Determination of competitive abilities of Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains in soils from soybean production regions in South Africa

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bloem ◽  
I. J. Law
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Competitive Abilities

Time and Latitude in South Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Astronomical Determination ◽  
Limited Accuracy ◽  
Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

scholarly journals The Theory of Wetting, and the Determination of the Wetting Power of Dipping and Spraying Fluids containing a Soap Basis

1915 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Cooper ◽  
W. H. Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Wetting Power ◽  
The Government

The dipping of sheep and cattle, as a means of eradicating ‘scab,’ lice, ticks, etc., and the diseases which it is now known the latter may transmit, has met with such success, that compulsory dipping is now in vogue in most pastoral countries. Where compulsory dipping obtains, there must of necessity be some system of the standardisation of dips. In Queensland and South Africa, the respective Governments issue official formulae from which the stockbreeder can prepare his own dipping fluid. Only such proprietary dips, as are duly recognised by the Government, may be employed. In the United States, the regulations for the sale of proprietary dips are still more stringent. The quantity of active substance, usually sodium arsenite, nicotine or cresylic acid, is defined within very narrow limits. Further, no proprietary dip is now recognised, unless the manufacturer can furnish a ‘Field Tester,’ by means of which the stockbreeder can himself determine, in a simple and fairly trustworthy manner, the percentage of active constituent in his bath.

scholarly journals The role of culture in the determination of a standardized or localized marketing strategy

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Van Heerden ◽  
C. Barter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Target Market ◽  
International Environment ◽  
International Marketing Strategy

Given that culture is an important factor in the international environment, it is a necessity that culture be well understood in order to achieve success in international marketing strategies. Previous research focused more on the broader influence of culture on marketing strategies, with few studies focusing on the way in which culture and marketing affect and are effected by one another, culture’s role in the localisation or standardisation of a marketing strategy, as well as which elements of the marketing strategy to standardise versus localise. The sample was drawn from key employees working within reputable multinational organisations in South Africa. No hypotheses were formulated or tested but instead this exploratory study identified areas, which have not been researched in South Africa and eight propositions based on the findings were formulated. The findings indicate that culture plays a very important role in the overall formulation of an international marketing strategy, and it was not conclusive whether such a strategy should be standardised or whether it should be localised. Generally, the responses suggest that a marketer’s strategy should suit the local culture in order to reach them and have the desired effect on the target market, and not the other way around because such evolutions could take an extensive amount of time in order to achieve marketing goals.

Serological Distribution of Bradyrhizobium japonicum from U.S. Soybean Production Areas

1989 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Weber ◽  
H. H. Keyser ◽  
S. L. Uratsu
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Production Areas

scholarly journals Tsallis Entropy for Assessing Spatial Uncertainty Associated with Mean Annual Runoff of Quaternary Catchments of the Middle Vaal Basin in South Africa

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1050
Author(s):  
Masengo Ilunga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Shannon Entropy ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Spatial Uncertainty ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Convergence Point

This study assesses mainly the uncertainty of the mean annual runoff (MAR) for quaternary catchments (QCs) considered as metastable nonextensive systems (from Tsalllis entropy) in the Middle Vaal catchment. The study is applied to the surface water resources (WR) of the South Africa 1990 (WR90), 2005 (WR2005) and 2012 (WR2012) data sets. The q-information index (from the Tsalllis entropy) is used here as a deviation indicator for the spatial evolution of uncertainty for the different QCs, using the Shannon entropy as a baseline. It enables the determination of a (virtual) convergence point, zone of positive and negative uncertainty deviation, zone of null deviation and chaotic zone for each data set. Such a determination is not possible on the basis of the Shannon entropy alone as a measure for the MAR uncertainty of QCs, i.e., when they are viewed as extensive systems. Finally, the spatial distributions for the zones of the q-uncertainty deviation (gain or loss in information) of the MAR are derived and lead to iso q-uncertainty deviation maps.

scholarly journals Determination of sediment quality in the Nyl River system, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Greenfield ◽  
J.H.J. Van Vuren ◽  
V. Wepener
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River System ◽  
Limpopo Province
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