Single-shot measurement of temperature and pressure using laser-induced thermal gratings with a long probe pulse

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stevens ◽  
P. Ewart
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 11228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Kawada ◽  
Takashi Yasuda ◽  
Atsushi Nakanishi ◽  
Koichiro Akiyama ◽  
Hironori Takahashi

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. REBIBO ◽  
J.-P. GEINDRE ◽  
P. AUDEBERT ◽  
G. GRILLON ◽  
J.-P. CHAMBARET ◽  
...  

We use both a Fourier-transform-based analysis and time-retrieval calculations to get time-resolved measurements of the reflectivity and the phase shift of a chirped probe pulse interacting with a fs-laser-produced plasma by spectral interferometry in a single shot. We have devised a novel dual-quadrature Mach–Zehnder configuration in which wavefront division is used to obtain spatial fringes from the perturbed and unperturbed probe simultaneously. We demonstrate the capability of this technique with fully analyzed experimental data on the interaction of a femtosecond laser with C3H6 and C samples, showing 35-fs time resolution.


2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Disotell ◽  
Di Peng ◽  
Thomas J. Juliano ◽  
James W. Gregory ◽  
Jim W. Crafton ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Ronald S. Weinstein ◽  
N. Scott McNutt

The Type I simple cold block device was described by Bullivant and Ames in 1966 and represented the product of the first successful effort to simplify the equipment required to do sophisticated freeze-cleave techniques. Bullivant, Weinstein and Someda described the Type II device which is a modification of the Type I device and was developed as a collaborative effort at the Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The modifications reduced specimen contamination and provided controlled specimen warming for heat-etching of fracture faces. We have now tested the Mass. General Hospital version of the Type II device (called the “Type II-MGH device”) on a wide variety of biological specimens and have established temperature and pressure curves for routine heat-etching with the device.


Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.


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