Idiosyncratic responses of Amazonian birds to primary forest disturbance

Wildland fires are globally widespread, constituting the primary forest disturbance in many ecosystems. Burn severity (fire-induced change to vegetation and soils) has short-term impacts on erosion and post-fire environments, and persistent effects on forest regeneration, making burn severity data important for managers and scientists. Analysts can create atlases of historical and recent burn severity, represented by changes in surface reflectance following fire, using satellite imagery and fire perimeters. Burn severity atlas production has been limited by diverse constraints outside the US. We demonstrate the development and validation of a burn severity atlas using the Google Earth Engine platform and image catalogue. We automated mapping of three burn severity metrics using mean compositing (averaging reflectance values) of pixels for all large (≥200ha) fires in Alberta, Canada. We share the resulting atlas and code. We compared burn severity datasets produced using mean compositing with data from paired images (one pre- and post-fire image). There was no meaningful difference in model correspondence to field data between the two approaches, but mean compositing saved time and increased the area mapped. This approach could be applied and tested worldwide, and is ideal for regions with small staffs and budgets, and areas with frequent cloud.

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Negative Effects of Logging on Bird Dispersed Plants in Northern Papuan Lowland Forest, Indonesia

Tropical Conservation Science ◽

10.1177/19400829211031171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 194008292110311

Author(s):

Margaretha Pangau-Adam ◽

Jolanta Slowik ◽

Jan-Niklas Trei ◽

Matthias Waltert

Keyword(s):

Forest Disturbance ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Large Animal ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Frugivorous Birds ◽

Logged Forest ◽

Primary Forests ◽

Habitat Parameters

Many plants in New Guinean rainforest have relatively larger fruits than those in other tropical forests and may depend on large animal dispersers, but little is known about the impacts of forest disturbance, especially logging, on the species composition and abundance of these trees. In order to provide a baseline for the understanding of their vulnerability, we counted fruiting plants and measured habitat parameters in primary and human-altered habitats in the little studied lowland forest of northern Papua, Indonesia. During the surveys coinciding with peak fruit season, eighty-nine species were recorded in fruit, with 71 species in 24 families known to be consumed by birds, and most of them (97%) were trees. The diversity of bird-consumed fruiting plants differed among the habitat types and was highest in undisturbed primary forest and hunted primary forest. Secondary forests still had a high number of species and individuals but were dominated by light demanding plants and a low number of uniquely found species. Logged forest and agricultural habitats showed only a low abundance of bird-consumed fruiting plants, being about 2-3 times lower than in primary forests. Plants with large sized fruits (diam. > 20 mm) were mainly found in primary forests, confirming their importance for maintaining interactions between large frugivorous birds and plants that are of relevance for forest regeneration.

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Keragaman Burung Pemakan Buah (Avian Frugivora) di Hutan Dataran Rendah Jayapura, Papua

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.529 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Margaretha Z. Pangau ◽

Supeni Sufaati

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Forest Disturbance ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Frugivorous Birds ◽

Forest Garden ◽

Avian Frugivores ◽

High Diversity

Frugivorous birds or avian frugivores play important role in seed dispersal cycle and forest regeneration in forest ecosystem of Papua. Despite the high diversity of avian frugivores dwelling in Papuan rainforest, and the fact that this region faces alarming rate of forest disturbance, little is known of their current presence in the lowland forest habitat. We surveyed the variety of frugivorous birds in three different habitats of lowland forest in Cyclop Mountains Nature Reserve and Nimbokrang District. The methods used were line and point transects and identification was done during the survey. A total of 36 frugivorous birds from eight families was found in both sites. There were 33 species of 8 families in Nimbokrang forest and 16 species of 7 families were encountered in the Nature Reserve. The primary forest has high diversity of frugivorous birds compared to that in secondary forest and forest garden. It was found that several species of Family Columbidae such as Macropygia amboinensis, Ducula pinon dan Reindwaedtoena reinwardtii moved and foraged along the forest edge and also visited degraded areas that still provided vegetation trees and perches. These findings might have importance for forest management and reforestation programmes in Papuan lowland forest.Key words: Frugivorous birds, diversity, lowland forest, Mountain Cyclops Nature Reserve, Nimbokrang.

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Forest land-use in Sabah, Malaysia: an introduction to Danum Valley

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1992.0025 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 335 (1275) ◽

pp. 331-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 116

Keyword(s):

National Parks ◽

Forest Ecology ◽

Forest Disturbance ◽

Research Programme ◽

The State ◽

Selective Logging ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Lowland Forest ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Leading Role

The Malaysian state of Sabah occupies an area of 73 371 km 2 which is about 10% of the island of Borneo. A bout 60% of the land area is forested and 48% is gazetted as Permanent Forest Reserve or State or National Parks. The largest agent of forest disturbance is the timber industry, which plays a leading role in the state economy. A statutory body, the Sabah Foundation, holds a 100-year timber concession of 973 000 ha (9730 km 2 ) in the southeast of the state. Of this concession 9.7% has been reserved for conservation, including 43 800 ha (438 km 2 ) of uninhabited, mostly lowland forest in an area called Danum Valley. Since 1986, this has been the site of a field centre and a collaborative research programme devoted to comparative study of primary forest ecology and the impacts of selective logging. The paper includes a summary account of the ecology of the Danum Valley Conservation Area.

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Effect of forest use on trophic levels of small mammals: an analysis using stable isotopes

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z07-026 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 472-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Michiko Nakagawa ◽

Fujio Hyodo ◽

Tohru Nakashizuka

Keyword(s):

Small Mammals ◽

Forest Disturbance ◽

Trophic Levels ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Canopy Openness ◽

Degraded Forest ◽

Forest Types ◽

Food Web Structure ◽

Forest Use ◽

Rats And Mice

The degradation of tropical forests is progressing rapidly and its ecological effects on wild animals are a global concern. We evaluated the hypothesis that small mammals in highly degraded forest occupy higher trophic levels than those in somewhat degraded forests, as indicated by diets high in consumers such as insects, in a tropical rain forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. After correcting for differences in the δ15N values for primary production among the study sites, the δ15Ncorrected values for rats and mice (Muridae) differed significantly among forest types. Rats and mice in more degraded forest had higher δ15Ncorrected values than those in less degraded or primary forest; in contrast, treeshrews (Tupaiidae) and squirrels (Sciuridae) showed no significant differences in the δ15Ncorrected values among forest types. We found significant positive correlations between canopy openness and the δ15Ncorrected values for one species of squirrel and two species of rats. This hypothesis was supported for small mammals that have normal dietary preferences for plants, i.e., omnivorous rodents, but not for those that normally prefer insects, i.e., treeshrews. The δ15N values for omnivorous mammals may be useful as an indicator of changes in food-web structure in response to forest disturbance.

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Functional redundancy of Amazonian dung beetles confers community‐level resistance to primary forest disturbance

Biotropica ◽

10.1111/btp.12998 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cássio Alencar Nunes ◽

Jos Barlow ◽

Filipe França ◽

Erika Berenguer ◽

Ricardo R. C. Solar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Disturbance ◽

Functional Redundancy ◽

Dung Beetles ◽

Community Level ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Level Resistance

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Effects of forest disturbance on the movement of ground-dwelling invertebrates

10.1603/ice.2016.112151 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Kayla I Perry

Keyword(s):

Forest Disturbance

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The dynamics of changes in the structure and species composition of primary forest stands in selected areas of Pieniny National Park

Forest Research Papers ◽

10.2478/v10111-011-0034-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 339-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrzej Jaworski ◽

Dorota Jakubowska

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

National Park ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Forest Stands

Dynamika zmian budowy, struktury i składu gatunkowego drzewostanów o charakterze pierwotnym na wybranych powierzchniach w Pienińskim Parku Narodowym

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Spider diversity in the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, Singapore

Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore ◽

10.26492/gbs71(suppl.1).2019-08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 ((suppl.1)) ◽

pp. 209-243

Author(s):

J.K.H. Koh ◽

D.J. Court

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

New Records ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Vegetation Zones ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Quantitative Analyses ◽

First Time

This paper discusses the preliminary results of the first comprehensive survey of the spiders of the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (BTNR) in Singapore. Two plots were established in each of the three zones of vegetation, viz., primary forest, old secondary forest, and maturing secondary forest. They were repeatedly sampled over an 18-month period. Sorting of the collection so far suggests that the three vegetation zones harbour rather different spider assemblages. Only ~9% of the total spider fauna recovered was shared by all three zones. The results have also yielded a preliminary picture of dominance, abundance and rarity. Although first intended to obtain a baseline for future quantitative analyses, the survey became a testing ground to modify and refine methodology so as to conduct future quantitative surveys with greater scientific rigour. Taxonomic work on the samples so far shows that the spiders in the BTNR span over 43 families, of which six families are listed for the first time in Singapore. The tally is summarised in an interim checklist of BTNR spiders. The checklist, with a total of 317 entries, shows that there are 158 described species of spiders in BTNR, of which 25 species are new records for Singapore. Another 159 morphospecies are provisionally recognised as distinct species, some of which may be new to science. Our observations during the survey have allowed us to provide a narrative of BTNR spider diversity against a backdrop of their microhabitat specialisation.

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MANAJEMEN DATA SPASIAL: PENGGUNAAN TANAH WILAYAH PEDESAAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

Jurnal Spasial ◽

10.22202/js.v5i2.3090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Afrital Rezki, S.Pd., M.Si ◽

Erna Juita ◽

Dasrizal Dasrizal ◽

Arie Zella Putra Ulni

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Land Uses ◽

Forest Land ◽

Land Use Patterns ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Mixed Plantations

Perkembangan penggunaan tanah bergerak horisontal secara spasial ke arah wilayah yang mudah diusahakan. Penggunaan tanah juga bergerak secara vertikal dalam rangka menaikkan mutunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan lahan, bagaimana manajemen penggunaan lahan di satu wilayah berdasarkan batas Nagari. Metode yang digunakan adalah analsisis spasial dengan interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, survey lapangan, dan analisis deskriptif. Pertumbuhan pemukiman Nagari Sungai Sariak Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman mengakibatkan pemanfaatan ruang menjadi tumpang tindih. Diperlukan cara-cara pengelolaan dan managemen penggunaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menaikkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian lingkungan.Terdapat 9 jenis penggunaan lahan yang ada di Nagari Sungai Sariak. Penggunaan lahan tersebut adalah Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, dan Plantations. Penggunaan lahan yang paling luas di Nagari Sungai Sariak adalah jenis penggunaan lahan Primary Forest, sebesar 48% dari total luas wilayah Nagari Sungai Sariak. Pada tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2016, penggunaan lahan paling luas terjadi pada penggunaan lahan jenis Primary Forest yang kemudian menjadi Mixed Plantations. Land use Changes moved horizontally spatially towards areas that are easily cultivated. The land use also moves vertically in order to increase its quality. This study aims to analyze land use patterns, how land use management in one area is based on Nagari boundaries. The method used is spatial analysis with interpretation of remote sensing images, field surveys, and descriptive analysis. The growth of Nagari Sungai Sariak in Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman resulted in overlapping use of space. Management methods are needed and management of land use in the framework of sustainable development that raises the standard of living of the community and does not cause environmental losses. There are 9 types of land use in the Nagari Sungai Sariak. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most extensive land use in Nagari Sungai Sariak is the type of Primary Forest land use, amounting to 48% of the total area of the Nagari Sungai Sariak. From 2011 to 2016, the most extensive land use occurred in Primary Forest land uses which later became Mixed Plantations.

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