majority of malaria transmission (96.5%), with a sporozoite rate of 3.4% and average monthly entomological inoculation rate (EIR) of 4.57 per house. Micro-geographical heterogeneity in species composition, abundance and transmission was observed across the study district in relation to key ecological differences between northern and southern clusters, with significantly higher densities, proportions and EIR of An. funestus s.l. collected from the South. An. gambiae s.l. (5.5%) density, principally An. arabiensis (81.1%) and An. gambiae s.s. (18.9%), was much lower and closely correlated with seasonal rainfall. Both An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. were similarly resistant to alpha-cypermethrin and permethrin. Overexpression of CYP9K1, CYP6P3, CYP6P4 and CYP6M2 and high L1014S-kdr mutation frequency were detected in An. gambiae s.s. populations. Study findings highlight the urgent need for novel vector control tools to tackle persistent malaria transmission in the Lake Region of Tanzania.

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Theropod teeth from the basalmost Cretaceous of Anoual (Morocco) and their palaeobiogeographical significance

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756809005950 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 146 (4) ◽

pp. 602-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

F. KNOLL ◽

J. I. RUIZ-OMEÑACA

Keyword(s):

Early Cretaceous ◽

Late Jurassic ◽

Dispersal Events ◽

Early Occurrence

AbstractThe theropod teeth from the Berriasian (Early Cretaceous) site of Anoual (N Morocco) are described. The assemblage is important in that it comes from one of the very few dinosaur sites of this age globally and the only one for the whole of Gondwana. The theropod teeth from Anoual are morphologically diverse. Most of the material possibly belongs to the clade Dromaeosauridae, which would be an early occurrence for this taxon. The palaeogeographic position of Anoual enables it to provide data on the dispersal events that affected terrestrial faunas during Mesozoic times. A Laurasian influence is evidenced by the presence of Velociraptorinae and, on the whole, the theropod fauna from Anoual provides support for the existence of a trans-Tethyan passage allowing terrestrial faunal interchanges during Late Jurassic and/or earliest Cretaceous times. Additionally, Anoual records the existence of diminutive theropods. However, it cannot yet be determined whether the small size of the specimens is genetic or ontogenetic.

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Severe steatosis and mild colitis are important for the early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 566 ◽

pp. 36-44

Author(s):

Takeki Sato ◽

Atsunori Tsuchiya ◽

Takashi Owaki ◽

Masaru Kumagai ◽

Satoko Motegi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Early Occurrence

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Climate change as the dominant driver of recent ecological changes in a semi-arid alpine lake from the Chinese Loess Plateau

Journal of Paleolimnology ◽

10.1007/s10933-020-00167-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinwei Yan ◽

Jianbao Liu ◽

Kathleen M. Rühland ◽

John P. Smol ◽

Fahu Chen

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Alpine Lake ◽

Chinese Loess Plateau ◽

Chinese Loess ◽

Ecological Changes ◽

Semi Arid ◽

The Chinese Loess Plateau

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Exploring mobility in Italian Neolithic and Copper Age communities

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81656-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Flavio De Angelis ◽

Maura Pellegrini ◽

Cristina Martínez-Labarga ◽

Laura Anzivino ◽

Gabriele Scorrano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bronze Age ◽

Southern Italy ◽

Sedentary Lifestyle ◽

Human Mobility ◽

The Body ◽

Copper Age ◽

Mobility Pattern ◽

Oxygen And Carbon Isotope ◽

Northern Areas

AbstractAs a means for investigating human mobility during late the Neolithic to the Copper Age in central and southern Italy, this study presents a novel dataset of enamel oxygen and carbon isotope values (δ18Oca and δ13Cca) from the carbonate fraction of biogenic apatite for one hundred and twenty-six individual teeth coming from two Neolithic and eight Copper Age communities. The measured δ18Oca values suggest a significant role of local sources in the water inputs to the body water, whereas δ13Cca values indicate food resources, principally based on C3 plants. Both δ13Cca and δ18Oca ranges vary substantially when samples are broken down into local populations. Statistically defined thresholds, accounting for intra-site variability, allow the identification of only a few outliers in the eight Copper Age communities, suggesting that sedentary lifestyle rather than extensive mobility characterized the investigated populations. This seems to be also typical of the two studied Neolithic communities. Overall, this research shows that the investigated periods in peninsular Italy differed in mobility pattern from the following Bronze Age communities from more northern areas.

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