Targeting and alteration of tight junctions by bacteria and their virulence factors such as Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin

2016 ◽  
Vol 469 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Eichner ◽  
Jonas Protze ◽  
Anna Piontek ◽  
Gerd Krause ◽  
Jörg Piontek
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin

scholarly journals Identifying the Virulent Factors of Clostridium perfringens Locally Isolated from Different Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624
Author(s):  
H. A. El-Helw ◽  
M. M. Taha ◽  
Elham F. El-Sergany ◽  
Ebtesam, E.Z. Kotb ◽  
A. S Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin ◽  
Virulent Strains

Clostridium perfringens incriminated in many diseases among different species of animals due to its ability to produce many virulence factors. In the current study, 135 intestinal samples were collected from different animal species of different localities in Egypt. Samples were subjected to isolation and identification (morphologically and biochemically) for obtaining Clostridium perfringens isolates (n=26, 19.25%). The PCR was carried out to elucidate the virulence factors. It was indicated that all the 26 Clostridium perfringens isolates had CPA gene and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE gene), whereas 23% of isolates of chicken and cattle intestinal samples contained CPA, Net B, and CPE genes as virulence factors. Consequently, those isolates are highly recommended to be used in the preparation of enterotoxemia and necrotic enteritis vaccines as they are more virulent strains.

scholarly journals Innovative and Highly Sensitive Detection of Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin Based on Receptor Interaction and Monoclonal Antibodies

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Thea Neumann ◽  
Maren Krüger ◽  
Jasmin Weisemann ◽  
Stefan Mahrhold ◽  
Daniel Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin ◽  
Fast Detection ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) regularly causes food poisoning and antibiotic-associated diarrhea; therefore, reliable toxin detection is crucial. To this aim, we explored stationary and mobile strategies to detect CPE either exclusively by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or, alternatively, by toxin-enrichment via the cellular receptor of CPE, claudin-4, and mAb detection. Among the newly generated mAbs, we identified nine CPE-specific mAbs targeting five distinct epitopes, among them mAbs recognizing CPE bound to claudin-4 or neutralizing CPE activity in vitro. In surface plasmon resonance experiments, all mAbs and claudin-4 revealed excellent affinities towards CPE, ranging from 0.05 to 2.3 nM. Integrated into sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), the most sensitive mAb/mAb and claudin-4/mAb combinations achieved similar detection limits of 0.3 pg/mL and 1.0 pg/mL, respectively, specifically detecting recombinant CPE from spiked feces and native CPE from 30 different C. perfringens culture supernatants. The implementation of mAb- and receptor-based ELISAs into a mobile detection platform enabled the fast detection of CPE, which will be helpful in clinical laboratories to diagnose diarrhea of assumed bacterial origin. In conclusion, we successfully employed an endogenous receptor and novel high affinity mAbs for highly sensitive and specific CPE-detection. These tools will be useful for both basic and applied research.

Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens , Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and dysbiosis in fecal samples of dogs with diarrhea

2014 ◽  
Vol 174 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Minamoto ◽  
Naila Dhanani ◽  
Melissa E. Markel ◽  
Jörg M. Steiner ◽  
Jan S. Suchodolski
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin ◽  
Fecal Samples

scholarly journals Using More Than 1 (Path)Way to Kill a Host Cell: Lessons From Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863612093151
Author(s):  
Bruce McClane ◽  
Archana Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin ◽  
Mixed Lineage Kinase ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Apoptosis And Necrosis

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is responsible for the symptoms of common intestinal infections due to C. perfringens type F isolates. CPE is a pore-forming toxin that uses certain claudins as a receptor. Previous studies showed that, in enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells, low CPE concentrations cause caspase 3-mediated apoptosis but high CPE concentrations cause necrosis. The recent work published in mBio by Shrestha, Mehdizadeh Gohari, and McClane determined that RIP1 and RIP3 are involved in both CPE-mediated apoptosis and necrosis in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, mixed lineage kinase-domain (MLKL) oligomerization was shown to be important for necrosis caused by CPE, identifying this necrosis as programmed necroptosis. In addition, calpain activation due to Ca2+ influx through the CPE pore was identified as a critical intermediate step for MLKL oligomerization and, thus, CPE-induced necroptosis. These findings may have applicability to understand the action of some other pore-forming toxins that induce necroptosis and may also be important for understanding CPE action in vivo.

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