New Evidence for the Role of Mechanical Forces in the Shoot Apical Meristem

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Dumais ◽  
Charles R. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
New Evidence

An altered body plan is conferred on Arabidopsis plants carrying dominant alleles of two genes

Development ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 2395-2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Grbic ◽  
A.B. Bleecker
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Body Plan ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Chromosome 5 ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Primary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Meristems

In this paper, we describe a late-flowering ecotype of Arabidopsis, Sy-0, in which the axillary meristems maintain a prolonged vegetative phase, even though the primary shoot apical meristem has already converted to reproductive development. This novel heterochronic shift in the development of axillary meristems results in the formation of aerial rosettes of leaves at the nodes of the primary shoot axis. We present evidence that the aerial-rosette phenotype arises due to the interaction between dominant alleles of two genes: ART, aerial rosette gene (on chromosome 5) and EAR, enhancer of aerial rosette (on chromosome 4): EAR has been tentatively identified as a new allele of the FRI locus. The possible role of these two genes in the conversion of shoot apical meristems to reproductive development is discussed.

The role of hormones in shoot apical meristem function

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eilon Shani ◽  
Osnat Yanai ◽  
Naomi Ori
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem

scholarly journals Regulation of Shoot Apical Meristem and Axillary Meristem Development in Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Xue ◽  
Liya Liu ◽  
Cui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Axillary Meristem ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Plants retain the ability to produce new organs throughout their life cycles. Continuous aboveground organogenesis is achieved by meristems, which are mainly organized, established, and maintained in the shoot apex and leaf axils. This paper will focus on reviewing the recent progress in understanding the regulation of shoot apical meristem and axillary meristem development. We discuss the genetics of plant meristems, the role of plant hormones and environmental factors in meristem development, and the impact of epigenetic factors on meristem organization and function.

A model study of the role of proteins CLV1, CLV2, CLV3, and WUS in regulation of the structure of the shoot apical meristem

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Nikolaev ◽  
A. V. Penenko ◽  
V. V. Lavreha ◽  
E. D. Mjolsness ◽  
N. A. Kolchanov
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Model Study

scholarly journals The Role of PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH in the Maintenance of the Shoot Apical Meristem in Arabidopsis

2011 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolan Ung ◽  
Shruti Lal ◽  
Harley M.S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem

scholarly journals Emerging Role of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Control of Shoot Apical Meristem FunctionF

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Di Giacomo ◽  
Giovanna Serino ◽  
Giovanna Frugis
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome

scholarly journals Mechanical stress contributes to the expression of the STM homeobox gene in Arabidopsis shoot meristems

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Landrein ◽  
Annamaria Kiss ◽  
Massimiliano Sassi ◽  
Aurélie Chauvet ◽  
Pradeep Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Master Regulator ◽  
Cell Identity ◽  
Auxin Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Signals ◽  
Shoot Meristems

The role of mechanical signals in cell identity determination remains poorly explored in tissues. Furthermore, because mechanical stress is widespread, mechanical signals are difficult to uncouple from biochemical-based transduction pathways. Here we focus on the homeobox gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM), a master regulator and marker of meristematic identity in Arabidopsis. We found that STM expression is quantitatively correlated to curvature in the saddle-shaped boundary domain of the shoot apical meristem. As tissue folding reflects the presence of mechanical stress, we test and demonstrate that STM expression is induced after micromechanical perturbations. We also show that STM expression in the boundary domain is required for organ separation. While STM expression correlates with auxin depletion in this domain, auxin distribution and STM expression can also be uncoupled. STM expression and boundary identity are thus strengthened through a synergy between auxin depletion and an auxin-independent mechanotransduction pathway at the shoot apical meristem.

Cellular and molecular characterization of a thick-walled variant reveal a pivotal role of shoot apical meristem in transverse development of bamboo culm

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (15) ◽  
pp. 3911-3926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujun Wang ◽  
Xuepeng Sun ◽  
Yulong Ding ◽  
Zhangjun Fei ◽  
Chen Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Bamboo Culm ◽  
Culm Wall ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
Lower Biomass

Abstract Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the development of bamboo culm. Using anatomical, mathematical modeling, and genomics methods, we investigated the role of shoot apical meristem (SAM) in the development of the transverse morphology of bamboo culm and explored the underlying cellular and molecular processes. We discovered that maintenance of SAM morphology that can produce circular culm and increase in SAM cell numbers, especially corpus cells, is the means by which bamboo makes a larger culm with a regular pith cavity and culm wall during development. A less cellular form of SAM with a lower proportion of corpus cells causes an abnormal higher ratio of wall component cells to pith cells, which breaks the balance of their interaction and triggers the random invasion of wall component cells into pith tissues during development, and finally results in the various thick culm walls of Phyllostachys nidularia f. farcta. The smaller SAM also results in a lower level of hormones such as cytokinin and auxin, and down-regulates hormone signaling and the downstream functional genes such as those related to metabolism, which finally results in a dwarf and smaller diameter culm with lower biomass. These results provide an important perspective on the culm development of bamboo, and support a plausible mechanism causing the size-reduced culm and various thick culm walls of P. nidularia f. farcta.

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